Amenorrhoea is usually called the absence of menstruation for six months or more. Amenorrhea is not necessarily an independent disease, it can be a symptom of various pathologies of the reproductive system or a consequence of various neuroendocrine diseases, malignant and benign neoplasms.
According to the medical classification, the disease is divided into primary and secondary amenorrhea.
Primary amenorrhea refers to a delay in menarche, as well as other signs of normal sexual development under the age of 14 years, the absence of menstruation up to 16 years with normal signs of sexual development. Secondary amenorrhea - delay in menstruation for more than 3 cycles in a row (against the background of previous normal menstruation).
The main symptoms of amenorrhea are considered to be the absence of normal physiological menstruation and normal fertility, autonomic dysfunction, androgen excess. Differential diagnosis is very important here, which helps to determine that it is amenorrhea that is present. Treatment is usually carried out in two stages. The first stage is the identification of specific causes of amenorrhea. The second stage is considered to be the direct selection of corrective measures.
Amenorrhoea: treatment in practice
The choice of treatment option always depends on the exact identification of etiological factors. Long-term hormonal therapy is shown as the main option for getting rid of almost all types of amenorrhea, the task of which is to stimulate the normal functioning of the hypothalamus-pituitary system. Amenorrhea, the treatment of which is quite successful, usually disappears without a trace. Especially when prescribing the following groups of drugs:
- which contain a synthetic substitute for the hormone of the follicular phase - estrogen (for example, "Folliculin", "Estrofem" and "Divigel" - such drugs are indicated for women with endocrine system disorders, they can also be prescribed to girls with a delay normal sexual development);
- drugs that include a synthetic analogue of the luteal phase hormone - progesterone (for example, Norkolut, Duphaston and Utrozhestan - these drugs have been used in the treatment of both primary and secondary amenorrhea);
- analogues of the polypeptide hormone of the hypothalamus - gonadoliberin (these hormones are called gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH), among them, for example, Cyclomat is effective - this drug is recommended for women with polycystic ovaries, it induces the process of ovulation and helps a womanget pregnant); drugs of this group help well when secondary amenorrhea is detected, the treatment of which is to eliminate disturbances in the functioning of the neuroendocrine system;
- combined estrogen- and progestogen-containing oral contraceptives (COCs), for example, Janine, Regulon and Diane-35 (these drugs are recommended for polycystic ovary syndrome).
The duration of treatment with hormonal drugs always depends on the specific situation. In parallel with hormonal therapy, homeopathic preparations, for example, Remens, Klimadinon and Mastodinon, can also be prescribed. In more severe cases (as well as with the ineffectiveness of hormonal treatment), surgical intervention may be indicated, it is prescribed strictly according to the indications of a specialist.
