As you know, most diseases develop on the basis of nerves. In large cities, violations of the central nervous system are no less common than the most common cold. Symptoms of neurosis (irritability, lethargy and increased fatigue) sometimes appear even in people with a measured life. Indeed, a recent or existing illness can provoke a similar clinical picture. Doctors call this condition “neurosis-like syndrome.”
Brief description of the disease
The problem of neurosis today has become especially relevant. According to official WHO data, over the past 65 years, the number of reported cases has increased 24 times. Over the same period, mental illness has only doubled.
The International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10) does not classify a neurosis-like syndrome as a separate category of pathologies. Official medicine does not recognize such a concept, therefore it does not have a specific code. However, this does not mean that the diagnosis does not exist. Just himsymptoms are characteristic of many other diseases and organic lesions.
The prerequisites for its occurrence are considered a feature of a neurosis-like state. Pathology does not develop against the background of chronic stress or after psychological trauma. On the other hand, the listed factors may play an additional role in its occurrence. The main reason is the presence of failures in the body at the level of the endocrine, nervous, digestive and other systems.
Etiology of the pathological process
Most often, neurosis-like states arise in childhood, as well as against the background of trauma or intrauterine disorders. However, a later onset of the disease is not excluded. It may be due to the following reasons:
- Mental disorders (schizophrenia, epilepsy).
- Organic brain damage.
- Endocrine and hormonal disorders (diabetes, hyperthyroidism).
- Somatic diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, liver and gallbladder, gastrointestinal tract.
- Pathologies of an allergic nature.
The occurrence of a neurosis-like syndrome cannot be considered a consequence of the diseases listed above. On the other hand, when they arise and develop, they lead to disturbances in the functioning of certain brain structures. As a result, failures occur in the neurodynamics of the cortical membranes.
Clinical picture
The symptoms that characterize the neurosis-like syndrome are very extensive and varied. In adults, this conditionmanifested by severe mood swings. Such a person is more often angry and irritable than benevolent and calm. It is quite difficult for him to control his emotions. At the same time, there may be rapid fatigue, a decrease in concentration.
To bodily manifestations of the syndrome, doctors include:
- sleep disorder;
- strong vomiting after stress;
- constipation/loose stools;
- lack of appetite, often resulting in anorexia;
- pressure drops;
- excessive sweating.
For this pathology, the occurrence of several symptoms at once is not at all necessary. It all depends on the disease that caused it, the individual characteristics of the body and the personality of the patient.
Neurotic and neurosis-like syndromes combine several disorders, diverse in their manifestations. Each of them has significant differences. These are asthenic, obsessive-compulsive, hypochondriacal and hysterical syndromes. Below we consider what the pathology data are.
Asthenic syndrome
Such a neurotic state develops in stages. First, a person notes the appearance of increased fatigue, due to which he becomes emotionally unstable. Irritability is quickly replaced by passivity and apathy, indifference to everything that happens around. In the future, a distorted perception of events and the picture of the world arises.
Also, daytime sleepiness is characteristic of asthenic syndrome. Many complain of excessive sweating, severe headachespain. It is with this disorder that most mental illnesses begin.
Obsessive Compulsive Syndrome
This pathology is always accompanied by obsessive states. A person develops strange rituals and tendencies. Motor reactions do not depend on his will. At the same time, the patient is aware of the absurdity of his actions. He cannot cope with them on his own, so he is forced to seek qualified medical help.
Hypochondriacal syndrome
This state is determined by a person's constant worries about his own he alth. He is afraid of getting sick. Fear haunts him day and night, does not allow him to concentrate on work and household chores. Unpleasant sensations in the internal organs, causeless pain in the limbs, tingling and squeezing - with such complaints, they usually go to the doctor. A patient with a hypochondriacal neurosis-like syndrome begins to visit various specialists. He may require a complete diagnosis of the state of he alth, ask to be cured of a non-existent ailment.
