Every person at least once in his life faced with such a phenomenon as corns. This painful neoplasm is not only uncomfortable, but very often it requires treatment due to the risk of infection. Bloody callus is especially dangerous in this regard.
Types of neoplasms
A callus is a modified skin on a small area of the palm or foot. Neoplasms, as a rule, appear only in these places, due to the fact that they have the roughest and thickest skin. Where the surface layer is thinner, mechanical friction will result in open wounds.
Corn is a thickening of the dermis layer resulting from mechanical action. There are several types of callosities:
- Dry. They are a layer of keratinized dermis of gray or yellow color, which rises slightly above the surface of the skin. Often, dry corn appears gradually: at first a soft growth forms, over time its thickness increases and it hardens. This happens in cases where the mechanical impact is small, butprolonged. A dry mass is almost painless and does not cause much discomfort, but cracks may appear in it over time.
- Rod. A kind of dry callus, but it has a denser core (core) that grows deep into the body and causes severe pain when walking.
- Wet. These calluses look like a bubble with a cloudy, clear, or bloody fluid inside. They are always accompanied by painful sensations and require careful care and timely treatment.
- Bloody callus. This is a type of wet neoplasm, but it is customary to separate it into a separate group, since it is especially painful and requires immediate treatment due to the high risk of infection. They are formed in those cases when a mechanical effect is applied to a skin area near the surface of which there are blood vessels and capillaries.
Mechanical action
The appearance of neoplasms is due to a number of factors. But the most important of them is the mechanical effect (friction or pressure) on the area of thick skin. The type of future callus will depend on its duration and intensity.
If the skin is squeezed or rubbed with little effort, then a dry formation will most likely appear on it. Such a callus on the leg is often called corns. It differs from others in its large size and jagged edges.
Wet or bloody callus occurs when friction or pressure is applied to the areaskin was intense.
Epidermis properties
The formation of a corpus callosum is also influenced by the individual properties of the skin. They can both slow down the development of calluses and speed it up.
- Skin thickness. Calluses most often appear on rough and thick skin. In rare cases, when they form on a thin area of the dermis, it is always a wet, painful formation.
- Moisture of the skin. The coefficient of friction directly depends on it. If the skin is too dry, then the effect will be stronger. A slight increase in humidity will result in a slight film on the surface, making it easier to slip. However, if the humidity increases significantly, then the skin becomes looser and more vulnerable to mechanical stress.
- Rigidity of the dermis. The higher this indicator, the lower the risk of corns.
- Elasticity. The faster the skin recovers from pressure, the less damaged it is.
- Blood supply of the skin. In the event of its violation, for example, due to chronic diseases (vasculitis, diabetes, etc.), the epidermis becomes extremely sensitive to external influences.
Personal Features
The frequency of formation of dry and bloody corns also depends on the individual characteristics of the person. So, with age, the cells of the epidermis are updated much more slowly, because of this, the skin becomes not so elastic and, as a result, more vulnerable to factorsexternal environment.
It has also been proven that the structure of the surface layer in men and women is different: in the stronger sex, the dermis is rougher and tougher, but in the beautiful half of humanity it is more elastic, elastic and more moist. In a combination of factors, men are somewhat less likely to suffer from calluses.
Excess weight also increases the risk of dry and wet formations on the legs.
Other factors
Some diseases increase the likelihood of skin lesions. We have already mentioned diabetes and vasculitis. In addition, all people suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, pathologies of the nervous system, fungal infections, increased sweating, vitamin A deficiency and any diseases associated with a decrease in general or local immunity are at risk.
Even the appearance of corns can provoke a special structure of skin cells, including defective proteins that make the epidermis extremely sensitive to external influences. Also, the condition of the skin depends on climatic conditions: temperature, humidity, intensity of solar radiation.
If we talk about where the mechanical impact comes from, leading to the appearance of dry and bloody calluses on the feet, then shoes are most often to blame. Incorrectly selected, tight, too hard shoes are dangerous in the first few days after purchase. It is during this period that corns most often appear as a response to a traumatic factor.
How to help self-healing
Dry corns almost nevercause problems, and if the action of the traumatic factor is stopped, they will soon heal on their own. Treatment of bloody calluses will require much more manipulation from a person, namely:
- Immediately stop mechanical action on the affected area, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the blister.
- Change shoes. In the summer, it is worth letting the skin “breathe” by wearing sandals or flip flops so that the fluid bubble is open. In winter, you need to change your boots for looser, old and worn ones.
