The disease that will be discussed is a pathological change in the layers of the epithelium in the cervix. It is referred to as a precancerous condition. But at an early stage of development, this pathology is reversible, and therefore timely detected and treated dysplasia is the best way to avoid the development of an oncological process.
What is cervical dysplasia. Symptoms do not appear immediately
If, during erosion of this organ, epithelial disturbances occur as a result of some traumatic effect and are superficial, then dysplasia is changes in the tissues lining the neck, occurring at the cellular level. Epithelial cells at the same time lose their original shape, become large and multinucleated. True, at first this does not give any clinical manifestations: they appear later. And what exactly causes them, we will discuss further.
Dysplasia can affect different layers of cells, and depending on the depth of penetration, it is divided intodegree.
- Mild (dysplasia I) - mild changes in the composition of cells affecting the lower third of the epithelium.
- Moderate (dysplasia II) is a pathology observed not only in the lower, but also in the middle part of the epithelium.
- Severe cervical dysplasia (dysplasia III) - the entire thickness of the epithelium is subject to changes, but they do not affect blood vessels, muscle tissue and nerve endings.
Medical studies show that almost every fourth woman has a pathology of the organ under discussion, and 20% are diagnosed with a precancerous condition.
How cervical dysplasia manifests itself: symptoms
As mentioned above, dysplasia does not manifest itself. As a rule, due to the weakening of the immune background, microbial infections join it, which cause symptoms, for example, cervicitis or colpitis. This is itching, burning, colored discharge from the vagina, with a changed odor and consistency, sometimes containing blood (most often after intercourse or wearing a tampon). Pain in dysplasia is not observed.
The specified pathology can have a long course, and sometimes regress, for example, after the treatment of inflammation. But most often, dysplasia progresses, and that is why it needs timely detection.
It is often found when diagnosing gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts of the vagina or vulva.
Cervical Dysplasia: Symptoms and Diagnosis
Whether or notany complaints should undergo regular gynecological examination to detect a precancerous condition.
- To do this, a swab is taken from the examinee for cytology to detect atypical cells.
- And with a positive result of the first examination, colposcopy and biopsy are performed. They are carried out using optical devices that are used to examine the walls of the cervix and take a fragment of its tissues for laboratory analysis.
Methods of treatment of cervical dysplasia
In the treatment of this pathology, they are based on the age of the woman, the size of the lesion, the degree of dysplasia and concomitant diseases. A prerequisite is the desire to preserve the childbearing function. For this, immunostimulating therapy and surgical intervention are used. The latter is done through the use of liquid nitrogen, laser, radio wave therapy and electrocoagulation or, in severe cases, removal of the cervix.
Remember that cervical dysplasia, the symptoms and diagnosis of which we have reviewed, requires early detection! And then the woman will not have to face the terrible diagnosis of cancer.
