Our children are our gold, which we value and try to protect in every possible way. Their he alth for loving parents is always in the first place. Unfortunately, children are sometimes born with some defects or acquire them at a very young age. Often, visual impairment is observed, and then you have to turn to various specialists, including a typhlopedagogue. This profession, perhaps, few people are familiar with, and therefore we will try to understand it.
A little clarity
Typhlopedagogue is the person who, being a leading specialist, coordinates and directs correctional and pedagogical work with visually impaired children, including those who are blind from birth.
A specialist can conduct his activities in some areas:
- conducting a student survey;
- corrective special classes for preschool children;
- active participation in school life;
- in addition to the children themselves, the specialist also works with their parents.
In order for a specialist to perform his duties effectively, he must be familiar with the developmental characteristics of all his patients. In addition, a typhlopedagogue is the person who is directly involved in the period of children's education at school. He can learn all this during a special examination, which is carried out on the basis of special schemes and methods for working with schoolchildren who have visual pathology to one degree or another.
Based on the results of the survey, it is possible to understand which method is suitable for the student in accordance with the identified capabilities. At the same time, a special program is developed for each student, which the specialist adheres to during the classes.
Feature of the profession
It is difficult to overestimate the importance of such a specialist as a typhlopedagogue. This is an important profession, since up to 90% of all information a person perceives directly through vision. He althy and keen eyes are one of the important factors for a full-fledged existence in society and the ability to survive in the wild. However, unfortunately, there are different situations, as a result of which you can lose your sight or be blind from birth. In this case, the deficiency has to be filled in other ways.
As a rule, those people who have lost their sight perceive the world around them a little differently. They usually have significantly improved hearing and acquire a special sensitivity on the fingers. Nevertheless, in such cases, outside help is simply needed, especially in the case ofchildren.
Responsibilities of a specialist
The main duty of such a specialist as a typhlopedagogue is to teach visually impaired or completely blind children to receive and process all information about the world around them. For this, reading lessons are used, where special books with Braille are used.
It is also important to instill in them the skills and abilities of self-service. But it is extremely important to teach children with such disabilities to correctly navigate in space. Also, the teacher's task includes not only special education, but also methods of moral, aesthetic and physical education.
Most children who have poor vision or who have completely lost their sight do not want to stop at any achieved result, but want to go further in their development. Any visually impaired person wants to get a higher education, learn an interesting profession for himself, in which he intends to work in the future. At the same time, many opt for some creative or scientific speci alty. This is also the merit of teachers who teach all children the necessary skills so that they can work in various areas of production in the future.
History
Currently, there is a whole science called "typhlopedagogy", which comes from the merger of two words: the Greek τυφλός (blind) and "pedagogy" - and is a section of defectology. However, everything had a beginning, and the founder of this science is the teacher from France V. Hayuy (1745-1822), who adhered toviews of D. Diderot.
In his homeland and in Russia Gajuy founded the first educational institution where a blind child can get a good education. Thanks to him, a systematic education of the blind or visually impaired was formed. In addition, from that time on, people of this “category” began to be treated more humanely, like any full-fledged person who also needs education and a job.
Here it is worth noting another person - L. Braille (1809-1852), who is the author of a system that changed the traditionally used teaching of blind people. It is based on combinations of six dots and covers not only alphabetic, mathematical, but also other symbols. As a result, the blind can write and read freely. Braille himself has been blind since the age of three. At first he was a pupil of the Paris National Institute for the visually impaired, and then his work became a typhlopedagogue.
In France, the first Braille book was printed in 1852, and in Russia it appeared some time later, in 1885. In Russia, schools for the blind began to appear in 1807, and during the 19th century several similar educational institutions were opened. Education at that time cost a lot of money - about 300 rubles a year.
Is it possible to become a tiflopedagogue
If someone is interested in this profession, then it can be mastered at any pedagogical university at the faculty of defectology. However, one desire is not enough, it is necessary to be able to work with blind children. Also importantunderstand how a visually impaired person perceives the world and how his psyche works.
Besides this, you need to have many necessary qualities. You must always remain kind to children, love them, be responsible. But the most important thing is to have the desire to help the weak.
