Papillomas in the mouth - just like on other parts of the body - appear suddenly. When multiple small neoplasms appear on the body, lips, tongue, tonsils and palate, we are usually talking about HPV - the human papillomavirus. Today we will learn about the causes of these growths in the mouth, how to remove them and preventive measures to prevent re-infection.
Causes of HPV
Papillomas in the mouth can appear when the mucous membrane is injured during various dental procedures and prosthetics, or if a person has bad habits such as constantly drinking too hot food or drinks (for example, burning tea).
The risk of HPV infection is very high with a decrease in both general and local immunity. It can also be provoked by prolonged use of antibacterial drugs or hormonal pills. Often, papilloma on the lip or in the oral cavity occurs with chronicdiseases of the gastrointestinal tract and hormonal imbalance.
Types of formations in the oral cavity
Described neoplasms are divided depending on the place of occurrence and form:
- Flat papillomas - appear on the gums. Such formations are slightly pinkish, and their surface is grainy.
- Epithelial papillomas are reddish growths that are soft and mobile to the touch.
- Simple papilloma in the mouth. Photos of this type of education can be seen in our article. It has a pineal shape with a flat base.
- Pointed papillomas (appear during oral sex).
- Filiform warts - formed in any part of the oral cavity. Such growths have a thin stem and are easily injured.
Danger of neoplasms in the mouth
Papillomas in the mouth mainly appear in the throat, on the tongue, tonsils, palatine arches and even on the vocal cords. They can not only cause discomfort, but also pose a serious danger to human he alth.
So, papilloma in the mouth, the photo of which can be seen in this article, can disrupt diction and cause bad breath, but most importantly, it can develop from a benign formation into a malignant one. With the growth of the epithelium, cell growth can become uncontrolled, so it is important to identify a benign formation in time and remove it correctly.
Ways to eliminate build-up
Papilloma in the mouth, the treatment of whichmust be started as soon as it is detected, can be removed by various methods:
- cutting medical loop;
- laser;
- excision of the formation with a scalpel;
- exposure to ultrasound;
- electrocoagulation;
- conchotome;
- radio wave excision.
The most popular method today is the removal of education with a laser.
Manipulation
Before getting rid of papilloma, the patient undergoes tests to exclude the malignant nature of the tumor. The place where the formation is located, the doctor does not treat with anything, does not anesthetize, since laser removal is an absolutely painless manipulation. The patient is put on goggles, and a beam of laser beams is directed at the formation.
Laser removal lasts no more than a minute. Specially directed rays evaporate water in the problem area, the cells shrink and begin to turn into a crust. True, after half an hour the skin turns red and swells, but this is normal. After a few days, this passes, and the crust that appears at the site of exposure disappears on its own within a week.
Advantages and disadvantages of laser treatment
Like any type of treatment, the laser has its advantages and disadvantages. Pros include:
- lack of blood and pain;
- sterility of manipulation;
- short rehabilitation period;
- quickness;
- no risk of further infection;
- no effect on taste perception;
- possibility for a session to remove several papillomas in the mouth.
But there is one drawback in the laser exposure procedure - the high cost of the procedure.
Complex treatment
If a person thinks that oral papilloma can be eliminated with a laser and no more therapeutic measures need to be taken, then this is a delusion. After all, such an outgrowth of a benign nature appears as a result of infection of the whole organism. And this means that you need to get rid of the virus in a complex way, otherwise it can again cause the appearance of papillomas.
For this, doctors prescribe complex therapy, which includes 3 points:
- Cleansing the mouth.
- Antivirus treatment. Routine vaccination (not always performed).
- Strengthening immunity.
And so that the oral cavity does not become a source of constant infection, it is necessary to take all measures so that a person does not have papillomas on the mucosa. To do this, it is necessary to get rid of caries, remove plaque and tartar in time, and also treat inflammatory processes.
Treatment and preventive measures
The use of antiviral agents allows you to influence the cause of neoplasms. At the same time, special preparations reduce the activity of the virus and prevent its further reproduction. Among a large number of such funds, doctors distinguish the followingeffective drugs: Panavir, Famvir, Cycloferon.
To prevent relapse, the doctor may offer the patient a vaccination against the HPV virus. For this, the drug "Gardasil" is most often used. The vaccine contains organic substances that do not cause pain and help the body produce cells of the immune system. They then block the ability of the virus to penetrate into the body. But a person must understand that vaccines help protect against the problem, but they do not eliminate it, so Gardasil is not used for treatment.
The age of vaccination against papillomavirus is limited to 26 years. It is undesirable to vaccinate later, because their effectiveness will be reduced several times. In general, the HPV vaccine helps a person protect himself from the virus for at least 7 years.
How to avoid papillomas
If a person's body's defenses are weakened, then again and again a papilloma may appear on the lip, tongue and other parts of the body. This requires drugs that strengthen the immune system. A specific vitamin complex is prescribed by a doctor.
And as you understand, it is better to prevent any disease than to engage in long and expensive treatment later. To prevent infection with papillomavirus, the following points must be observed:
- Proper daily oral hygiene. Do not use other people's toothbrushes and lipsticks, because they can be infected with the virus.
- Using a condom even for oral sex.
- Full nutrition. Dailya person's diet must necessarily include fresh vegetables and fruits, cereals. He althy food will help strengthen the immune system and prevent the virus from entering the body.
- Regular visits to the dentist. It is the specialist who can detect the problem in time and begin treatment of the benign growth.
Conclusion
Papillomas in the mouth can appear in any person under certain circumstances: reduced immunity, non-observance of personal hygiene rules, after unsuccessful dental procedures, etc.
Today, medicine offers patients to get rid of such growths by several methods, the safest and most effective of which is laser removal. But we must not forget about such rules as good nutrition, timely vaccination against the virus, as well as compliance with the rules of oral hygiene.
