Drug manufacturers now offer a wide range of antibiotics, antimicrobials and bacteriostatics. Some of them have a wide spectrum of action, others fight only with certain microorganisms. It is forbidden to take such medicines on their own, because the consequences of therapy can be very different. Today's article will tell you about the Ampicillin remedy. Instructions for use, reviews, analogues and the correct way to use will be presented to your attention.
Let's make a reservation right away that the information received should not encourage you to self-medicate. If you have he alth problems and need serious medicines such as antibiotics, then you should definitely seek medical help. Only in this case there is a chance for a quick recovery.
Preview: release form, cost and composition
The active substance of the drug is a compound called ampicillin trihydrate. Analogues of this antibiotic may have the same namecomposition or differ in components. You will learn about them later in the article. "Ampicillin" is most often produced in the form of tablets and powder. The latter is intended for intramuscular or intravenous administration. The solution must first be prepared. How to do it right - the instructions describe in detail. Less commonly, suspension can be found on sale.
The cost of medicine is affordable. Means "Ampicillin" has long been present on the pharmacological market. You can buy it without a prescription. Tablets in the amount of 20 pieces of 250 milligrams will cost you about 20 rubles. Depending on the manufacturer, the price may slightly shift up or down. You can buy a bottle of powder for injection for 15 rubles. At the same time, the content of ampicillin in such a container may differ: 200, 250, 500 and 1000 milligrams.
How does Ampicillin work?
The drug "Ampicillin" refers to antibacterial semi-synthetic drugs of the penicillin series. The tool has a wide spectrum of action, so it is often prescribed to patients without prior seeding for sensitivity. The drug inhibits the synthesis of a bacterial cell, which has a bactericidal effect.
The active substance is effective against many aerobic microorganisms, both gram-positive and gram-negative. The drug also has a downside. It is not able to suppress the growth of bacteria that produce penicillinase. Unfortunately, there are a lot of them now. Often, these microorganisms are formed due to the improper use of antibiotics. It's stillonce again proves that you can’t self-medicate, but you need to turn to doctors for help.
Substitutes for the penicillin series
Can I choose analogues of "Ampicillin" on my own? All doctors and people with medical education answer this question unanimously: it is impossible. The fact is that some substitutes have a narrow spectrum of action, they may be ineffective in a certain situation. If for some reason you cannot use the prescribed Ampicillin, new generation analogues or outdated substitutes should be recommended by a doctor.
You already know that the drug belongs to the penicillin group. Therefore, an alternative medication is often chosen from it. If we talk about drugs in which the active ingredient is ampicillin trihydrate, then the following funds can be distinguished: Zetsil, Stanzacillin, Penodil, Purcillin, Pentrexil and so on. Recall that the drug "Ampicillin" can be produced by different manufacturers. Therefore, its trade name is also modified: "Ampicillin trihydrate", "Ampicillin sodium s alt", "Ampecillin Innotek".
You can replace the remedy with penicillin antibiotics with other active ingredients. In this case, Ampicillin analogues will contain the following active ingredient:
- amoxicillin (Augmentin, Ecobol, Flemoxin);
- phenoxymethylpenicillin ("Cliacil", "Ospen");
- oxacillin ("Prostaflin");
- piperacillin ("Picellin", "Pipraks") and others.
Other alternative: popular antibiotics
Analogues of "Ampicillin" may have other active ingredients. These are drugs belonging to other groups of antibiotics. Often they are chosen as a substitute when an allergic reaction is detected in a patient. Some medicines belong to the new generation of antibiotics. So, the remedy "Ampicillin" has the following analogues.
- Cephalosporins: Cefatoxime, Ceftriaxone, Suprax.
- Macrolides: Sumamed, Wilprafen, Klacid.
- Tetracyclines: Minoleksin, Unidox, Tygacil.
- Aminoglycosides: "Gentamicin", "Neomycin", "Streptomycin".
- Lincosamides: "Nerolen", "Dalacin" and many others.
Indications for use and restrictions on the use of "Ampicillin"
Absolute analogues of "Ampicillin", like the penicillin antibiotic itself, are often prescribed for bacterial lesions of the respiratory tract: bronchitis, pneumonia. The drug is used in ENT practice for infections of the nose, throat and ear. It is prescribed for bacterial diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system. The indication for use will be meningitis, sepsis, skin diseases, rheumatism.
Before using the Ampicillin antibiotic, analogues or new generation substitutes, it is important to read the instructions. Pay special attention to contraindications and adverse reactions. So, for example, the drug "Ampicillin" is unacceptable to use with high sensitivity to its components, allergies to other penicillinantibiotics. Contraindication will also be infectious mononucleosis, liver and blood diseases. The medicine is ineffective against viral pathologies.
