In the article we will talk about the disease, which is known as lichen. Microsporia in humans occurs both in childhood and in adulthood. What is this disease, why does it occur, and what are the symptoms inherent in the disease? It should be borne in mind that the sooner therapy is started, the easier it will be to cure the patient.
Description of disease
Microsporia in humans, the photo of which is presented in the article, is an infectious disease. It arises as a result of the vital activity of microorganisms such as microsporia. It was in their honor that the disease itself was named. You need to understand that this disease is contagious. Especially often it affects children, because, due to their small age, they poorly monitor their hygiene. Also, this disease is seasonal. Most often, relapses occur in summer and autumn. In winter, the number of patients with such diagnoses is greatly reduced.
Reasons anddisease mechanisms
Before considering how microsporia is treated in humans, it is necessary to find out the causes of its occurrence. It should be noted that therapy depends on them. This disease is quite common. In popularity, it is second only to fungal diseases that affect the feet. It should be noted that the pathogen, getting into the tissues, begins to multiply very quickly. The described disease most often occurs on the scalp, as well as the skin. Fungal spores can easily grow into the hair follicle. Because of this, the infection spreads quite quickly, further destroying the cuticle.
Methods of transmission
Before you understand how to treat microsporia in humans, it is necessary to understand the methods of its transmission. The most common cause is contact with infected animals or with humans. Often this disease is carried by a cat or dog. That is why children get sick more often than adults. They are the ones who care about pets. Handwashing is a routine that one in three children ignore.
It is quite easy to notice microsporia in an animal, because there are basic signs. Foci of inflammation are found on the paws, ears and muzzle. However, some representatives of pets may not have external manifestations. Skin microsporia in humans can also be transmitted through everyday "communication". Very often, the scales of this disease accumulate on the skin. When they enter the external environment, they can persist for up to three months. That is why, ifa person uses shared items such as bedding, towels, toys and so on, it is possible to get infected even if the patient has already recovered.
Main symptoms
Be sure to consider what are the symptoms of microsporia in humans. It should be noted that the manifestations are quite aggressive when compared with other diseases. The incubation period lasts no more than 7 days. First, a reddish spot appears on the skin, which is a reaction to the ingress of a fungus. But every day it increases in size, and is also distinguished by the presence of clear boundaries. Over time, a roller will form along the edges, which rises above the tissues. The focus of inflammation will take the form of a ring due to the fact that with the course of the disease, the tissues will begin to turn pale. The skin will become flaky.
If we talk about subjective sensations, then itching can be observed in the affected area, but it is not strong. A person may have multiple lesions. If left untreated, they will increase greatly, and eventually affect all he althy areas of the skin. Most often, severe inflammation already at the initial stage of microsporia in humans occurs only in women and children. The fungus mainly affects the neck, chest and shoulders.
Problems with the scalp
It should be noted that microsporia is able to affect the scalp, as a rule, children who are aged 5 to 12 years. However, this does not mean that in a he althier adult age it is impossible to get infected. As with microsporia of smooth skin, in humansreddish spots appear, which swell over time. Most often, with the disease, the presence of two foci at once is observed. They are located in the temporal region, as well as on the crown of the head. May also appear on the crown. Their diameter is up to 5 cm. They have fairly clear edges, the skin is very flaky. A week later, hair problems appear. At first they become brittle and brittle, and then they break and begin to fall out. The fracture line is often located up to 5 cm from the skin. That is why this microsporia is called ringworm.
Diagnostic Methods
Before you start treating microsporia in humans, you need to pay attention to diagnostic methods. Considering that the symptoms of this disease are quite characteristic, the first suspicions of a specialist appear immediately at the first examination. However, some research still needs to be done.
In order to identify the type of pathogen, as well as to understand what drugs will eliminate it, it is necessary to sow the dispute. For this, an artificial nutrient medium is used. You need to do a microscopic examination. If we are talking about the defeat of smooth areas of human skin, then be sure to take the scales of the dead epithelium. If we are talking about ringworm, then use the hair for diagnosis. With the help of special equipment, a specialist detects spores and finds out which mushrooms a person is sick with.
The most simple testing method is the luminescence method. It is carried out indark room using a Woods lamp. If we are talking about fungi, they will glow bright green.
Treatment methods
This article contains photos of microsporia in humans. The initial stage is less serious, so therapy should be started when the first symptoms appear. How quickly and easily the disease will be overcome depends entirely on the stage and severity of the disease. As a rule, lichen formed on smooth surfaces of the skin is cured with special ointments that are designed to fight fungi. Most often they use "Bifonazole", "Terbinafine" and so on.
