Many modern women have been trying to conceive for a long time without success. This phenomenon can be explained by numerous factors, among which the most common causes are infectious and inflammatory processes of the reproductive system. One of these pathologies is cervical dyskeratosis. This disease requires the most serious attitude to yourself and immediate treatment, as it can lead to irreparable consequences.
Some information
This disease in medicine has another name - leukoplakia. It implies an abnormal process that contributes to the degeneration of the squamous epithelium of the walls of the cervix and vagina. In the normal state, the cervix has a multilayer coating that does not have the ability to keratinize. When leukoplakia occurs, white growths may develop on the mucous membrane, the epithelium gradually dies off and looks like ordinary skin.
Among other things, cervical dyskeratosis belongs to the category of precancerous pathologies, therefore it requiresimmediate diagnosis and appropriate therapy. The epithelium is subject to fairly rapid division, and with leukoplakia, this natural process can become uncontrolled, which will provoke accelerated tumor growth. If we talk about the most serious consequence of cervical dyskeratosis, it is cancer. So it’s not worth starting a pathology and self-medicating.
Reasons for appearance
It is difficult to talk about specific prerequisites for the development of dyskeratosis. However, doctors identify several factors that can affect the onset of an abnormal process. These include:
- lowered immunity;
- incorrectly chosen treatment regimen for ectopia on the cervix;
- too high concentration of hormones in the bloodstream;
- injury to the reproductive organs from surgical or gynecological devices, such as during an abortion or surgery;
- chronic pelvic inflammatory disease;
- presence in the female body of some pathogenic bacteria and viruses, such as Epstein-Barr or HIV;
- diathermocoagulation of the uterus;
- past sexually transmitted diseases.
The biggest danger is inflammatory pathologies that are not treated properly. Often, cervical dyskeratosis arises after an undeveloped pregnancy, which requires surgical intervention and curettage of the cavity. Moreover, such a process often entails the same inflammation.
Types of pathology
Doctors distinguish two types of dyskeratosis of the epithelium of the cervix.
- A simple shape. Such a disease is difficult to diagnose, since this requires the use of instrumental techniques. Pathological epithelium is located on the surface of the cervix and does not stand out in any way.
- Scaly type. During a gynecological examination, a specialist can notice this form of leukoplakia with the help of mirrors. It is simply unrealistic not to see plaques that rise significantly above the neck and differ in shade.
It is difficult to make a specific diagnosis immediately after the examination, so more research is needed. If minor foci of degeneration of the integument are detected, then a Schiller test is taken, which involves staining with iodine. Paint is not taken on damaged areas.
In the presence of large lesions, a biopsy is mandatory, which allows you to take a piece of tissue and conduct a histological examination. In some cases, scraping of the epithelium is necessary to detect precancerous processes.
Clinical picture
It is rather problematic to recognize and make a specific diagnosis in the early stages of the pathology due to its asymptomatic course. In addition, the situation is complicated by the irregularity of gynecological examinations in the lives of modern women.
However, as the anomaly progresses, several specific symptoms may be noticed:
- bleeding between periods;
- appearance of blood droplets after intimacy;
- appearance of secretions with a characteristic odor;
- constant copious discharge.
Signs of cervical squamous dyskeratosis can mimic the clinical picture of many other diseases. That is why you should not independently determine your diagnosis and, moreover, prescribe medications.
Dyskeratosis and pregnancy
In general, every woman should undergo systematic examinations by a gynecologist not only after conception, but also during the planning of a child. This is the only way to avoid many unpleasant consequences for both the mother's body and the future of the baby.
Preparing for pregnancy, a woman must know for sure that her reproductive organs are really ready for this. First of all, you should go to the gynecologist and make sure that there are no infectious and inflammatory pathologies. If a woman is diagnosed with cervical dyskeratosis during a routine examination, pregnancy will need to be postponed until cured.
Actually, this defect does not affect the process of conception in any way, however, taking into account the potential danger of this disease for the he alth of the expectant mother, it is best to undergo appropriate therapy. If the disease is diagnosed already during the period of gestation, then you should not panic prematurely. After all, the child is not in serious danger, and the pathology will not affect labor activity.
During pregnancythe female body is subjected to a double load, while the immune system weakens, which can cause accelerated degeneration of abnormal cells into oncology.
General principles for the treatment of cervical dyskeratosis
It is impossible to choose a universal therapy for all for leukoplakia. The treatment method is always chosen on an individual basis, taking into account some features:
- woman's age;
- type of virus diagnosed;
- reproductive system capabilities;
- shape and dimensions of tumors on the cervix;
- stage of pathology;
- presence of comorbidities.
Cervical dyskeratosis needs an integrated approach to therapy, only in this way can truly good results be achieved. For successful treatment, it is extremely important to identify the cause that provoked the development of an abnormal process.
Before starting therapy, it is imperative to perform a biopsy, which will make it possible to exclude a malignant form of the disease.
Modern medicine offers several treatments:
- drug;
- surgical;
- destructive.
The last type can be attributed to:
- laser coagulation;
- diathermocoagulation;
- radio wave therapy;
- cryogenic exposure.
If the initial cause of leukoplakia was found during the examination, it is first necessary to eliminateexactly her. Inflammation should be stopped, and after that proceed with further therapy.
Prescribing drugs
In a mandatory order, a woman is prescribed medicines that are necessary for:
- immunity strengthening;
- normalize the microflora of the vagina;
- stopping the inflammatory process;
- reducing the activity of various pathogenic bacteria and viruses;
- eliminate pathogens.
Prescribed drugs that have a restorative effect on epithelial cells. These funds include:
- prebiotics and probiotics;
- immunomodulatory drugs;
- hormonal pills;
- analgesics;
- anti-inflammatory drugs;
- antibacterial drugs;
- vitamin complexes;
- antiviral.
As for surgery, it is used only in the advanced stages of leukoplakia or when the pathology began to degenerate into cancer. In such situations, diathermoconization is used, which involves the complete removal of the damaged area of the cervix along with adjacent tissues.
Further forecast
Taking into account the fact that dyskeratosis is often detected only in the later stages, the situation in the future depends on the correct diagnosis, the effectiveness of the chosen treatment, and the neutralization of provoking factors. If there is no process of tissue degeneration into a malignant tumor,the overall prognosis is favorable. According to reviews, cervical dyskeratosis, detected in the early stages, is easily treatable and does not require surgical intervention.
If the treatment is not carried out at all or is chosen incorrectly, then the likelihood of developing cancer is quite high, which calls into question recovery. In this case, we are not talking about a positive forecast.
This disease is quite rare, but the percentage of defect degeneration into oncology is quite large and is approximately 30%.
Consequences
The most serious complication of leukoplakia is its degeneration into oncology. The later the disease is detected, the higher the likelihood of cancer. After cervical dyskeratosis, relapses often occur, which can also lead to degeneration of the epithelium.
It is impossible to say with certainty that the lack of treatment will provoke the development of cancer, since much depends on other factors. For example, an important role is played by the state of a woman's immunity, her lifestyle and attitude to her he alth.
