Loss of molars can cause many problems, both aesthetically and worsening the condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Artificial teeth are not a luxury at all, but a necessary component for people who want to maintain their he alth. What can modern dentistry offer to restore the dentition? What types of dentures do doctors offer?
Prosthetic Options
Even in the last century, a sign of prosperity for many was the installation of gold crowns and teeth. As a cheaper option for prosthetics, metal alloy products were used. As you understand, there was little aesthetics in such prosthetics, but many had to install such solid structures even on the front teeth. This was due to the fact that porcelain or ceramic prostheses were virtually inaccessible to the average consumer, and plastic was considered short-lived. Now, such options are used to save money when restoring teeth that are invisible when smiling.
Today, if a professional takes over, artificial teeth are completely indistinguishable from natural ones. For each patient, the doctor can choose the best option that suits both in terms of quality, appearance, and price.
Depending on the number of damaged or lost teeth, the doctor offers 2 fundamentally different types of prosthetics:
- Dental crowns that are fixed on your own teeth or mounted on an implant or post.
- Artificial teeth, installed in place of missing teeth in the form of bridges or other structures.
It must be understood that only a professional can evaluate which prosthetic option is suitable for the patient. Well, if the damage is small, and a crown can be used. An artificial tooth or a bridge of several elements will take longer to deal with. Depending on the financial capabilities of the patient, the doctor will select the material from which the denture will be made.
Material for prosthetics. Plastic
Crowns and removable or permanent plastic dentures can be considered the most budgetary option for restoring the dentition. This type of prosthetics has a number of advantages and disadvantages. Benefits include:
- low price;
- speed of production;
- aesthetics of prostheses;
- light design.
Main material flaws:
- short structural life;
- probability of cracking;
- risk of allergy to artificial polymers;
- accumulation of microorganisms and food particles in the porous structure of the prosthesis;
- color change;
- large degree of turning of teeth undercrown.
Artificial plastic teeth are often used as a temporary option for prosthetics. They are worn during the production of more complex designs from other materials.
Metal-plastic
This is a more difficult product to make. With such prosthetics, the metal crown is covered with a layer of plastic matched to the color. The combination of materials enhances strength and prolongs the life of the prosthesis, and in addition, it looks quite organic.
Metal-plastic is often used in prosthetics with pin crowns. This allows you to save a he althy root in case of loss of the upper part of the tooth.
The service life of metal-plastic structures is somewhat higher than that of plastic crowns and prostheses. The integrity of the material and the appearance of the product is maintained for up to five years.
Porcelain
Setting artificial teeth made of porcelain is one of the most popular types of fixed prosthetics. These designs are made of pressed ceramics. One of the advantages of the product is the absence of metal impurities. Prosthetics can be carried out even for allergy sufferers who react poorly to polymers and metal alloys.
The manufacturing technology of porcelain dentures involves pressed casting of the workpiece and high-temperature firing of the finished product. The result is a very durable construction that will serve the owner for many years. Porcelain front teeth look absolutely natural, giving a person self-confidence. Lateral chewing premolars andmolars withstand heavy loads without damage.
In the case of dental porcelain, artificial teeth are as close as possible to the structure of natural enamel. This allows you to create the perfect smile. Porcelain crowns will not darken, they will not stain, and it is visually impossible to distinguish them from natural teeth.
The disadvantage of porcelain prosthetics is that it is impossible to perform bridge structures. An additional disadvantage is the high cost.
Metal ceramics
For bridge prosthetics, cermet is considered the optimal material. This is a more complex structure made of a metal frame covered with a layer of dental porcelain. Such a product is mounted on supports, and is able to withstand a large load. Thus, it is possible to restore the dentition by filling in the empty gaps.
Maximum strength of the product is achieved by layer-by-layer application of porcelain on the metal base of the prosthesis. In addition, each layer is fired in a high-temperature furnace.
The disadvantage of such prosthetics is that the abutment teeth are depulped and worn down. And the advantages, in addition to the above qualities, include the low traumatism of the prosthesis for the gums, the possibility of minor repairs without removing the product.
Prosthetics on implants
Dentists have perfected artificial dentures for several centuries. The pinnacle of progress today is prosthetics on implants. This work has three components:
- Into the patient's jawan artificial titanium root is implanted, that is, an implant.
- The abutment is fixed in the implant, that is, the upper part of the structure, connected to the artificial root with a conical or hexagonal joint.
- The coronal part of the tooth, made of metal ceramics or ceramics, is fixed on the abutment.
This type of prosthetics allows you not to spoil the teeth adjacent to the structure by grinding. The load on the jaw when installing the implant is distributed as physiologically as possible. In fact, artificial teeth on implants behave like real ones, and in addition to this, there is no competition in aesthetics for such prosthetics today.
