Cyclothymia is an unstable condition of a person when there is a sharp mood swing. When suffering from cyclothymia, depression is present, although in some cases a slight rise in mood is noticed. The disease is formed against the background of external factors, irritants, which manifest themselves in the form of an unstable situation in the family, in the team, and also against the background of genetic inheritance, cyclothymia can occur. Bipolar disorder of close relatives becomes the cause of the development of such an ailment. The age category of patients is people from 18 to 45 years. Women are more likely to suffer from cyclothymia. In practice, it has been found that men are almost 2 times less susceptible to the disease. Treatment is usually done on an outpatient basis, but there are stages of a complicated form when isolation in specialized clinics is necessary.
Formsmanifestations
For any type of disease, different stages of development are inherent, which over time complicate the state of he alth. The mental disorders that give rise to cyclothymia come in a number of forms, varying in severity, course of illness, and symptoms.
Vital
Symptomatology at this stage is such that a person begins to experience a very deep depression, for no reason, longing, mental pain, widespread frustration appear. In addition, there is a physical malaise, a feeling of heaviness, pressure, and a burning sensation and squeezing is felt in the region of the heart. The disease is accompanied by a violation of appetite, the appearance of insomnia. A person stricken with cyclothymia even begins to think about death.
Apathetic
The very concept of apathy implies a psychopathic syndrome, when the state of indifference to oneself and loved ones intensifies. Indifference to what is happening around sets in, curiosity decreases, interests disappear. Such symptoms stand out in people affected by brain damage, and belong to the category characterizing the symptoms of schizophrenia. The disease of cyclothymia in a state of apathy is expressed by a reduced vitality, the absence of any motivation in the patient, practically nothing can induce him to take any active actions. Facial expressions and movements slow down, and speech becomes monotonous and inhibitory.
Anesthetics
At this stage, there are characteristic obvioussigns that make it possible to quickly make a diagnosis. Cyclothymia becomes the cause of alienation of any emotions, accompanied by anxiety, sadness, apathy is greatly enhanced. The mood takes on a permanent shape, the drops are minimized, but lethargy or, conversely, excessive fussiness may increase. In the process of complete alienation of thoughts, the feeling of hunger and the desire to sleep begin to dull. And in general, the whole world becomes uninteresting and unclaimed.
Disease detection
Cyclothymia is the presence of constant mood swings, and swings occur without any reason. An imbalance of mood is accompanied by a depressive state with some manifestations of an improvement in the normal state.
When making a diagnosis, one should be guided by a number of symptoms that are expressed in a sick person. If there are at least three indicators of the state, we can talk about a person's depression.
- fall of vigorous rise or activity in general;
- insomnia;
- inability to concentrate;
- hermit perception of the whole world, abstraction from others, unwillingness to talk;
- development of an inferiority complex, insecurity;
- complete indifference or dissatisfaction in the sexual sphere;
- unwillingness to do any of the things that previously brought pleasure;
- thoughts of wasted years;
- lack of plans for the future, indifference to one's own life.
Mood boost
Signs of cyclothymia against the background of development during fluctuations stimulate a sharp surge in mood. Recovery should not be diagnosed because such behavior is indicative of symptoms when cyclothymia is present. This will not continue for a long time, after a while the decadent state will come back. With fluctuations, the patient characterizes his condition in different ways. During a surge, there is an increase in vitality, energy, activity increases, self-esteem increases, a desire to communicate appears, sleep stabilizes, sex begins to bring pleasure. In addition, the need for sex intensifies, there is a desire to start a hobby, optimism is at its best, and life begins to gain meaning, because there is a radical rethinking of the past. The reasons for such a surge may be alcohol intoxication, but the next day the state of apathy stabilizes.
Don't be indifferent to patients with cyclothymia
Often there is cyclothymia in adolescents who are prone to hormonal disruptions, sudden mood swings, outbursts, grief, frustration, the knowledge of unhappy love, etc. It is at this age that the symptoms are pronounced, so it is necessary to carefully monitor children in order to help in time. Indifference to mental illness can lead to irreversible and terrible consequences. The simplest against the background of the overall picture will be the isolation of a teenager in a clinic for the mentally ill. But cyclothymia is not a reason for complete isolation, although if you start treating it, you can getschizophrenic, the exacerbations of which can move him to commit rash spontaneous acts, up to crimes. During exacerbation, an angry state manifests itself, expressed in rude behavior, concentration of attention is disturbed. But people with cyclothymia do not have a suicidal mood, the disease is characterized by the development of feelings of inferiority and self-doubt, which causes alienated behavior.
Treatment of disease
If cyclothymia is suddenly diagnosed, this is the first signal to see a doctor. Leaving the patient's condition without the qualified help of specialists is unacceptable. A long-term rehabilitation should be carried out, which, in addition to treatment, is aimed at ensuring that repeated cyclothymia does not occur. The treatment of the disease is aimed primarily at interrupting the stage of the course, that is, it is necessary to stop the exacerbation first. There is also a light therapy procedure, which is used when cyclothymia occurs in periodic cycles. To do this, they use bright artificial light or the supply of sunlight with a certain frequency of waves, which greatly affects the consciousness of the human brain and changes in its perception.
Stages of treatment
After diagnosing the disease, setting the exact indicator of the violation and in the presence of obvious signs, a course of therapy is prescribed. It involves, first of all, an appeal to a psychologist who will create a certain interaction between himself and the patient. This is necessary for the doctor to understand the severity of cyclothymia. The symptoms of the disease have a wide range of indicators, so a specialist should conduct a detailed study of the patient's actions, his behavior, the level of suffering, etc. After a course of medication is prescribed, it is recommended to stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
Comfortable conditions are created in stationary institutions so that there are as few annoying factors as possible. Negative and harmful influence from the outside can awaken a relapse of the disease. With indicators of a depressive state, a deprivation technique is carried out, i.e. artificial awakening, interruption of sleep. For this, the patient is forced to stay awake up to 38 hours a day. Nitric oxide is used, which is supplied with a hot stream to the patient, which contributes to the normalization and calming of the nervous system. In the future, in order to inculcate and introduce into the development society the desire to communicate with people, group psychotherapy is carried out.
Treatment without isolation
In order not to alienate a person from the social sphere, the therapy of the disease can be carried out at home with a visit to the attending physician. An important element of productive and effective outpatient treatment is close contact between the doctor and the patient, understanding each other. The patient must strictly comply with all recommendations, take medications, reduce the level of development of cyclothymia, control his mental state. The doctor, for his part, is obligated to monitor, conduct examinations, adjust the intake of drugs, and in case of a violation orignoring treatment, take measures to localize the patient in a specialized institution.
Treatment of cyclothymia is accompanied by taking medicines, without which one cannot achieve results by talking alone. There should be a comprehensive treatment that involves the use of techniques, conversations and taking pills. Specialists prescribe antidepressants, the varieties of which are many on the modern pharmacy market. In addition, antidepressants have a wide range with different action potentials, which allows the doctor to prescribe the drug depending on the severity of the disease. Mood stabilizers, neuroleptics, long-acting lithium s alts are also prescribed.
Cyclothymia is not a sentence
The disease takes place in the modern environment of instability in the state among ordinary people. Stress and depression occur almost every day. When the first signs of cyclothymia are detected, it is necessary to call for help and take active steps. Do not aggravate the state of he alth, waiting for irreparable consequences. Take care of your loved ones, colleagues, acquaintances, if you suddenly notice something strange behind them from what was mentioned in the article.
