A study on the intestinal group is a bacteriological analysis, during which microorganisms are detected, the vital activity of which can lead to the development of infectious diseases. The biological material is feces. In order for the result of the study to be as reliable and informative as possible, it is necessary to follow some preparation rules. If the obtained indicators do not meet the established standards, the doctor individually draws up a treatment regimen.
What reveals?
Intestinal group analysis is a laboratory type of research that can detect pathogenic microorganisms that pose a threat to the he alth of the patient. In addition, the doctor gets the opportunity to assess the amount of beneficial microflora.
Analysis of the intestinal group allows you to identify the following groups of microorganisms:
- Opportunistic pathogens. Atnormal functioning of the immune system, they are harmless. When the body's defenses are weakened, the process of their active reproduction starts, which leads to the development of all kinds of diseases. Examples of microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Seraphim, Klebsiella, Candida, Cyto- and Enterobacter.
- Pathogenic. This is a large group of bacteria, the vital activity of which poses a threat not only to he alth, but also to human life. Normally, they should not be in the intestines. When they enter the body, the process of their active reproduction starts. Tissues begin to be poisoned by toxic compounds - the waste products of bacteria. This condition is an indication for immediate hospitalization. Examples of microorganisms: Brucella, Salmonella, Eshechiria, Yersinia, Shigella, Neisseria.
- Normal. The task of beneficial microflora is to protect the body from the penetration of pathogens, maintain and strengthen local immunity, and also accelerate the removal of harmful compounds. Under the influence of adverse factors, their functioning is disrupted. Examples of microorganisms: lacto- and bifidobacteria, peptococci, bacteroids, clostridia.
The essence of the method is to place the flora in an artificially created nutrient medium. Microorganisms are observed, then differentiated into species. To clarify the results of the tank. analysis for the intestinal group additionally conduct biochemical tests.
Indications
The study is ordered by the doctor based on the patient's complaints and dataanamnesis. Indications for analysis of the intestinal group:
- Prolonged disturbances in the functioning of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Frequent episodes of constipation.
- Long-term antibiotic treatment.
- The presence of a severe allergic reaction that does not recede during therapy.
In addition, a stool analysis for the intestinal group is required for hospitalization. Also, the study is carried out in persons in the period of rehabilitation after recovery.
Preparation
In order for the results of the analysis for the intestinal group to be reliable, it is necessary to follow medical recommendations for some time before the delivery of the biomaterial.
Preparation for the study involves the performance of certain actions:
- For 7 days you need to stop taking laxatives and antibiotics. Against the background of treatment with these medicines, the intestinal microflora is disturbed. The results of the analysis in such a situation will be incorrect. If the cancellation of drugs is impossible for he alth reasons, you must notify the attending physician about this.
- For 5 days you need to make adjustments to the diet. From the menu it is necessary to exclude products, the use of which can provoke the fermentation process. These include: berries, fruits, vegetables, green beans, fresh milk. It is also necessary to stop drinking alcohol-containing drinks.
- For 7 days, you need to stop inserting rectal suppositories into the rectum.
These rules for preparing for analysis for a pathogenic intestinal group are relevant inboth adults and children.
Biomaterial sampling
Initially, you need to select a container. It must be sterile and tightly sealed. A disposable stool container can be purchased at any pharmacy. The product is sold together with a spoon, making the collection of biomaterial more convenient. Alternatively, you can use a small glass jar with a tight screw cap. But first it must be thoroughly washed and boiled.
Regarding how to take an analysis for the intestinal group, the algorithm of actions will be as follows:
- In the morning, perform an act of defecation. The urge should be natural, it is unacceptable to pre-set a cleansing enema.
- Biological material must be collected from a clean surface. Ignoring this recommendation leads to contamination of feces with foreign bacteria.
- It is desirable to take feces from the middle part of the obtained biological material. If streaks of blood or pus are visualized in the masses, they must also be placed in a container or jar.
- Weight of faeces should not be less than 20 g. This is approximately 3 measuring spoons, which are sold with containers.
- Close the container tightly and sign it.
- Take the container or jar with biomaterial to the laboratory.
Feces are not recommended to be stored. It is desirable to immediately deliver it to the laboratory. If this is not possible, it is allowed to place the biomaterial in the refrigerator. But there hecan stay no more than 4 hours.
Interpretation of results
After 4-6 working days (in state clinics the process can take up to 2 weeks), the patient is issued a certificate. The analysis for the intestinal group should be deciphered by the doctor, however, you can interpret the results yourself.
Regular values for adults and children over 1 year old (expressed in CFU):
- Bifidobacteria - at least 1109.
- Lactobacillus - 1107.
- E. coli - 1-7108.
- Cocci (of the total number of microorganisms) - up to 25%.
- Lactose-negative enterobacter - up to 5%.
Pathogenic flora in the biomaterial should not be. When it is detected, the doctor prescribes the appropriate treatment.
Therapy Schedule
The problem requires an integrated approach. The treatment regimen is based on the results of the analysis of the intestinal group.
General principles of treatment when a large number of opportunistic microorganisms are detected:
- Taking antibiotics. Medicines from this group are prescribed only when the pathogen is identified. In addition, a test for the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics is carried out.
- Taking prebiotics. Necessary for colonization of the intestines by bifidus and lactobacilli.
- Probiotic intake. These preparations contain live forms of beneficial microflora.
- Reception or administration of immunomodulators. The active components of these drugs contribute tostrengthening the body's defenses.
When pathogenic flora is detected in the biomaterial, hospitalization of the patient is indicated. In addition, persons who have been in contact with the patient must also be examined.
Where to return?
Biological material sampling is carried out both in private and public medical institutions. In the latter case, you must first issue a referral for research from a therapist.
You can get results as quickly as possible in independent laboratories, for example, in Unilab or Invitro. Analysis of the intestinal group in commercial institutions is done on average 4 working days.
Cost
The price of the study directly depends on the region of residence, as well as on the level and policy of the medical institution. In independent laboratories, the cost of analysis is an average of 800 rubles.
Research on the intestinal group in public clinics is free of charge. It is enough to present a medical insurance policy when making a referral.
In conclusion
The human intestine is inhabited by several hundred microorganisms. Beneficial bacteria perform a protective function and contribute to the speedy removal of toxic compounds from tissues. Opportunistic flora should normally also be in the intestines, but in small quantities. The vital activity of these microorganisms is dangerous only when they multiply rapidly. There should be no pathogens in the body at all.
An analysis of the intestinal group allows you to estimate the number of certain bacteria. If conditionally pathogenic flora prevails, the doctor prescribes treatment. The therapy is carried out on an outpatient basis. If pathogens are detected, the patient is hospitalized in a hospital. In addition, all persons who have been in contact with the patient recently are subject to examination.
