If a person wants his teeth and gums to be always strong and not subject to destruction, then he must carefully monitor the oral cavity. The general condition of the periodontal tissues directly affects the he alth of all teeth and gums.
Gum disease in adults is quite common. Getting rid of these ailments is not so easy, and gums cannot be cured in a few visits to a qualified dentist, as it can be with dental caries. In this regard, when the first signs appear and a particular gum disease is detected, a person should immediately respond and begin treatment. There are several serious gum diseases that require immediate medical attention.
Gingivitis
If a person does not take good care of the oral cavity, then plaque may begin to accumulate on his teeth, which contains many pathogens. These microbes multiply very quickly, subsequently penetrating the gums. Their development process promotes the release of toxins that adversely affect the gums, causing them to become inflamed. Thengums become red and swollen. During this period, they tend to bleed, and a nauseating taste appears in the mouth and very often there is an unpleasant smell from the oral cavity. All these symptoms are a signal that a person has inflammatory gum disease - gingivitis.
This disease affects everyone without exception, from young children to the elderly. According to statistics, most often men and women from twenty-five to thirty years old suffer from gingivitis.
Causes of gingivitis
The main cause of gum disease is poor oral hygiene. People often neglect personal hygiene, as a result, various diseases occur. But sometimes other factors can also trigger tooth and gum disease, such as:
- Misalignment of teeth;
- lack of vitamins in the body;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- improper dental treatment;
- hormonal failures in the body;
- diabetes disease;
- stress and depression;
- malocclusion;
- malfunctions in the thyroid gland.
All these factors have a negative impact on the oral cavity, in particular on the protective properties of the teeth. There is a change in the microflora of the oral cavity and the development of gum disease. During pregnancy, when a woman's hormonal changes occur in her body, the risk of developing gingivitis doubles.
Types of diseases
Gingivitiscan be extensive and local:
- Extensive gingivitis covers the entire dentition, that is, all teeth are affected.
- Local gingivitis can only involve one or more teeth.
Gingivitis can be chronic or acute. If a person suffers from a chronic disease, then its development is slow, and the symptoms tend to change. For some time, the symptoms may worsen, and then subside, and this continues throughout the entire period of the disease. Acute gingivitis appears very quickly, its development occurs abruptly, without any delay.
The disease is divided into several types:
- Catarrhal gingivitis develops due to lack of or improper oral care. With such a disease, a person develops slight bleeding of the gums and their itching.
- Hypertrophic gingivitis is accompanied by bad breath and profuse bleeding from the gums.
- Ulcerative necrotizing gingivitis occurs with the formation of sores on the gums and a large accumulation of gray plaque on the teeth.
If a person has all the symptoms of gum disease, then he needs to see a dentist as soon as possible. Indeed, in the absence of proper treatment, gingivitis can progress and cause a more serious disease - periodontitis, which is much more difficult to get rid of. And gingivitis can be cured with special medications that are prescribed by the attending physician.
Treatmentgingivitis
Gingivitis is a serious gum disease and should be treated promptly. If the disease has just begun its development, then it is quite simple to cure it. Diagnosis and treatment of gums is carried out by periodontists and dental therapists.
When treating gingivitis, specialists do the following:
- Remove accumulated deposits from under the gums.
- The oral cavity is treated with antiseptic drugs.
- Dentist prescribing proper oral care for a patient.
- And in conclusion, the patient is prescribed the necessary medications and vitamins to strengthen the gums.
Gingivitis is a superficial inflammation of the gums, so it can be cured quite quickly with the right approach to the problem. For this, procedures such as rinses, gel applications and thorough oral care are used. Sometimes gingivitis is treated with antibiotics. Basically, inflammatory processes are neutralized by rinsing with Chlorhexidine and Miramistin. Applications are made from the gels "Metrogyl Denta" and "Cholisal". Vitamins C, P, PP and D are prescribed. It is recommended to brush your teeth with special therapeutic pastes Parodontax, Lacalut Active and Asepta. In some cases, the dentist may prescribe electrophoresis, ultraviolet therapy, or vacuum massage.
