Thanks to medicines belonging to the category of antibiotics, people manage to defeat infectious diseases. However, these drugs may not be suitable for everyone. In some, they provoke negative reactions that require therapy. This article explains what to do if your child is allergic to antibiotics.
Why does drug sensitivity occur?
Individual drug intolerance is a common pathology. Why is it developing? Allergy contributing factors include:
- Bad heredity.
- Negative reactions of the body to other environmental influences (food, dust, animal fur, plant pollen).
- Comorbidities (Epstein-Barr virus, tumors of the lymphatic system).
In juvenile patients, this disease is commontype of individual intolerance. Often parents are faced with a situation where the child is allergic to antibiotics. The range of such medicines is periodically expanded, and the pharmacy often offers to purchase a new drug to treat babies from infections. The use of a previously unknown agent leads to the appearance of negative reactions. In addition, the instructions for the use of tablets often indicate side effects.
Signs and features of the disease
One of the main types of pathology in both adults and minors is urticaria. With such a reaction, nodules of a white or red hue appear on the surface of the skin. Pimples quickly disappear, but new rashes soon form in their place. This manifestation is explained by the influence of the drug that provokes intolerance, and the increased production of the histamine compound. If, against the background of long-term use of drugs or hypersensitivity to them, a child develops an allergy to antibiotics, experts cancel dangerous pills.
What symptoms indicate the development of pathology?
Signs of individual intolerance lead to changes in the appearance of the skin. If a child is allergic to an antibiotic, it may have the following features:
- Symmetrically located red nodules. Sometimes they merge with each other and form large spots. This rash resembles the skin manifestations of measles. As a rule, such a reaction disappears without the need to discontinue the medication and use drugs withantihistamine action.
- The appearance of large pimples with a red tint. In this case, experts recommend not taking the medicine.
- Inflammatory lesion of the skin, which has a contact character. This pathology develops slowly. Her symptoms do not appear until a few days after starting antibiotic therapy.
- Anaphylactic shock. This reaction is the most severe. Sometimes it develops within a few minutes after taking the medicine. Pathology is accompanied by swelling of the throat, disruption of the myocardium, rashes, a decrease in blood pressure, a feeling of itching and high fever.
- Serum syndrome. Occurs within one to three weeks after the start of therapy. Manifested by fever, discomfort in the joints, rash, increase in the volume of the lymph glands.
- Drug fever. Occurs against the background of the use of the drug and persists for several days after withdrawal. It is characterized by a sudden rise in temperature. The acceleration of the heart rate, as with a typical fever, does not occur.
- Lyell's syndrome. Pathology manifests itself in the form of large blisters on the body, which, opening up, form extensive wounds. This disease is rare and is associated with concomitant infectious processes.
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome. With such a reaction, the patient has an increase in temperature, inflammation occurs on the skin and mucous membranes.
There are typical symptoms by which you can identify an allergy to an antibiotic in a child. On thethe photo clearly shows how the rash looks.
Local reactions
These include:
- The red tint of the skin that occurs when in contact with the sun's rays. The disease is accompanied by itching, the formation of blisters filled with fluid.
- Hives. It is characterized by the formation of nodes that merge into large spots. Usually the rash is located on the surface of the back, arms, peritoneum and face. In rare cases, it covers the entire body.
How does an allergy to antibiotics manifest itself in children other than changes in the appearance of the skin? Sometimes individual intolerance leads to the development of angioedema. Such a reaction is characterized by a red tint and swelling of some areas of the body (face, genitals, larynx, eyes).
Pathology is accompanied by inflammation and itching.
It is not uncommon for a child to be allergic to antibiotics when prescribing strong medications, such as Agumentin, which is used for a middle ear infection.
Diagnostic measures
When symptoms of individual intolerance appear, the child should be shown to a specialist. To determine the substance that provoked a negative reaction, the doctor does allergy tests.
The test consists of placing an antibiotic drug on the skin and making a small scratch on that part of the body. In some cases, it is also necessary to conduct a laboratoryblood test. According to the results of the diagnosis, the dependence of symptoms on the previously used medication is determined.
Therapy
When an allergy to antibiotics occurs in children, treatment consists primarily in stopping the dangerous drug. After the abolition of tablets, mild symptoms of individual intolerance disappear on their own. With a serious ailment, the doctor recommends medicines with an antihistamine effect. In some cases, the child needs a blood purification procedure. What pills are used if the child is allergic to antibiotics? The most famous remedies include:
- Lorano.
- "Loratadine".
- Centrin.
- Enterosorbents to remove harmful compounds from the body ("Polysorb", "Enterosgel", activated carbon).
- Preparations that have a sedative effect (Novo-Passit, Barboval).
- Ointments to eliminate discomfort ("Fenistil", "Bepanten").
- Hormonal drugs ("Locoid", "Prednisolone"). They are prescribed for a severe variety of pathology.
Advice from a famous pediatrician
Some experts argue that there is no such thing as an allergy to antibiotics in a child. Komarovsky believes that if a small patient had previously had a negative reaction of the body to a medicine, it should be combined with antihistamines. In the case when the state of he alth worsened during therapy, you should not explain the malaise with the ineffectiveness of the pills or side effects.
Most often this is the body's reaction to toxins that are released when infectious agents die.
With signs of individual intolerance, a well-known pediatrician advises to fight with the following methods:
- Avoiding contact of the affected area of the body with the external environment.
- Reduce sweating (to do this, avoid excessively warm bed linen and clothes).
- Drinking enough fluids and foods that increase intestinal motility.
- Maintaining the optimal level of humidity (60%) and temperature (20 degrees) in the room where the patient is.
- Inclusion in the regime of the day of walks, physical activity.
- Rejection of things made from synthetic fabrics, household chemicals, which can provoke intolerance.
- Regular cleaning of floors, carpets, down products, toys.
- Using filtered drinking water.
Folk Therapy
If a child is allergic to an antibiotic, what should I do to alleviate the condition? To eliminate discomfort, you can use the following remedies:
- Egg shell mix. Washed and dried raw materials are crushed. You should get a homogeneous mass, to which 6 drops of lemon juice are added. The product is combined with water and consumed over a long period (up to 6 months).
- Ointment made from purified water, ethanol, Anestezin, white clay and zinc oxide. Ingredientsmixed and applied to the surface of the skin.
- Decoction made from mint in the amount of 10 grams and half a glass of hot water. The liquid is infused for half an hour and consumed in the amount of 1 large spoon three times a day.
- Infusion of chamomile in boiling water. The decoction is drunk in the same dosage as the above remedy.
- Celery medicine in the amount of two large spoons and cold water. The mixture must be infused for 2 hours. It is consumed in the amount of a third of a glass 3 times a day, 30 minutes before meals.
- Decoction prepared from celandine in the amount of 1 large spoon and 400 ml of hot water. The medicine is drunk in the morning and evening hours. The recommended single dose is a quarter cup.
Other methods
If children are allergic to an antibiotic, the symptoms of pathology can be alleviated with the following herbs:
- St. John's wort.
- Dandelion rhizomes.
- Gold centaury.
- Horsetail.
- Corn silk.
- Chamomile.
- Rose hips.
A decoction is prepared from the indicated ingredients. Remedies that relieve symptoms of individual intolerance are also made from tricolor violet, string, bittersweet nightshade.
Conclusions
Allergic reactions are common in young patients. It can be caused by an antibiotic. When symptoms of the disease appear, many parents use infusions and decoctions of herbs. Before using such methods, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Folk ways should beadjunct to basic therapy. Therefore, if a child has an allergy to an antibiotic, a rash and other symptoms of pathology, you should not self-medicate.
