Today, many women, for certain reasons, decide to terminate their pregnancy and choose medical abortion for this, believing that it is the safest. However, this entails many complications, one of which is an incomplete abortion. In addition, a similar condition can be observed as a result of a miscarriage.
Incomplete spontaneous abortion
Spontaneous abortion ends in miscarriage or premature birth of a non-viable fetus. The question of how long the fetus can remain viable is rather ambiguous. To date, abortion is considered to be the termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks or the birth of a fetus weighing less than 500 grams.
Incomplete spontaneous abortion means that placental abruption occurs, resulting in severe bleeding with particles of the fetal egg. The situation is complicated by the fact that all signs of pregnancy disappear, but at this time serious violations occur. In some cases, a woman may experience bouts of nausea, pain in the pelvic area.
Incomplete medical abortion
Sometimes, particles of the ovum can remain in the uterine cavity even after a medical abortion. Incomplete medical abortion occurs after taking certain drugs. There are many reasons why such a violation can occur. Knowing exactly what causes this condition, you need to take the process of abortion very seriously and take appropriate measures so that the abortion is as safe as possible.
Incomplete vacuum interruption
Incomplete abortion with vacuum termination of pregnancy is quite rare. This is a very serious consequence, characterized by the fact that the fetal egg remains partially or completely in the uterine cavity. In addition, fetal membranes may remain in the uterine cavity. Such a violation may occur as a result of an incorrectly performed procedure, a violation of the structure of the uterus, previously transferred infectious diseases.
To prevent the risk of incomplete abortion, a comprehensive examination must be carried out carefully. This will allow you to determine the location of the fetal egg before the procedure.
Causes of incomplete abortion
Dangerous complications after an abortion can lead to the development of sepsis. There are certain reasons for incomplete abortion, among which it is necessary to highlight such as:
- medical error;
- hormonal disorders;
- late term abortion;
- heredity;
- food poisoning;
- inflammatory processes.
All of these factors can lead to the fact that the expulsion of the fetus from the uterine cavity may be incomplete. As a result of this, infection can occur, and additional curettage is also required. All these complications can lead to infertility.
Main symptoms
The first signs of incomplete abortion are observed literally 1-2 weeks after the operation. The main symptoms are:
- pulling and sharp pain in the pelvic area;
- temperature increase;
- pain on palpation of the abdomen;
- bleeding profusely;
- symptoms of intoxication.
When the first signs appear, you should definitely consult a doctor for diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Such a violation can adversely affect the he alth of a woman, as well as her reproductive system. In severe cases, this can lead to death.
Diagnosis
Comprehensive diagnostics are required, which includes:
- blood tests;
- pressure measurement;
- ultrasound diagnostics.
In addition, examination of the cervix and its palpation is required. Only comprehensive diagnostics will help determine the presence of fetal remains.
Providing treatment
If an incomplete abortion occurs, emergency care should be provided immediately after the first signs of a violation. With a strongbleeding, a large-diameter venous catheter is installed and an Oxytocin solution is injected. In addition, be sure to remove the remains of the fetus. If curettage occurred without complications, then observation is indicated for several days, and then the patient is discharged.
With significant blood loss, the introduction of ferrous sulfate is indicated. Ibuprofen is prescribed to eliminate pain. When the temperature rises, the use of antipyretic drugs is indicated.
Psychological support
After a spontaneous abortion, a woman often feels guilty and stressed. It is important to provide her with competent psychological assistance. It is advisable for a woman to contact a psychological support group. It is important not to rush into the next pregnancy, as it will take some time for the body to recover.
Possible Complications
Consequences and complications can be very serious, ranging from prolonged bleeding to inflammation and even sepsis. Complications are divided into early and late. Early ones occur immediately after an abortion or miscarriage and include:
- allocations;
- uterine perforation;
- penetration of infection;
- chronic inflammation of the uterine cavity.
Late complications can occur months or even years after the abortion. These can be adhesive processes, hormonal disorders, as well as deterioration in functioning.reproductive sphere.
Prevention of complications
Compliance with certain simple rules will help to significantly reduce the risk of complications. Be sure to avoid sexual intercourse in the first 3 weeks after an abortion or miscarriage. Discharge control is required, it is important to avoid physical exertion for 2 weeks, follow the basic rules of hygiene. During the first month it is forbidden to swim in the bathroom, the sea, use tampons. In addition, it is important to regularly visit a gynecologist for examination. After a medical abortion or miscarriage, you should visit the doctor after a week and make sure that all the remains of the fetus have come out.
