Medicine

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

It is known that adjuvant chemotherapy is one of the components of the combined treatment of oncological pathologies. It is used in almost all types of cancer. However, chemotherapy is not always tolerated by patients and has complications

Calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate crystals in urine

Calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate crystals in urine

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

A he althy person always contains small amounts of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine. Their high content can cause the formation of stones in the kidneys and urinary tract. Diet is the only way to prevent this condition

Brown fat in humans: description, functions and features

Brown fat in humans: description, functions and features

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

What is brown fat? What functions does it perform? We will answer these and other questions in the article. There are two types of fatty substance in the human body: brown (BAT - provides thermogenesis and creates heat by burning fat) and white (WAT - designed to store energy). Obese people tend to have less brown fat and more white fat

Bile: composition and properties. The chemical composition of bile

Bile: composition and properties. The chemical composition of bile

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Bile is a product of the activity of hepatocytes (liver cells). Various studies indicate that without the participation of bile in the process of digestion of food, the normal activity of the gastrointestinal tract is impossible. There are violations not only of the digestion process, but also of metabolism, if there is a failure in its production or its composition changes

Human skeletal system: diseases and treatment

Human skeletal system: diseases and treatment

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are far from uncommon nowadays. A sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, physical inactivity - all this leads to a violation of metabolic processes in muscles and bones

CT of the larynx: prices, reviews. What will a CT scan of the neck and larynx show?

CT of the larynx: prices, reviews. What will a CT scan of the neck and larynx show?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

CT of the throat and larynx helps to identify dangerous diseases, prescribe the best methods of treatment. Before undergoing this diagnostic measure, you should take tests and consult with your doctor. CT of the larynx can detect serious diseases at an early stage

Main therapies

Main therapies

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Since ancient times, various methods and types of therapies have been used to improve the human body. Some of the therapeutic methods have lost their significance over time and the development of medical science, while others, on the contrary, have received scientific justification and are widely used in practice

T3 - thyroid hormone: what it is responsible for, the norm and deviations from the norm

T3 - thyroid hormone: what it is responsible for, the norm and deviations from the norm

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Many people know the main function of the thyroid gland, and the hormones produced by it are essential for the normal functioning of the body. The hormone T3 (triiodothyronine) is one of them, and the number "three" in its definition is explained by the content in each of its molecules of just such a number of iodine atoms. So what is this hormone, what is it responsible for?

Osteoarthritis of the elbow joint: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Osteoarthritis of the elbow joint: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Osteoarthritis of the elbow joint is a fairly serious disease that destroys tissues and progresses very quickly. It describes the main stages in the development of osteoarthritis, as well as the main methods of its treatment and prevention

Violations of sensations: types, development of the process, causes and symptoms

Violations of sensations: types, development of the process, causes and symptoms

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

What are sensations, how are they classified? Types of sensory disturbances. Causes of pathology. Characteristics, symptoms of each variety - anesthesia, hypoesthesia, hyperesthesia, paresthesia, senestopathy, phantom syndrome. Difference from perceptual disturbances. A brief description of the varieties of such pathologies

CT of the brain: indications and contraindications

CT of the brain: indications and contraindications

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

The article describes computed tomography of the brain, indicates indications and contraindications for this type of examination, as well as its advantages

Parenteral drug administration - pros and cons

Parenteral drug administration - pros and cons

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Parenteral administration is the introduction of drugs into the body by "bypassing" the digestive tract. As a rule, it is used in cases where it is necessary to provide assistance immediately, one might even say that it is urgent

Aspiration biopsy: description of the procedure

Aspiration biopsy: description of the procedure

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

When pathological formations occur, an aspiration biopsy is performed. This diagnostic procedure helps to exclude or confirm the oncological process and determine the nature of the tumor. The method is affordable and painless

Iodine in the human body. What foods contain iodine?

