Hearing the diagnosis of cervical dysplasia, many women start to panic. After all, a synonym for this disease is a precancerous condition of the maternity organ. Doctors reassure: do not immediately bury yourself. After all, the first stage in the development of a tumor of the stomach is ordinary gastritis. But not all people who have this disease receive a malignant formation in addition. Whether dysplasia turns into cancer or not depends largely on the treatment prescribed by experienced doctors, and on the behavior of the patient, who must adhere to all prescriptions. Therefore, just now we will try to analyze the risks and consequences of grade 3 cervical dysplasia, treatment, patient feedback on therapy, as well as doctors' advice about surgery and traditional medicine.
General information
Every woman is interested in the question of how it differs from other diseases of the genitourinary systemcervical dysplasia grade 3. Treatment, reviews, what it is - we will consider all these points in the article. However, before proceeding to the disclosure of the main topic, let's understand some terms. So, dysplasia is a pathological process that develops in the epithelium of the maternity organ. With proper treatment, this mechanism is reversible; in the absence of therapy, it is dangerous for he alth and even life, because the formation can quickly transform into a malignant tumor. The transition of dysplasia into cancer does not happen overnight: it takes years, sometimes decades. But this does not mean that you can postpone the appeal to the doctor. No and no again. Each case is special, individual: if for one woman it takes almost her whole life, then everything can happen for you in a matter of months. Even if you don't fall into this "rapid course of illness" category, you're still unlikely to want to deal with a terrible disease in old age.
If a girl is diagnosed with grade 3 cervical dysplasia, oncology treatment is prescribed immediately. Since this stage is dangerous, experienced physicians are engaged in therapy, for whom the fight against tumors and metastases is everyday work. Prescribe drugs or recommend surgery, they decide. It all depends on the patient's history, physical condition, genetic predispositions, existing risks, as well as on the development and course of the disease.
Types of dysplasia and causes of its development
The cervix is made up of squamous stratified epithelium. With dysplasia, it is violated: in the altered cells, one irregular huge shapeless nucleus is formed, or several of them appear. The tissue is deformed, the division of the epithelium into layers disappears. Such cells are called atypical. Depending on the location of the formation, the following types of disease are distinguished:
- Dysplasia 1 degree (mild). Changes occur in the lower part of the epithelium, affecting its third part.
- Dysplasia grade 2 (moderate). The formations capture a little more than a third of the tissue, but do not grow to 2/3 of its thickness.
- Cervical dysplasia grade 3. Treatment, reviews of doctors about which converge, usually takes place with the help of surgical interventions, since this form of the disease is severe. It is often referred to as invasive cancer. At this stage, the deformation covers all layers of the epithelium. If you miss the time and urgently do not take action, a malignant formation will destroy the membrane of the organ and penetrate into the internal structures of the reproductive system.
The causes of the disease - a great many. But most often, the disease arises and begins to progress due to the presence of the papilloma virus in the body of a woman, immunodeficiency, inflammatory processes in the cervix, as well as against the background of active smoking, hormonal changes, after trauma, due to early and promiscuous sexual life. Before prescribing therapy, doctors determine the type of disease. If thiscervical dysplasia grade 3, treatment methods can be aggressive - surgery or amputation of the organ.
Main symptoms
Despite all the danger that grade 3 cervical dysplasia carries, treatment in oncology is not always prescribed. Sometimes the disease is under the control of ordinary gynecologists. But this is only in those rare cases when the patient applied on time. Why rare? Yes, because the disease often proceeds hidden, "hiding" behind other problems. Dysplasia, oddly enough, does not have its own clinical picture. Therefore, the symptoms characteristic of her are rather meager and relatively common.
If a woman is completely he althy, then she will feel absolutely nothing - no malaise or weakness. The mass is often discovered during a routine gynecological examination (which is why it is so important not to miss these visits). It is much easier to make a diagnosis if a microbial infection joins the disease. Against this background, inflammatory processes develop, which the girl will definitely feel.
- Colpitis - infection of the vaginal membrane. A woman has swelling, redness of the external genitalia, discomfort, itching and burning in the vagina. Discharge may be foul-smelling, bloody, or purulent.
- Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix. It is characterized by mucous, foamy or yellowish discharge. A woman periodically feels an unpleasant heaviness in the lower abdomen.
As for pain, they are not observed. But the disease is often combined with suchdiseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts in the vagina or anus. Having found the first signs of these troubles, immediately run to the doctor, because you may have cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree: treatment, reviews of the best drugs on the market today, the main methods of therapy will become known to you after a conversation with a specialist.