If a medical examination does not reveal serious pathologies, such a person begins to blame doctors for their incompetence. Sometimes you can hear stories about induced corruption or a witch's curse.
Hysterical Syndrome
Disorder manifests itself in the form of demonstrative behavior. Actions, facial expressions and gestures of a person can be accompanied by violent emotions.(shouting, laughing, crying). At the next fit of hysteria, he begins to tear his hair or faint. This behavior differs significantly from a real hysterical fit. The patient can defiantly slide to the floor and pretend to faint. The whole scene is usually accompanied by loud cheers, convulsions and groans.
Neurosis-like syndrome in children
What is this? This is a pathology, the existence of which many parents learn quite late. In children, its first symptoms appear between the ages of 2 and 7 years. Among the main causes of the disorder, doctors identify the following:
- pathologies of intrauterine development;
- smoking, drinking by a woman during pregnancy;
- CNS diseases of various etiologies;
- birth trauma.
In children, a neurosis-like disorder is considered an intermediate state between an organic disorder and a neurosis itself. Sometimes it can pass on its own and without medical intervention. The child "outgrows" the disease, because his brain has a huge potential for regeneration.
About the age of 12, the symptoms that characterize the neurosis-like syndrome in children disappear. The main manifestations of pathology are tearfulness and aggression, nightmares, numerous phobias. The clinical picture practically does not differ from that in adults. It is not worth waiting for the moment of independent resolution of the problem. Qualified medical care is required even for small patients.
Diagnostic Methods
If you suspect a pathology, the first thing to do? - determine its cause. It is from her that the tactics of the therapy will subsequently depend. For example, the main method of treating neurosis is to work with a psychologist. With a neurosis-like disorder, it is ineffective.
Then, based on the existing symptoms, you will need to undergo a comprehensive examination. At the initial stage, this issue is de alt with by a neurologist. The main diagnostic methods are brain MRI and EEG. If, according to the results of research, organic lesions are not revealed, most likely, there is a normal neurosis. In this case, the patient is referred to a psychotherapist or psychiatrist.
Neurosis-like syndrome ICD-10 does not distinguish into a separate category of diseases. However, it has a number of signs that can be identified during the diagnosis. This disorder is characterized by abnormalities in the functioning of the brain and systems of internal organs. Therefore, a consultation only with a neurologist is not enough. You will need the help of narrow specialists: a cardiologist, a gastroenterologist, an endocrinologist. First of all, it is necessary to determine and eliminate the root cause of the syndrome. Only after that you can begin to restore the work of the central nervous system.
Treatment of the disorder in children and adults
How to treat a neurosis-like syndrome? Therapy for this disease is complex.
Standard course consists of the following activities:
- Drug exposure. Medicines are prescribed forfight against infectious or organic causes of the disease. At the same time, drugs are used to normalize the work of the hypothalamus. Depending on the clinical picture and the patient's complaints, antidepressants ("Amitriptyline") may be required. In the presence of phobias, tranquilizers are used (Elenium, Tazepam).
- Physiotherapy. Treatment of a neurosis-like syndrome necessarily includes electrophoresis procedures using bromine, calcium, magnesium sulfate. Additionally, electrosleep can be assigned.
- Acupuncture and reflexology.
- exercise. A set of exercises is selected individually. Most often, exercise therapy is used at the rehabilitation stage after the root cause of the disorder has been eliminated with the help of medications.
- Sanatorium treatment.
In especially serious cases, psychotherapy sessions are recommended for the patient.
What treatment is required for the diagnosis of "neurosis-like syndrome" in children? Therapy of the disorder in young patients is practically no different from that in adults. Various physiotherapy procedures have proven themselves especially well. As for drugs, they are prescribed in exceptional cases.
As part of ongoing therapy, adult patients are encouraged to change their habitual lifestyle towards a he althier one. You should give up bad habits and minimize the number of stressful situations. A calm and friendly atmosphere in the family is extremely important for children. For the entire period of treatment, it is better to refusemoving, changing educational institutions.