Also, these areas can be treated with iodine, which can dry out the skin and act as an antiseptic. Some doctors recommend using salicylic ointment, tar and sulfur. They have antiseptic properties, are also able to repair the skin and act as an anti-inflammatory agent.
If we are talking about lichen that has affected the scalp, then the therapy will look a little different. You need to use antifungal drugs, and it is also important to wash your hair at least twice a week. If the process is very widespread, then doctors recommend shaving off the hair. Thanks to this, you can achieve effective results.
Systemic treatment is needed only in severe cases. In this case, a specific antibiotic is prescribed, which is called Griseofulvin. It is made from fungi. Forto speed up the healing process, you can use antifungal drugs, immunomodulators, and so on.
The use of traditional medicine is also not excluded. During treatment, a person must be completely isolated from the world due to the fact that microsporia in humans is quite contagious. Treatment can be carried out both in the hospital and in the outpatient clinic. But in this case, the main thing is to constantly change and wash linen, give the patient your personal belongings and hygiene products, and also constantly disinfect the room in which he is.
Complications of the disease
If the right therapy is chosen in time, no complications will arise. Most often, the consequences are associated with a lack of therapy or with a severely weakened immune system. The most common complication is alopecia. There may also be some bacterial infections. If this is the case, then the affected areas will be severely inflamed. Pustules may also appear.
Festering
Even if a person's microsporia has turned into a purulent form, the treatment regimen still remains the same. However, first of all, you need to use antiseptic and anti-inflammatory ointments in order to reduce inflammation. Next, the doctor prescribes nonsteroidal drugs. If such therapy does not work, then hormonal agents are prescribed. Taking antibiotics is only appropriate if a severe bacterial infection or severe suppuration develops.
Preventive measures
In order for a person to have microsporianever occurred, it is necessary to observe preventive measures. This is pretty important. If you do not comply with sanitary and hygienic standards, then the problem can spread quite quickly. There is currently no vaccine for this disease. That is why it is important to identify patients in time and isolate them from other people.
In children's groups, examinations should be carried out, especially if one child has already been hospitalized with such a diagnosis. All household items must be disinfected. Especially if there is a risk that disputes could remain on them. You also need to constantly tell the child that it is impossible to play with homeless animals. If we talk about pets, then you need to constantly take them to the veterinarian.
Atypical forms of lichen
Microsporia can occur in humans, which affects the nails. It is characterized by the fact that a spot appears closer to the edge of the cut, which eventually becomes white. The lesion becomes quite painful, and the nail becomes soft and crumbles. If the treatment of the disease is carried out incorrectly, then a complication occurs, which is characterized by suppuration. Against the background of the focus, purple-bluish nodules appear, as well as pustules. Body temperature may also rise and lymph nodes may swell.
Aggravated microsporia is a form that occurs chronically against the background of serious diseases in the form of arthritis and tuberculosis. In this case, against the background of peeling, other serious manifestations may occur. Hair fragments can be up to 15 mm, which is quitedangerously. The hairline on the head becomes quite sparse.
Another atypical form is a disease that affects the pubis. It should also be noted that during sexual contact, this disease is easily transmitted to a partner. Given that there is an extensive network of blood vessels in this area, spots appear and affect the labia, thighs and lower abdomen. An infection associated with bacteria may also join, resulting in festering crusts.
Folk treatment
In order to get rid of the disease, it is necessary to use complex treatment, including folk methods. For external use, you can use porridge from onions and garlic. It is necessary to pass their slices through a juicer. Further, the mixture that will be obtained must be applied two to three times a day to the foci of inflammation.
Calendula would be a good option. It is advisable to use not an ointment, but a tincture of its flowers. It is necessary to wipe the diseased areas of the skin with it. You can do this up to 5 times a day. Continue therapy until all symptoms disappear completely.
You can also use black poplar bark. Water is taken in a ratio of 5 to 1, respectively. You can also use it for external use. It is allowed to lubricate up to 4 times a day. Every day you need to carry out this procedure until the symptoms completely disappear.
Tincture can be prepared from birch buds. To do this, you need to take them and alcohol. They are mixed in the proportion of two teaspoons of kidneys per 300 ml of alcohol. Next, you need to give this mixturebrew for about 2 weeks. This tincture is used only in external form. Apply every day to diseased areas should be no more than 5 times. Such folk remedies will help cure the disease that has arisen.