Diagnosis
If a woman has grade 3 cervical dysplasia, how to treat her? In order to answer this question, the doctor needs to conduct a diagnosis. First, it is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Secondly, it helps to determine the nature of the disease, the features of its course and the risk of possible complications. The scheme is as follows:
- Examination at the gynecologist. You will go through this process at the very beginning. With the help of vaginal mirrors, the doctor will see changes in the mucous membrane of the organ, possible spots, growths or vegetation of the epithelium.
- Colposcopy. Suspecting something was wrong during the examination, the doctor will send you for examination with this optical device. It is inserted into the perineum and shows all the modifications of the vagina in tenfold size.
- Cytology analysis. The gynecologist will take a smear so that laboratory assistants can determine the presence of atypical cells in it using a microscope. Scraping also allows you to find the malicious human papillomavirus.
- PCR diagnostics. It is carried out if papillomavirus is detected: it specifies the strain of infection, the concentration of the pathogen.
- Histological analysis of biopsy materials. A very informative method that allows you to analyze the state of epithelial cellsas detailed as possible.
Treatment of cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree, like other types, is prescribed only after all the manipulations. Only in this case, the therapy will be competent and effective.
If pregnancy occurs…
Unfortunately, the disease occurs in almost 10% of expectant mothers. At the same time, the statistics do not differ from those recorded among non-pregnant women. Only 1.8% of them have grade 3 dysplasia. Before childbirth, the disease does not progress, and after the birth of the baby, it begins to develop further, but not in all cases. Dysplasia (2-3 degrees) of the cervix, the treatment of which is prescribed by an experienced gynecologist, can “resolve”. When this is the second form, then healing will occur in 40% of cases, if the third - in 30%. In women who do not fall into this category of lucky ones, the disease will either “fall asleep” or continue to attack the body. By the way, other studies indicate that dysplasia progresses in 28% of patients.
Features of the diagnosis of the disease during gestation are due to the physiological changes occurring in the body and the high content of hormones in the blood. In this regard, the flow of arterial blood to the uterus increases, therefore, the membrane of the cervix turns bluish. Under the influence of estrogens, due to the thickening of the stroma, the organ softens and its volume increases. All these processes complicate the diagnosis, but notinfluence the results of analyzes and laboratory tests. Usually, a biopsy is not done for pregnant women. Instead, the doctor carefully takes the smear and sends it for cytological analysis. If there is an urgent need for a biopsy, the specialist usually does not perform a knife procedure, but an intervention with forceps. The material is taken in a minimum amount from the most suspicious areas. A cone biopsy is only considered if cancer is specifically suspected. As for colposcopy, expectant mothers are sent for this procedure only if pathology is detected in scrapings taken before pregnancy.
Forecasts
Usually, the disease in the early stage is cured by itself. The probability of reverse development - regression - depends on the age of the woman, the characteristics of her body, the individual course of the pathological process, and the degree of its severity. That is, the likelihood that the disease will disappear on its own increases if the woman is young. Therefore, waiting tactics are used for teenagers and girls who are under 20 years old.
As for the severity of the disease, then the scheme of reverse development looks like this: a mild ailment disappears in 90% of cases, moderately pronounced - in 50-70%, a severe form of the disease - in 30-40%. There will be no regression if the immune system is weak and cannot cope with the situation that has arisen. In this case, the disease goes into a dangerous stage. Treatment of cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree should be carried out as early as possible:this form very quickly turns into invasive cancer. The doctor himself will assess the degree of risk and make the right decision.
Treatment
The method of surgical interventions can usually eliminate a disease such as cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree. Treatment without surgery has the right to life only with a mild form of the disease. In this case, doctors prescribe immunomodulatory therapy, which is mainly aimed at activating the body's defenses. It is assumed that with the help of various drugs that affect the immune system, it will be possible to launch the mechanism of "self-destruction" of the disease. This helps such medical drugs as "Inosine", "Modimunal", "Pranobex", "Genferon" and others. They are used for relapses of the disease, as well as for extensive lesions of the cervix.
