In the modern world, there is a huge selection of antiallergic medicines. One of the most active means is "Nasonex". Reviews about him are only good. This is the main drug of choice for allergies of any degree. "Nasonex" is an original preparation of the Belgian production of the "Schering Plow" corporation. Employees of the company have developed a spray, which includes the hormonal substance glucocorticoid mometasone. A tool is used to inject it into the nose.
Issue form
In the instructions for "Nasonex", according to patients, it is written in detail in what form the medication is produced. It is available in the form of a white spray in bottles with a dispenser: sixty doses and one hundred and twenty doses. "Nasonex" is a dosed medication, therefore it makes it possible to correctly calibrate the vial. Proper calibration with each press of the dispenser allows the required dose of the active ingredient, which is fifty micrograms, to be released. Before the first pressing, it is necessary to sequentially press the sprayer ten times. As a result of these manipulations, an even supply of the active component is established. If the patient has not used Nasonex for a half month or more, a control calibration is required. To do this, press the sprayer twice. This is quite enough to resume the smooth flow of the active ingredient.
Patients should know two more important things:
- Spray is a suspension in which the active substance is not dissolved, but randomly weighed. Remember this and shake the bottle before each use.
- The nozzle on the vial may become clogged. Periodically, it is necessary to remove the cap, nozzle and rinse the hole in the bottle with warm water. It is strictly forbidden to clean the nozzle with a sharp needle. This often causes the dispenser to break down and malfunction.
The main active ingredient is mometasone furoate. Studies have proven the activity of this component against inflammation caused by an allergic reaction, both in the early and advanced stages.
"Nasonex" is a hormonal drug. According to numerous reviews of Nasonex for children, parents have concerns that prolonged use of hormonal medications can cause negative side effects. It has been experimentally established that after intranasal spraying of mometasone, less than one percent of the active substance penetrates into the blood. Even if the child couldtake the medicine by mouth, it is practically not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The amount of the drug that is absorbed will be almost completely excreted in the bile or urine from the body.
Pharmacology
What effect does the anti-allergy drug have is described in detail in the instructions for use of "Nasonex". In the reviews of patients, such effects on the body are noted:
- Prevents the release of inflammatory provocateurs.
- Increases lipomodulin production.
- Slows down the accumulation of neutrophils. This reduces the production of inflammatory exudate and production of lymphokines, reduces the migration of macrophages, which leads to a reduction in the processes of infiltration and granulation.
- Reduces inflammation.
- Delays the spread of immediate allergic symptoms.
Subtleties of treatment of allergies, polyps, sinusitis
Clinical studies have confirmed that with the development of allergies within the first twelve hours after the use of Nasonex, almost a third of patients with allergic rhinitis receive a pronounced effect. A day after therapy, the manifestation of allergic reactions stops in half of the patients. Spray in the nose "Nasonex" can also relieve allergic symptoms affecting the patient's eyes - redness, itching and watery eyes.
In patients with nasal polyps, Nasonex spray therapy is said to result in measurable improvement. In particular, after a period of treatment, nasal congestion is greatly reduced,the size of polyps is reduced, the sense of smell is restored.
With sinusitis "Nasonex" is used in the combined therapy of rhinosinusitis and sinusitis. The anti-inflammatory effect of the active ingredient significantly facilitates the course of the disease. Therapy with "Nasonex" (according to patients' reviews) reduces pain and pressure in the sinuses of the nose, reduces rhinorrhea and congestion. At the same time, the therapeutic effect in sinusitis is long-lasting, remaining for fifteen days after the completion of treatment.
Pharmacokinetics
When Nasonex is injected into the nose, the total bioavailability of mometasone furoate is less than one percent. Mometasone is extremely poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Pharmacokinetics is described in detail in the instructions for "Nasonex". The reviews note that a small amount of the active ingredient can enter the digestive tract. However, this does not cause much discomfort, since the active substances are completely excreted in the urine and bile.
Indications
Let's list when Nasonex spray is prescribed:
- Seasonal or chronic rhinitis due to allergies in adults and children from two years of age. The medication is used both for the treatment of allergies and for its seasonal prevention, as described in the instructions for use of "Nasonex" for children. Feedback from parents indicates that the remedy for prevention is very good.
- Acute sinusitis or exacerbation of persistent sinusitis in adults and children (used from the age of twelve). "Nasonex" atsuch diseases is only an integral part of complex therapy.
- Acute symptomatic rhinosinusitis without evidence of severe infection in patients over the age of twelve.
- Nasal polyps with symptomatic nasal congestion and loss of smell in patients over eighteen years of age.
- Prevention of seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and adolescents from the age of twelve (recommended two or four weeks before the upcoming season).
Contraindications
Let's list the contraindications according to the instructions for "Nasonex". In the reviews, patients indicate that there are not so many of them, and side effects are extremely rare:
- Personal sensitivity to drug substances.
- Recent surgery or trauma to the nose that caused damage to its mucous membranes.
- Children's age (with chronic and seasonal allergic rhinitis - up to two years, with acute sinusitis or exacerbation of chronic sinusitis - up to twelve years, with polyposis - up to eighteen years).
According to doctors' reviews of Nasonex, it should be used with special care when:
- Tuberculosis of the respiratory tract.
- Viral infection of any kind.
- Infection caused by the herpes virus.
- Presence of infection of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx.
In all other cases, the drug is safe and approved for use.
Dosage
The drug is used intranasally. According to reviews, "Nasonex" in the nose is more effective only after a series of preliminary procedures:
- Ensure free nasal breathing, that is, clear the nose of viscous mucus with saline or sea water.
