It is well known that every citizen of Russia is required to obtain a compulsory medical insurance policy. It is with his help that he can receive various forms of medical care absolutely free of charge, since the state compensates for all costs, declaring medicine in the country, thus, free of charge. However, as you know, such a policy does not at all affect the entire range of problems. Therefore, it is important to know what types, conditions and forms of medical care exist in the Russian Federation, which any resident of the country can count on. It is about this issue that will be discussed in this article.
Concept
Before starting to analyze the conditions and forms of medical care existing in the country, one should give a concept to this term. In fact, it is quite complex, and therefore there is no single definition covering all aspects. However, at the legislative level it is approved that medical care is a set of measures that are aimed solely at maintaining and restoringpeople's he alth. In particular, it includes the provision of a range of medical services that are required for this. That is why another important question arises, what is a medical service?
Concept of medical service
Currently, under medical services in a broad sense, scientists mean medical intervention, or a whole range of similar measures that are designed for the prevention, timely diagnosis and competent treatment of an existing disease. This includes rehabilitation. Such interventions should be performed exclusively by medical professionals or other persons who are authorized to provide medical care. It is directed exclusively at the patient and can affect both his physical and mental state.
Legislative Framework
At the moment, the Constitution, that is, the main law of the country, clearly states that every citizen of any age, nationality, status and financial situation has the right to various types and forms of medical care. This rule is undeniable and applies throughout the country. In addition, in this matter, attention should be paid to two more regulatory legal acts - No. 323-FZ "On the Fundamentals of He alth Protection" dated November 2011, as well as various programs of state guarantees for the provision of free medical care to Russian citizens in various regions of the country. It is with their help that one can find out where the possibilities of citizens toreceiving various forms of medical assistance to the population in order to fully be able to exercise their own general civil rights.
Types of medical care
Based on existing laws, doctors can provide the following types of medical care, which are widely practiced in the Russian Federation:
1. Primary care.
2. Specialized and high-tech assistance.
3. Ambulance, including specialized ambulance.
4. Palliative care.
Now let's try to understand them in more detail.
Deepened understanding
Before we can begin to understand the different forms of care, we need to understand the different types of care.
1. Primary he alth care is understood as the basic system for the provision of medical services, including pre-medical care. It includes the following set of measures: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation. At the same time, this concept also includes the formation of public opinion and education of the population on sanitary and hygienic issues. In addition, doctors are also required by this program to monitor the course of pregnancy.
2. Specialized care must be provided by specialist doctors in a narrow profile, which directly includes the disease. Such assistance usually requires special methods and the use of modern technologies for diagnosis and treatment. To solve the problem, newtreatment methods, up to genetic engineering and other scientific achievements.
3. Any ambulance is provided to citizens in need of immediate medical intervention in case of injuries, accidents, poisoning or other situations that require it.
4. Palliative intervention is complex, it is intended to relieve a person of pain or alleviate other manifestations of the symptoms of serious diseases. They are not so much aimed at the complete cure of the disease, but at improving their quality of life, when modern medicine can no longer help.
First aid, which is provided on the spot, does not belong to the types of medical care at all, since it can be provided by persons who are not medical workers, but simply have completed the necessary training.
Shapes
Currently, the following are and are widely recognized as forms of he alth care delivery:
- emergency form - it refers to medical assistance provided only in the presence of sudden dangerous he alth conditions that do not pose a threat to the life of the patient;
- an emergency form of medical care is commonly understood as a complex of medical actions aimed at a patient in the presence of sudden acute diseases or conditions, as well as exacerbations of chronic diseases, which, by their signs, can threaten the patient's life;
- planned form is intended for preventive measures, as well as for diseases that cannotthreaten the life of the patient, and also do not require emergency or emergency care. Such illnesses must not, by delay, cause harm to he alth or otherwise worsen the condition of the person.
Terms of care
Regardless of the type and form of medical care, there are a number of conditions defined by law on which they directly depend.
1. Assistance can be provided outside the medical organization by calling an ambulance or in mobile transport during medical evacuation. Other types of assistance, except for an ambulance, are not possible.
2. In outpatient settings, that is, situations where the disease does not require round-the-clock supervision of doctors, but can occur at home. Also, under this condition, a doctor's call to the house is suitable. It is impossible to provide specialized and high-tech types of assistance.
3. Day hospital - a person's illness requires medical supervision, however, only during the daytime, so round-the-clock supervision is unnecessary. Physicians are not authorized to provide emergency or palliative care.
4. In stationary conditions, that is, in cases where a person's condition requires round-the-clock monitoring and treatment to normalize well-being. Physicians do not provide primary he alth care.
Principles of medical care
Any form of medical care must necessarily be provided based on a number of the following principles:
- timeliness of medical intervention;
- speed and accuracy of actions, however, they must be decisive and calm, without medical errors;
- all actions of doctors must be correct and expedient, it is impossible to treat at random without making a clear diagnosis;
- doctors should provide assistance according to their focus, and it is also desirable to act prophylactically, preventing the development of the disease;
- medicine should be accessible, however, a clear distribution of patients by area must be observed;
- long-term treatment, often requiring more than one doctor, should be carried out on the basis of continuity and staging.
As you can see, there are a huge variety of different types, forms and conditions under which medical care is provided in the Russian Federation. You should clearly know your list of rights in order to receive the most complete range of assistance in a necessary situation.
