The familiar well-known method of examining the internal organs and tissues of the abdomen is prescribed for adults and children. Preparing the patient for an abdominal ultrasound, the algorithm of the procedure allows you to get information safely and painlessly. This procedure can be done even for newborn children.
Who appoints research and why
The abdomen is separated from the chest by a diaphragm. Anything above it is not included in the procedure. This manipulation involves preparing the patient for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs, we will consider this information further.
The procedure includes examination of the following organs:
- stomach;
- pancreas;
- liver;
- spleen;
- gall bladder;
- gut;
- abdominal aorta;
- kidneys;
- adrenals;
- ureters;
- bladder;
- womb;
- prostateiron.
Sends a therapist, hepatologist, gastroenterologist for ultrasound. You can sign up to the clinic yourself and undergo an examination for a fee.
Purpose of the diagnostic method
Assign an ultrasound scan to correctly establish the diagnosis after the patient's complaints. To prevent diseases, the method is used for preventive purposes. With the help of research, the state of internal organs is monitored.
Among the ultrasound indications:
- Identification of diseases of the abdominal organs.
- Monitoring chronic processes.
- As an aid in medical procedures.
Research will help to successfully carry out the operation. Due to safety and efficiency, it can be used an unlimited number of times.
In what cases is the procedure performed
Before you start preparing for the procedure of ultrasound of the abdominal organs, the patient is asked for symptoms of poor he alth. Ultrasound is prescribed both for diagnosis and for monitoring the process during kidney and liver biopsy.
Ultrasound will be needed in such cases:
- Abdominal pain.
- Bitter taste.
- Heaviness on the right side under the rib.
- Complaints specific to gallbladder problems.
- Signs of stomach disease.
- Belching and heartburn.
- Jaundice.
- Heritage associated with the risk of cholelithiasis.
- Long-term medication.
- Abdominal injury.
- Alcoholism.
- Wrong diet.
- Suspicion of oncology.
- Control of gastroenterological pathologies.
It is important that there are very few contraindications to the procedure. The latter include the presence on the patient's body of purulent lesions (pyoderma), any open wounds (manipulation is delayed until they heal), or fistulas in the abdomen. In case of viral infectious diseases (for example, hepatitis C or HIV), ultrasound is also not performed.
How to get ready
Following the algorithm for preparing the patient for an abdominal ultrasound, you should stop eating and drinking for 8-10 hours before the procedure. For three days before going to the clinic, they follow a diet that excludes gas formation. In the daily diet should not be flour and sweet pastries, fresh bread. Exclude fresh vegetables with fiber.
The patient guide for preparing for an abdominal ultrasound refers to foods such as milk, sauerkraut, carbonated drinks. They are on the banned list, including alcohol. Do not chew gum on the day of the examination.
The ideal diet includes lean meat, lean fish. They are cooked in a steamer. Porridge is boiled without milk, apples are baked. The food is fractional, without overeating. Be sure to observe the drinking regimen. The entire preparation period is allowed pure still water and unsweetened tea.
Advice to patients
The algorithm for preparing children, pregnant women and people with diabetes for abdominal ultrasound has its own characteristicsand is of a gentle nature. Babies can eat on the day of the examination, but no later than three hours before the start. Otherwise, the examination will be incomplete.
It is better for a pregnant woman to schedule a procedure in the morning to make it easier to endure hunger. It is allowed to drink water and eat biscuit cookies in two hours. In case of diabetes, tea with a small amount of sugar and crackers are allowed before the examination.
Preparation for an adult abdominal ultrasound examination includes medication. It is allowed only after consulting a doctor. Means are prescribed to prevent flatulence, improve digestive function. Depending on the organ in question, enzymes and enterosorbents are selected. If a violation in the functioning of the digestive tract is expected, the intestines must be cleaned. In this case, you will need a laxative, suppositories, cleansing enema.
Checking internal organs
The algorithm for preparing a patient for abdominal ultrasound differs depending on the organs being checked. Kidney testing occurs when the bladder is full. The patient needs to drink water or weak tea. Careful preparation will allow you to get a genuine result. When filling the bladder consider its shape, wall thickness and contours. During the study, the intestines must be empty. A fasting test will allow you to get the most complete picture of what is happening in the patient's body.
Proper preparation for ultrasound of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity allows you to assess the size and contours of the organ, visualizebenign and malignant neoplasms. Three days before the procedure, refuse high-protein foods. The diet includes vegetarian soup, vegetables, fruits, berries. Eliminate alcohol and smoking.