- Use vasoconstrictor drops if necessary.
For allergies, "Nasonex" is used for both children and adults. The average dose for patients over twelve years of age is two pumps in each nasal passage once a day. If there are signs of improvement in dynamics, it is necessary to reduce the dosage by half, that is, to one injection in each nasal passage per day. If the standard initial dosage is ineffective, then you can increase it. In such cases, the dose of the drug can be up to four injections in each nasal passage once a day, as indicated in the instructions for Nasonex. The reviews note that increasing the dose helps better, but causes discomfort in the form of a burning sensation in the nose. After positive dynamics, the dose is halved.
Children older than two and younger than twelve years old need only one injection into the nasal passages once a day. Positive dynamics in therapy should not be expected earlier than twelve hours after the initial use of the Nasonex spray. In full force, the drug begins to work two days after the start of treatment.
For the treatment of sinusitis "Nasonex", according to reviews, in children is used only after twelveyears. The initial dosage is two sprays in each nasal passage twice a day. If necessary, the dosage can be increased to four injections twice a day. As soon as the symptoms subside, the dose is halved.
For polyps in the nasal cavity, the medication is used only for adult patients. The standard dosage in such cases is two presses of the vial in each nasal passage once a day.
Negative effects
Despite the safety of the drug, its use sometimes causes side effects, as warned by the instructions for "Nasonex". In children (parents note this in the reviews), such phenomena are very rare. Adverse reactions during drug treatment are rather the exception to the rule.
Adults may experience:
- Nosebleeds. They are observed in five percent of patients who used Nasonex. However, bleeding is usually short-lived and stops on its own. When treated with other corticosteroids, the likelihood of bleeding is the same as during the use of "Nasonex".
- Inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx.
- Burning sensation and irritation of the nasal mucosa.
The likelihood of developing negative effects when using the described remedy is the same as when treating other drugs with a similar therapeutic effect. The use of "Nasonex" for adenoids, according to reviews, adds to the list of undesirable manifestationsheadache. It occurs rarely and does not require discontinuation of the drug.
According to reviews of "Nasonex", the incidence of adverse events in young patients was comparable to the frequency of their manifestation when using placebo. When using intranasal hormones, systemic negative effects may occur, especially with prolonged use in high doses.
Overdose
According to reviews of "Nasonex", with prolonged use of the drug in large doses or with the simultaneous use of several drugs, the patient's internal organs (in particular, the adrenal glands) may be suppressed.
The drug has a low systemic bioavailability, so it is unlikely that overdose will require the use of any special measures other than supervision by the attending physician. It will most likely be possible to restart the drug later.
Special Instructions
Patients using Nasonex for several months should be regularly examined by their doctor for changes in the nasal mucosa. It is required to regularly monitor the he alth of patients receiving hormonal drugs for a long time.
In the treatment of children with adenoids "Nasonex", according to reviews, developmental delay is possible. In case of detection of a suspension of the growth of the child, it is necessary to reduce the dose of drugs to a minimum. When conducting laboratory studies in babies treated with"Nasonex" in a daily dose of one hundred mcg throughout the year, growth retardation was not observed.
In the event of a fungal infection in the nasopharynx, it may be necessary to stop therapy with Nasonex. A clear change in the state of the nasopharyngeal mucosa that persists for a long time may be a reason to stop treatment with Nasonex. According to reviews, drug analogues can cause the same negative effects.
With prolonged treatment, signs of suppression of the function of the adrenal system were not observed. People transitioning to Nasonex treatment require special attention to their he alth.
Patients who are treated with hormonal agents have reduced immunity and should be warned about the increased likelihood of contracting all kinds of infections for them. There is a need to consult a doctor if there has been contact with an infected person. If signs of a severe bacterial infection appear, immediate medical advice is also required.
When using "Nasonex" during the year, there were no signs of changes in the nasal mucosa. In addition, the active component of the drug showed a tendency to normalize the histological picture.
The effectiveness and safety of "Nasonex" has not been studied in the treatment of polyps of various etymologies that completely close the patient's nasopharynx.
If polyps are found to be unusual or irregular in shape, distorted or bleeding, a medical examination is required beforeappointment of Nasonex.
There are no confirmed data on the effect of the drug "Nasonex" on a person's ability to drive vehicles.
Pregnancy and lactation
Laboratory studies of the safety of the use of the drug "Nasonex" when carrying a child by expectant mothers have not been conducted.
Like other hormonal drugs, Nasonex should be used during childbearing and during breastfeeding only if the likelihood of the expected benefit from its use justifies the likely risk to the fetus or unborn baby.
Babies whose mothers received hormonal drugs during pregnancy should be examined for possible changes in the functioning of the adrenal glands.
Use in children
The drug is contraindicated:
- for allergic rhinitis - in children under two years of age,
- for acute or chronic sinusitis - up to twelve years,
- with polyposis - until the age of majority.
Clinical studies during the treatment of children, when "Nasonex" is used at a dosage of one hundred mcg per day for a year, no developmental delay was noticed.
Analogues
The instructions for use of Nasonex (according to parents) do not mention how this drug can be replaced. His analogues are as follows:
- "Rhinoclenil".
- "Flixonase".
- "Nazarel".
- "Awamys".
- "Nasobek".
These drugs, which are analogues of Nasonex, are characterized differently in patient reviews. Some of them are called more effective, others cause more adverse reactions. It depends on the individual perception by the human body of those substances that are part of the drugs. Therefore, they should be used only after consulting a doctor.