Periodontitis
If a person does not treat gingivitis, then, without a doubt, he will get thisdisease like periodontitis. In this gum disease, inflammation occurs throughout the mouth, including the periodontal tissues. Harmful bacteria provoke the resolution of periodontal fibers, which provide strong attachment of the gums to the teeth. All this leads to the fact that holes appear between the teeth and gums, which are called periodontal pockets. Dental deposits accumulate in these pockets. In addition, they can secrete pus and contribute to bad breath. Also, when a pocket appears, bone tissue is destroyed.
Periodontitis is a serious gum disease. You can see a photo of the external manifestation of this unpleasant disease in the article. Periodontitis is characterized by the following symptoms:
- severe gum pain;
- bleeding gums;
- tooth necks are exposed;
- teeth start to loose;
- dental pockets secrete pus.
If an infection gets into the wound, a flux may develop.
Degrees of periodontitis
Periodontitis is divided into three severity levels:
- Mild form of the disease. If a person suffers from a mild form of the disease, then he has bleeding gums, while eating and brushing his teeth, pain is felt, the gums become swollen and red.
- The average form of the disease. With a moderate form of periodontitis, the patient's teeth begin to stagger or shift, often the gums bleed spontaneously.
- Severe form of the disease. In the severe stage, the patient loses disease-prone teeth.
Periodontitis treatment
Treatment of periodontitis in adults can be lengthy and complex. Compared to gingivitis, periodontitis is not treated at home. First of all, in the treatment of this disease, the dentist cleans the periodontal pockets. All this is done through a special ultrasound procedure or with the help of tools that the specialist performs scraping of the entire contents of the pocket. Then he puts medicine into the cleaned pocket, which stimulates the growth of bone tissue. This procedure is accompanied by severe pain, so it is performed after the patient has been given local anesthesia.
In severe gum disease, gingivectomy is often performed, an operation to clean periodontal pockets, after which the inflamed areas are removed. This prevents tartar pockets from re-accumulating.
If a person suffering from periodontitis has lost teeth, the dentist installs prostheses. Tooth loosening is eliminated through the splinting procedure. The teeth are bonded to the gums with fiberglass or aramid thread. Basically, a similar procedure is performed on the front row of teeth, since in the future this will allow the patient to eat normally without feeling discomfort.
In addition, periodontitis is treated with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic drugs. They are used as oral tablets, rinses, baths and applications.
Periodontosis
Periodontosis is notis an inflammatory disease. With this gum disease, a person experiences a slow loss of bone tissue. He feels awkward while eating, brushing his teeth and when hot or cold gets on his teeth. This disease does not cause periodontal pockets, there is no bleeding gums, they do not swell or redden. During periodontal disease, bone tissue is destroyed, causing the teeth to become loose or fall out.
Causes of periodontal disease
The causes of periodontal disease are as follows:
- hormonal failures;
- heredity;
- bad habits such as smoking or drinking regularly;
- changing blood vessels;
- lack of proper vitamins in the body.
Gum disease and its treatment. Periodontitis
First of all, in the treatment of this disease, the specialist identifies the cause of its occurrence. If periodontal disease occurs due to a disease of the digestive system, special diets are prescribed. They make up for the deficiency of vitamins and cleanse the body of toxins.
At home, periodontal disease is treated with mouthwashes with various tinctures, such as calendula, propolis, immortelle. They also massage the gums using coriander or mint oil. When teeth fall out, splinting is prescribed or dentures are inserted.
In complex forms of the disease, surgicalintervention. Specialists carry out bone tissue augmentation.
How to prevent tooth and gum disease
As you know, the disease is better to prevent. To prevent gum disease, a person should visit the dentist more often and carefully monitor the entire mouth. After all, it is better to go to the reception several times than to be treated for months. Therefore, a person needs:
- Twice a year to carry out the sanitation of the oral cavity.
- Take care of your teeth and gums.
- In order for the blood circulation of the gums to be stable, it is necessary to massage the gums every day with a brush.
- When brushing your teeth, you need to be careful with the gaps between the teeth, so brush those places gently, without much pressure.
- Eat food that is high in protein whenever possible.
Be he althy!