- Reduce the risk of infection: Disinfect the blister and apply a patch or sterile dressing. When sticking the patch, special attention should be paid to ensure that the sticky part does not get into the damaged area.
- Apply ice in gauze, this will temporarily reduce pain.
- Do not use iodine and brilliant green as an antiseptic, these drugs slow down the recovery processes.
- If within a few days the bubble did not begin to heal, then it is worth using more radical treatments: special ointments or creams.
Is it possible to pierce a bloody callus
Wet calluses with liquid do not pierce at home. The risk of infection is too high, even if a sterile needle is manipulated. If piercing is necessary for a number of reasons, for example, because the blister is already infected or because of the large amount of fluid in the bladder, then the medical worker performs this procedure under conditions of absolute sterility.
But it often happens that the blister bursts on its own, due tocareless action. The result is a fresh open wound and should be treated as follows:
- Squeeze out all the liquid, but do not tear off the skin.
- Rinse the wound with plenty of any antiseptic, such as hydrogen peroxide, Miramistin, Furacilin solution, Chlorhexidine, etc.
- In case of severe pain, apply a piece of ice wrapped in a sterile bandage.
- Apply a gauze bandage and change it twice a day, each time treating the wound with an antiseptic.
- Exclude any mechanical impact.
Keep in mind that an open bladder is an open door for infection. And in the case of bloody corns from shoes, the risk of infection increases several times.
Signs of infection
In cases where there is a risk of infection through an open wound, the main thing for a person is to notice the danger in time and start treatment. The following signs indicate infection:
- redness of the skin around the callus, especially if the redness has spread to a large area;
- increase in body temperature in the area of the affected area, as well as a general increase in body temperature;
- pulsation (twitching) of the blister;
- turbidity of the fluid in the bladder (formation of pus);
- puffiness;
- pain sensations not only when moving, but also at rest;
- appearance of red stains on the skin;
- enlarged lymph nodes.
Any of these signs are a reason to seek immediate medical attention.
Medication treatment
If the skin neoplasm does not heal for a long time, then it is time to take more drastic measures. Wet calluses on the heel, foot, palm, fingers or toes are treated only after consulting a doctor. This must be done because there are a lot of drugs. There are healing, softening ointments and creams, there are various antiseptics in order to reduce the risk of wound infection, and there are also various complex preparations.
If you supplement the list of drugs, then, in addition to those antiseptics mentioned earlier, you can use the following tools:
- weak solution of potassium permanganate;
- Streptocid tablets - they are made into gruel and applied to the wound;
- bactericidal patches with therapeutic impregnation - they can be used if the corn is small, since the concentration of drugs in them is low;
- Tetracycline ointment - contains an antibiotic, so it is not recommended to use it without the approval of a doctor;
- "Bensalitin" - a complex ointment for corns.
This list is far from complete, and detailed information about the medicines needed in a particular case can be obtained from a doctor.
Treatment of wet calluses on the heel or dry keratinous formations on the feet often involves their complete removal. This is because it is on the feet that calluses cause the most problems, often they do not go away for many months and cause pain and suffering. In this case, callusesremoved by laser, cryotherapy, or drilled out.
Folk remedies
Home treatments for bloody calluses on fingers, feet and heels - the process is long and immediate results should not be expected. In addition, the effectiveness of traditional medicine is always in question.
Here are popular folk remedies for treating corns:
- S alt baths - s alt dries and slightly disinfects.
- Strong saline dressings.
- Tie an aloe leaf to the affected area at night.
- Baths or herbal compresses: chamomile, calendula or coltsfoot.
- Crushed raw potato compress.
If there is no improvement within a week of such treatment, you should consult a doctor.
How to break in tight shoes at home
I would like to immediately note that you can break in shoes that a little anatomically do not correspond to the shape of the foot. But this does not apply to shoes or boots that are smaller in size. In addition, genuine leather products are easy to stretch, while leatherette does not have the necessary elasticity.
Here's how to break in tight shoes at home:
- Dip the inside in vodka or cologne and walk around the house in it for a few hours.
- Winter boots or boots can be broken in by putting them on a thick woolen sock. This will compress the fur a little and make them looser.
- Stiff leather shoes need to be steamed a little.
- Leatherette stretchstuffed with wet newspapers. Just make sure they don't get deformed.
- If your shoes haven't broken in in a few days and continue to hurt your feet, discard them. Purchase within 14 days can be returned to the store.
This way you will protect your feet from the formation of calluses.