Iodine in the human body. What foods contain iodine?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

The role of iodine in the human body. How much is needed. What threatens its shortage and overabundance. What foods are high in iodine

Thyroid cartilage: description, functions, structure

Thyroid cartilage: description, functions, structure

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

The thyroid cartilage is a single formation that is present in the throat of every person. It is not difficult to guess its function. Cartilage protects vital organs and arteries in the throat from damage

First Aid (FMA) for fractures: splinting, hemostatic tourniquet, transportation of the victim

First Aid (FMA) for fractures: splinting, hemostatic tourniquet, transportation of the victim

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Everyone can get into an emergency. And in this case, knowledge of the rules of first aid can save a life. The main thing is to maintain clarity of thinking and not try to perform manipulations that require special training

Prostate: structure, functions and features

Prostate: structure, functions and features

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

The prostate gland is only in men, but when studying anatomy, physiology and hygiene at school, boys do not always pay attention to it. At home, they don’t talk about it either, but meanwhile, the organ is very difficult

Citrus allergy in adults and children: causes, symptoms and treatment

Citrus allergy in adults and children: causes, symptoms and treatment

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Allergic reactions are intolerance to certain types of foods by the body. The disease can begin to bother both from childhood and at a more mature age - at 30, 40 or even 50 years old

Orthognathic surgery before and after: reviews

Orthognathic surgery before and after: reviews

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Methods of modern dentistry can change a person's bite, align the dentition. But this usually does not lead to a significant improvement in appearance. And if a person has any pathologies in the structure of the jaw, orthognathic surgery can help him. This section of orthodontics, which deals not only with the correction of the bite itself, but restores symmetry and the correct proportions of the face

If the mole grows

If the mole grows

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Let's start with the fact that a mole is a kind of pigmented neoplasm. And its color depends on the content of melanin and melanocytes (such cells) in it. Another name for such a formation is a nevus. A mole grows throughout life. According to observations, the number of nevi depends on the frequency and duration of exposure to the sun (sunburn). Each mole has its own life cycle

Kegel trainers. Kegel simulator for strengthening the muscles of the small pelvis: the principle of operation, photos, reviews, instructions

Kegel trainers. Kegel simulator for strengthening the muscles of the small pelvis: the principle of operation, photos, reviews, instructions

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Simulators were invented and developed by gynecologist Arnold Kegel. They strengthen the muscles of the intimate zone and the small pelvis, the weakening of which leads to various unpleasant conditions in the fair sex. He also invented a device for strengthening the muscles of the small pelvis. Over time, they improved, and now they help women improve the quality of their sexual life, cope with the problems of the genitourinary system

Butt hurts after injections: symptoms, folk and medical treatments

Butt hurts after injections: symptoms, folk and medical treatments

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Injections are a part of the life of almost any person. If the injection is not administered correctly, manifestations of painful sensations are possible, and bumps may form, which, after the injection, will begin to hurt. And also pain can arise from the drug itself, which greatly complicates the procedure. There are many ways to remove this unpleasant feeling. There are both folk methods and medical methods

Compress with magnesia: indications for use, instructions, reviews

Compress with magnesia: indications for use, instructions, reviews

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Compress of magnesia is an indispensable tool for injuries, especially bruises and bruises. Many are familiar with the situation of an unsuccessful fall or blow during sports. A hematoma can form not only from a blow, but also under other circumstances, for example, after a long course of treatment with injections

Retraction of the tongue: causes, symptoms, first aid, treatment and prevention

Retraction of the tongue: causes, symptoms, first aid, treatment and prevention

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Being unconscious is always dangerous for a person. One of the serious dangers is the retraction of the tongue and the subsequent suffocation. The article analyzes in detail the concept of tongue retraction, as well as first aid in such a case

Chygomatic bone. Temporal process of zygomatic bone

Chygomatic bone. Temporal process of zygomatic bone

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

One of the paired elements of the facial part of the skull is the zygomatic bone. It forms the zygomatic arch, which is the border of the fossa of the temple

What are the mastoid processes of the temporal bones. In what cases is trepanation of the mastoid process performed?

What are the mastoid processes of the temporal bones. In what cases is trepanation of the mastoid process performed?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Mastoiditis is a disease that many people face. But not every person knows what the mastoid processes are and where they are located. What is the structure of this part of the temporal bone? How dangerous is the inflammation of these structures, and what can cause the disease?