Using ultrasound, the liver is examined for the presence of pathological processes. Allow cleansing with sorbents, enema or laxatives. This is especially true for overweight people.
Examination of the uterus and appendages
The preparation for abdominal ultrasound in women is different. Nutrition is corrected, the body is cleansed. A woman needs to stick to a diet, not overeat. The examination is carried out on an empty stomach. The bladder is filled before the procedure. To do this, they drink one and a half liters of water and do not empty the organ until the examination is over.
Qualitative diagnostics with proper preparation allows early detection of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system. Distortion of indications occurs with energetic movements of the patient, bloating. You need to eat right, monitor the amount of food.
Procedure with functional tests and contrast
Complex ultrasound includes examination of several organs. Sometimes conducted to examine certain structures. This is necessary when the diagnosis has already been established. The doctor examines the functional state of the organ. An ultrasound with functional tests lasts longer than an hour.
Most often used to detect biliary problemspathways during food loading. This allows you to determine the degree of contraction of the body, motor function. Another way is to conduct ultrasound with a water-siphon test. Improves the visibility of the viewed organ, allows you to track the speed of movement of fluid through the digestive organs.
Contrast agents improve visualization of structures. When conducting ultrasound, a small amount of liquid is used, in which small gas bubbles are dissolved. Used to detect:
- Benign and malignant tumors.
- Blood supply estimates.
- Inflammation definitions.
- Research on blood flow parameters.
The substance is administered intravenously to mark the lumen for the vessels. The bubbles effectively reflect ultrasonic waves. And the quality of the procedure is not inferior to CT or MRI.
Subtleties of conducting
Preparation of the patient for abdominal ultrasound begins at home, the procedure itself is carried out in a clinic. The patient lies on his back on the couch. The doctor applies a special hypoallergenic gel to the skin to improve contact with the sensor of the device. In some areas, deepening of the skin under the pressure of a specialist is necessary. You should relax so that there are no unpleasant sensations.
If you are checking organs that are closed by the costal arch, you need to take a deep breath and hold your breath. The organs will shift down, better visible. The procedure lasts about half an hour.
Survey results
Adhering to the algorithm for preparing a patient for an abdominal ultrasound, you can get the resultschanges. This includes deformation of the gallbladder, inflammation, improper formation of connective tissue elements. Find out if there is suppuration in the cavity, accumulation of fat on the surface of the gland.
When checking the kidneys, nephrosclerosis or urolithiasis is determined. Examination of the spleen will indicate a heart attack of the organ, the presence of helminths. The pancreas is checked for abscess and neoplasm. If fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity, ascites is diagnosed. The specialist will identify changes in the circulatory and lymphatic structure. After the procedure, a conclusion is issued. After receiving the results, the doctor who sent for the ultrasound, or the ultrasound specialist himself, is transcribing.
Choosing an efficient method
Based on the testimony received, it is confirmed that the size, shape and structure of the liver and pancreas are not disturbed. There is no tissue growth and fluid. There were no signs of an aneurysm, the aorta was in normal condition. Examination of the gallbladder shows that it has not changed, the ducts are not dilated, there are no stones. They are not in the kidneys, which have retained the correct shape. In addition, it is possible to confirm with full confidence cirrhosis of the liver, accumulation of fluid, the presence of a tumor in the pelvis.
If there are pathologies, the doctor will inform the patient about this. An additional examination in the form of X-rays, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging will be required. To confirm the presence of stones in the gallbladder, radiotope scanning and cholangiopancreatography are performed. You can examine the condition of the intestine using a colonoscopy. Upon detectioncysts to study the composition of its contents, the degree of malignancy, a biopsy is performed.
The procedure is performed in a private or public diagnostic center. Each clinic has ultrasound equipment. When choosing, pay attention to the profile of the institution. They make a choice in favor of a clinic where there is a professional gastroenterologist. He will be able to assess the condition and prescribe treatment.
There are no restrictions on the number of ultrasounds. It is carried out so many times that will allow you to get a clear picture of the development of the disease. The procedure does not bring harm, so it is performed on babies and pregnant women.
Ultrasound is a safe and effective diagnostic method. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to conduct an examination at least once a year. With its help, it is possible to identify pathologies of the digestive tract, intestines, liver and kidneys at an early stage.
