The first sign of a problem in the body is pain. Any unpleasant or painful sensations give a signal that the organ that brings discomfort needs attention. Diseases of the uterus occur without obvious symptoms, because most of the reproductive organs do not have pain receptors.
Women in most cases at the gynecologist's appointment are very surprised that something threatens their he alth. Such diseases that occur without pain include cervical ectopia.
What does the scary word "ectopia" mean?
The main reproductive organ of a woman's body is the uterus. It consists of several sections: neck, body and fundus. They are covered with a cylindrical tissue, with a disease, the covers change their location. If you are faced with a question, cervical ectopia - what is it, you can see the photo in special medical textbooks. This is a disease whose hallmark is an atypical arrangement of cells. Pathology can only be detected through examination in the gynecological chair. This is not a malignant disease, which then does not become cancerous. There are several types of ectopia:
- Chronic and acquired.
- Without complications and complicated.
- Glandular and papillary.
1) Chronic ectopia of the cervix is diagnosed in adolescence, and the patient remains under medical supervision. The disease has no symptoms, so it does not make itself felt, but when a girl enters the reproductive age, complications are very difficult to exclude, the worst of them is infertility.
Acquired ectopia has many reasons for its occurrence. The main one is hormonal changes. If the first menstruation appears before the age of 12, then this means that the menstrual cycle or reproductive function has been disturbed, which means that cervical ectopia also occurs. In addition, if the body is weakened by a lack of vitamins, other diseases and low immunity, then all this can become the basis for the occurrence of ectopia.
2) Uncomplicated has no consequences. With such an ectopia of the cervix, treatment is not required, since this is not a disease. It is only necessary to conduct frequent examinations by a gynecologist in order to prevent the occurrence of pathologies.
Complicated ectopia implies the occurrence and development of inflammation in the body. The cervix swells, it is easy to damage it and spread the infection to other organs.
3) Based on the structure of the affected tissue, ectopia is divided into:
- Glandular. The glands of the columnar epithelium are inflamed.
- Papillary. Affected cells form small papillomas.
-Epidermic. Cells of inflamed flat tissues of a flat shape are introduced between the cylindrical ones, while displacing them. The cervix is thus restored. And in this case, it is possible to do without treatment.
Why does ectopia occur?
The cervix for convenience is divided into the vaginal part and its canal. The covering of fabrics in different parts, respectively, is completely different. The vagina is covered by stratified epithelium, and the cervix is cylindrical. When a woman enters reproductive age, the hormonal background of a woman changes. The content of hormones in the blood increases. Therefore, the peak of the occurrence of pathologies falls on the age of 17-35 years.
Causes of disease:
- If the woman is using hormonal contraceptives or has thyroid disease.
- Frequent sexual intercourse with unverified partners.
- Hormon surge due to pregnancy. In pregnant women, the disease is observed especially often.
- If the uterus has been injured due to childbirth, abortion or genital surgery.
- Infection or inflammation. The structure of the mucosa is disturbed due to secretions containing many bacteria.
- Cervical ectopia can be caused by severe trauma. They can occur during early childbirth, or when the girl began to have sex early.
- Cervicitis - inflammation in the cervix.
Symptoms of disease
In most cases, ectopia of the cervix proceeds without obvioussymptoms. The disease is very difficult to diagnose on your own.
After an active intimate relationship has begun, childbirth has occurred, or the body has had a hard time with an abortion, as a rule, the disease can occur as a result. Most often, patients come to see a doctor. So, what are the signs of cervical ectopia can be observed:
- Strange discharge. Abundant, brightly colored or, conversely, faded, there is an unpleasant odor and a strange texture. This is one of the clearest and very first indicators that the body needs support, and something is wrong with it.
- Pain in the back and lower abdomen.
- Menstruation. It can be very abundant or, conversely, not pronounced. Both let you know that there are hormonal disruptions.
- Bleeding after intercourse. This means that there is damage on the surface of the cervix.
Also, signs of cervical ectopia of the cervix include:
- Discomfort when urinating.
- Pain during sex.
- Sensations of itching and pain in the genitals.
- Bleeding that is not related to menstruation.
The main thing to remember is that the symptoms of cervical ectopia are quite subjective. They are common to many other sexually transmitted infections.
Diagnosis and treatment of disease
Many women may be wrong about ignoring the symptoms of an upcoming disease. But even small damage to the epithelium can grow into a large one.disease.
After all of the above, the question arises of how to treat cervical ectopia. Not everything is as difficult as it seems. First you need to establish the cause of the disease through an examination or colposcopy.
Vaginal ultrasound will allow you to see damage that is deeper. A smear is taken on the microflora of the cervix, the presence of viruses or fungi is checked, and various infections are also determined. A bacterial culture is performed to determine the type of bacteria.
A polymerase chain reaction study is underway. It helps to accurately determine the type of infection that is present in the body. CBC and urinalysis will show the content of leukocytes, that is, the presence of infection.
To determine the degree of development of the disease, it is required to take a tissue scraping from the cervix. If cells of an atypical structure are found, a biopsy is required and it is desirable to conduct a histological examination.