Urgent condition: medical emergencies

Urgent condition: medical emergencies

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

In an urgent condition (English urgent - "immediate"), a person needs emergency help, because in this case he is threatened with a quick inevitable death. This concept is used in all areas of medicine: surgery, cardiology, psychiatry, gynecology, etc. This article will describe the most common emergency conditions

Where to get an ultrasound scan in Novosibirsk: an overview of specialists, addresses and reviews

Where to get an ultrasound scan in Novosibirsk: an overview of specialists, addresses and reviews

Last modified: 2025-06-01 06:06

Ultrasound examination or ultrasound for short is a very common procedure that allows you to accurately establish the diagnosis and provide timely assistance. Therefore, it is so important to know where this diagnosis is carried out. For example, where can an ultrasound scan be done for residents of Novosibirsk?

Rhinitis and fever: causes, possible complications and treatments

Rhinitis and fever: causes, possible complications and treatments

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

One of the most common symptoms of ENT diseases is a runny nose. This is an inflammatory process that can be caused by various pathogens. Runny nose and fever are most often a symptom of a cold. If you do not take timely action to treat this disease, complications may develop. How to act in the event of such symptoms will be discussed below

Cedar oil: properties, applications, reviews

Cedar oil: properties, applications, reviews

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

In terms of its composition of nutrients and fat content, pine nuts are ahead of even walnuts and peanuts. The peoples of the south of Siberia from time immemorial crushed cedar oil in harvest years. And nowadays many love cedar oil

How to find out your weight without weights: everything ingenious is simple

How to find out your weight without weights: everything ingenious is simple

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Imagine that you find yourself in conditions of complete isolation from society, and you urgently need to weigh yourself. But here's the problem: the scales are not at hand. How to find out your weight without scales? - this thought will torment you from morning to night. Until you dare to try an alternative method that will effectively remedy the situation

Introduce something rectally - where and how?

Introduce something rectally - where and how?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Not everyone dares to ask the sacramental question: “Rectally? Where is this? Well, dispel doubts about everything connected with this definition

Endometriosis: what is it and can it be cured?

Endometriosis: what is it and can it be cured?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Several years ago, when diagnostic equipment was not so perfect, many diseases of the female reproductive system were considered quite rare. Then many women asked themselves questions like: “Endometriosis? What it is? How to get rid of it? Today, they have learned not only to diagnose this disease in a timely manner, but also to treat it quite effectively

Pneumosclerosis: what is it and how is it treated?

Pneumosclerosis: what is it and how is it treated?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Diseases such as pneumonia and sclerosis (or at least their names) are known to most people. But today quite often you can hear the diagnosis of "pneumosclerosis". What is it and how is this disease treated? Understanding this issue

What to do if rubbed between the legs?

What to do if rubbed between the legs?

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Probably every girl at least once in her life complained that she rubbed between her legs. What can cause such an unpleasant event and how to prevent the recurrence of irritation?

Hiberix vaccine: what you need to know before vaccination

Hiberix vaccine: what you need to know before vaccination

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Today, the vaccine "Hiberix" appeared in the vaccination calendar. Is it worth it? You should understand and make an informed decision - does your child need it?

Anti-tetanus serum: what you need to know about vaccination

Anti-tetanus serum: what you need to know about vaccination

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Today, fewer cases of tetanus are recorded. This, apparently, is facilitated by the fact that a significant part of the population is vaccinated against this infection. Many refuse this vaccination, citing the fact that there are very few cases of the disease. But! Will this argument be a consolation for someone who is ill? Of course not

Breast cysts: treatment with folk remedies can be effective

Breast cysts: treatment with folk remedies can be effective

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

Even doctors sometimes recommend doing without the wonders of pharmacology. In some situations, in the presence of a breast cyst, treatment with folk remedies gives a good result

Drank too much alcohol: what to do if you feel bad and sick? Ways to deal with a hangover

Drank too much alcohol: what to do if you feel bad and sick? Ways to deal with a hangover

Last modified: 2025-01-23 17:01

In this article we will look at the main ways to deal with such an unpleasant condition as a hangover. We will talk about how alcohol and its decay products affect all body systems, how we can help a person who has drunk too much alcohol, what to do and what you should never do in such a state. What drugs and folk remedies will help improve well-being on the first day after alcohol intoxication

Surgical scalpels: types, features, purpose

Surgical scalpels: types, features, purpose

Last modified: 2025-06-01 06:06

There are a large number of deadly diseases that can be transmitted through the blood. To reduce the risk of infection, medicine began to use a disposable cutting tool such as a scalpel. This surgical device has replaced the lancet, and is currently actively used by surgeons around the world