"Ampicillin": instructions for use
Analogues of the drug always have a different way of using. Pay special attention to this. Incorrect use of an antibiotic entails the most unexpected consequences: from the ineffectiveness of the drug to death. You already know that Ampicillin is available in two forms: tablets and injections (you can find a suspension, but it is not so popular). How to use them correctly?
- Pills are prescribed in the amount of 1 to 2 grams of active ingredient per day (divided into 4 doses). For children, the medication is prescribed in accordance with body weight. It is not recommended to use tablets for treating babies.
- In the form of injections, the drug is prescribed for adults at 250-500 mg every 4 or 6 hours (depending on the infection and the severity of the condition). For the treatment of children, "Ampicillin" is used in a portion of 25 to 50 mg of the drug per kilogram of body weight. It is important to take precautions and asepsis rules when giving an injection.
The duration of treatment is determined individually, but it should not be less than five days. The maximum daily dose of medicine for an adult is 4 grams in the form of tablets, and in the form of injections - 14.
Treatment during pregnancy and lactation
Some analogs of "Ampicillin" are approved for use during pregnancy,but only by indications. In most cases, these are penicillin rad preparations. Macrolides may also be prescribed to expectant mothers, but this happens less frequently. The drug "Ampicillin" is permissible to use during pregnancy as directed by a doctor. It is necessary to refrain from taking an antibiotic only in the first trimester. For expectant mothers, the medicine is prescribed in an individual dosage according to a certain scheme.
It has been proven that the active substance - ampicillin trihydrate - is able to penetrate into breast milk. Therefore, there is a possibility of getting the drug into the child's body. If there is a need for treatment during lactation, then the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be considered.
Additional information about the medicinal product
If you use an analogue of "Ampicillin" in tablets along with the original antibiotic, the effect of both drugs can be significantly enhanced. Therefore, it is important to choose the right therapy. Do not combine "Ampicillin" with new generation antibiotics and other similar agents that have a bactericidal effect.
Because the drug suppresses the intestinal microflora, it can cause digestive problems. Diuretics, sorbents and laxatives reduce the absorption of the antibiotic. Ascorbic acid, on the contrary, increases it. Please note that the medicine reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Negative effects of therapy
The drug is not a new generation of antibiotics. It does not pass advancedcleaning. Therefore, the drug can cause a number of negative reactions. Among them, the most frequent:
- indigestion, nausea, vomiting;
- intestinal dysbiosis, diarrhea or constipation;
- fungal lesions of the oral cavity, genitals, skin;
- allergic reaction in the form of edema, hives, shock.
Allergy to Ampicillin
An analogue of "Ampicillin" (in injections or tablets - it doesn't matter) from the penicillin group, like the drug itself, often provokes allergies. However, it can have a variety of manifestations. If you have ever experienced such a reaction, you need to remember. In the future, when prescribing antibacterial drugs, be sure to report this fact to the doctor.
The most common allergy to "Ampicillin" is manifested by a skin rash. Small sores can be located throughout the body or in separate areas. It also causes joint pain and tightness of the skin. Swelling occurs less frequently. If an allergy occurs, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible, do not take the next dose of medication. Further therapy involves the use of sorbents and antihistamines. It is also necessary to choose an analogue of the antibiotic.
"Ampicillin" and alcohol
What else does the instruction tell about the drug "Ampicillin"? Analogues of the penicillin series, as well as the described antibiotic itself, the annotation does not recommend combining with alcoholic beverages. Such combinations increase the likelihood of side effects. In addition, ethanol in combination with"Ampicillin" adversely affects the liver and stomach. The combination of chemicals can simply deactivate the effect of the drug.
Despite this fact, some consumers manage to skip a couple of drinks during treatment. Patients say that nothing terrible happened to them. In fact, it's just luck. Perhaps the consequences will still manifest themselves in the future.
Antibiotic reviews
What are the opinions of patients about this remedy? In most cases, the drug is effective. It allows you to quickly get rid of the problem. Already on the second day of taking the antibiotic, there is a noticeable improvement. At the same time, the drug also has negative sides. Therapy with this remedy is long-term, while there is a negative effect on other organs. Almost all patients say that when using Ampicillin tablets, a violation of the digestive function occurs. For its further recovery, a course of probiotics is required. This is not cheap, despite the affordable cost of Ampicillin itself.
In recent years, doctors try not to prescribe the described medicine. He was replaced by new improved medicines. Antibiotics of the new generation are being more thoroughly purified. Due to this, they rarely cause side effects, do not have a toxic effect on the patient's body. Some drugs contain a combination of substances that enhance their effect, for example, Amoxiclav or Augmentin.
Summarize
From the article you learned about a long-invented and already outdated antimicrobial drug called "Ampicillin". Reviews, analogues of this medicine and the way it is used - we talked about all this in detail. Despite the fact that you now know a lot about the drug, you should not self-medicate. Remember that antibiotics are completely useless (and even harmful) for viral infections. Most colds are caused by viruses. Good he alth to you!