Treatment of cervical ectopia
The disease is treated already when its complications have arisen.
If an infection in the body is detected, then the patient needs to prescribe antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. If the disease is of an infectious nature, then it is treated with antifungal and immunity-enhancing drugs. Lactobacilli and drugs to restore the internal microflora of the body are prescribed in the presence of vaginal dysbacteriosis.
Ectopia can be caused by hormonal imbalances in the body. They can be corrected by hormonal contraceptives or Duphaston.
If the gynecologist, after examining,observes visible and global damage to the organ, then the immediate intervention of the surgeon will be required. If a cyst is found in the vagina, then you need to open it and, removing the contents, cauterize it. Polyps are removed in a slightly different way. They can be frozen, cauterized by electric current or removed by laser.
Treatment of cervical ectopia in nulliparous women should be the least traumatic. These include laser cauterization, destruction by radio waves. The main thing to remember: it is impossible for scars to remain on the surface of the cervix, this can provoke adhesions, for this, treatment methods should be considered in more detail.
Surgery with radio waves
Pain during the procedure is weak, pulling. No scars or scars remain.
The procedure is as follows. Passive electrodes are placed under the patient's gluteal muscles, and a thin electrode is inserted into the vagina, and the doctor begins to treat the cervix using radio waves from 3.8 to 4.1 megahertz. When penetrating into the affected epithelium, radio waves begin to dry it out. This method is most popular for those women who have not yet given birth and plan to have offspring in the future, because the laser-treated tissues do not scar.
Cold treatment
This method is also called cryodestruction. During the procedure, anesthetics are not required, as pain is minimal.
Before starting the process, the doctor processes the cervix in order to highlight the damaged areas, thenthe cryoprobe, or rather its tip, is tried on to the cervix. Thus, the doctor checks whether the instrument fits snugly into the damaged area. If the tip completely covers the cervix, then the procedure can begin. Treatment occurs in several stages of freezing and further thawing of damaged areas. The procedure is more than 85% effective.
Moxibustion
This method is not suitable for every sick patient, as it is quite painful, and the tissues begin to scar after the procedure. Before proceeding with the operation, the doctor cuts the cervix with painkillers. For the procedure, a unit is used, which is called a thermocautery. They cauterize the upper layer of the mucosa, thus allowing the appearance of he althy cells. This method has been around for a long time, but that doesn't make it any less effective.
Laser treatment
Like moxibustion, laser treatment is painful and you have to anesthetize the organ. This practice was introduced not very long ago. This treatment is very precise and does not affect intact tissue. Typically, this method of treatment is prescribed in almost all cases of ectopia. The recovery rate is between 89 and 98%.
How to behave after surgery?
After the operation, you should not neglect some rules for caring for your body. First of all, you should refrain from intimacy for a month. Ariseschance of damaging healing tissues. Also try to carry less weight. Overexertion of the body can delay recovery for a long time.
When menstruating, try not to use tampons. The damaged surface is very susceptible to infection, which can cause inflammation again.
If spotting occurs after exposure to the laser, then this is a wake-up call that obliges you to see a doctor.
Herbal treatment
After medical intervention, it will not be superfluous to restore the microflora of the body. Raspberry, mint, thyme infusions can help well, which start enhanced healing processes in the body.
Decoctions of licorice, golden mustache leaves, chamomile and fennel are great for douching.
The most effective and effective means include honey. It is used by the applicative method with the help of impregnated tampons. Honey increases the body's resistance to pathogenic bacteria. The main thing is to take into account the individual tolerance of honey by the body.
Sea buckthorn oil increases the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, brings the hormonal balance back to normal. And inflammatory processes magically disappear and have no further development. Based on reviews of cervical ectopia, sea buckthorn oil is one of the most effective remedies for the disease.
Treatment can be done with propolis. It is a sticky substance produced by bees. Propolis is valued for its healing properties and preventioncancer.
Another folk remedy is mummy. Hard and brittle mineral, easily soluble in water. It has a pronounced analgesic effect, antiseptic and antiviral effect. Can be used as an ointment or infusion.
Calendula has a disinfecting and healing effect. Also, the plant is easy to find throughout Russia.
Disease prevention
In order to prevent the development or occurrence of the disease, it is imperative to follow the recommendations of the attending physician:
- One of the main rules is to lead a he althy lifestyle. Proper nutrition and maintaining immunity will help get rid of many diseases.
- It should be remembered that in no case should you self-medicate, if you have problems, you should consult a doctor.
- Use condoms for protection during sexual intercourse. And in general, refrain from unprotected and casual sex.
- Regular check-ups with a gynecologist to prevent any diseases of the reproductive system in principle.
- Be sure to follow the rules of intimate hygiene.
- If intrauterine devices are used, then you should choose only high-quality ones and change them in a timely manner.
- Do not douche with or without. Don't forget ascending infection.
- For intimate hygiene, non-perforated products should be used.
The main thing is to remember simple truths. He alth followscherish and cherish. No self-medication prescription can replace professional medical advice.