The nature of the treatment depends on the form of the disease. With dysplasia of 1 and 2 degrees, therapy can be quite effective. Taking pills, a woman must regularly visit a gynecologist in order to fully control the healing process. The patient once a quarter takes a smear for cytology, undergoes a routine examination and is sent for other tests if the doctor sees a need for them. If the form of the disease is severe and a precancerous condition is diagnosed, then with the help of the operation cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree is eliminated. Treatment, reviews of which are positive, is carried out by an oncologist. A good specialist will try not only to carry out a surgical intervention, saving the woman from the problem, but also to save it.reproductive function. Unfortunately, if the disease behaves very aggressively, besides, it is neglected, and the body cannot cope with the fight, then the doctor prescribes amputation of the reproductive organ. Regardless of the form of the disease, before any operation, the uterus is sanitized. This is a therapy whose task is to eliminate inflammatory processes as much as possible. As a result of this approach, very often the degree of dysplasia decreases and regression occurs.
Surgery
In what ways does a doctor eliminate such a dangerous disease as cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree? Treatment (surgery) can take place using the following methods:
- Diathermocoagulation - cauterization of the affected areas with electric current. The method is quite cheap and popular. Its disadvantage is soreness and scarring, which during a subsequent pregnancy will prevent the full disclosure of the uterus.
- Cryodestruction - freezing of dysplasia with liquid nitrogen. Such an operation is popular all over the world: it can be done without problems even in the district clinic. In addition, the duration of the procedure is short - about 10 minutes. The downside is the inability to precisely control the degree of tissue freezing. As a result, the same scars are formed that can burst during pregnancy and childbirth.
- Laser vaporization. With its help, you can easily and painlessly remove such an ailment as cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree. Laser treatment has many advantages: the doctor controls the depth of exposure, scarring is practically excluded, blood loss duringsurgery is minimal and healing is fast. But not every medical institution has such modern equipment. Yes, and such a rather expensive surgical intervention should be carried out by a highly qualified doctor. All this makes treatment inaccessible to many potential patients from the provinces.
- Radio wave destruction - exposure to radio wave frequency current. A comfortable and effective method, which provides for the complete restoration of sexual activity, prevents the development of relapse. Disadvantages are similar to those of laser therapy.
It should be remembered that the effectiveness of any operation depends on well-conducted examinations, complex laboratory tests, antiviral and antibiotic therapy.
Folk remedies
With their help, the patient will not be healed if she is diagnosed with cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree. Treatment with folk remedies only helps to improve the situation, to promote recovery, provided that qualified medical therapy is also carried out.
The collection helps a lot: four parts of calendula flowers, three each of nettle leaves and rose hips, two of yarrow, meadowsweet flowers, licorice root, one part of sweet clover herb. We mix the herbs, take one tablespoon and pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist for half an hour. The decoction should be douched throughout the day, or tampons should be soaked in it and inserted into the vagina for 60 minutes.
Other herbal decoctions and tincturesalso have a beneficial effect on the course of a disease such as cervical dysplasia of the 3rd degree. Alternative treatment is aimed primarily at cleansing the body, normalizing its functioning, mobilizing protective forces, restoring immunity. These plants help a lot with this:
- Cat's nail. Reduces inflammation, boosts immunity, has antimicrobial properties.
- Turmeric. Contains a substance that promotes the destruction of cells involved in the formation of cancerous tumors.
- Green tea. Helps with diseases of the genital organs, including damage to the uterus.
- Acerola fruit. Tea from them is useful for tumors of the reproductive system.
Do not forget that before using any traditional medicine, you need to consult an experienced specialist. Self-medication is extremely dangerous, especially for young children, elderly pensioners, pregnant women, nursing mothers, people suffering from acute and chronic diseases.
Prevention
Surgical intervention is required for a certain period of recovery when a patient has grade 3 cervical dysplasia. Treatment after surgery includes antibiotic therapy, antiviral, immunostimulating drugs. As for prevention, it relies on proper nutrition and daily routine. A woman, in order to avoid such problems, needs to give up bad habits, primarily smoking, visit a gynecologist regularly, consume vitamins and trace elements in sufficient quantities.
Remember that a diagnosis is not a sentence. And you don’t need to give up on yourself if you have grade 3 cervical dysplasia. Treatment, reviews of which are positive, will be effective when the problem is detected in a timely manner. So don't let yourself go. Keep an eye on your he alth, periodically go to the gynecologist for a checkup. Sports, gymnastics, outdoor walks, active games help a lot. Physical exercise is a good prevention of any disease, and uterine dysplasia is no exception. In addition, doctors recommend not disregarding their advice and instructions. After all, it has long been proven that the exact implementation of all prescriptions is one of the guarantees of a quick recovery, without consequences for the body. Take care of yourself.
