Asthma ranks first in the world among diseases associated with hyperactivity of the immune system. For its treatment, a huge number of drugs are being created. One such remedy is Budesonide. Analogues of this drug are also often used to treat broncho-obstructive syndrome. So what is this medicine?
What is Budesonide?
This drug belongs to the group of inhaled glucocorticoids. This remedy is a synthetic analogue of hormones synthesized in our body (in the adrenal cortex). What effect does "Budesonide" have?
Instructions for the use of the drug says that this tool helps to increase the number of active beta-adrenergic receptors in the respiratory tract.
In addition, the drug blocks the action of inflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins, thereby preventing the development of an inflammatory process in the bronchial mucosa.
Works after taking daily for several days (usually about 5-7 days).
It is one of the main drugs for the treatment of severe bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. At the initial stages of the development of these diseases does not apply.
How does Budesonide affect target cells?
Pharmacodynamics
The drug, due to inhalation, is well absorbed from the surface of the lungs (from the surface of the nasal mucosa it practically does not enter the systemic circulation).
The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood plasma is observed 45 minutes after its inhalation. 85 percent of the total incoming drug binds to blood albumin, while the rest is excreted unchanged.
Produced in the liver. It is excreted from the body through the gastrointestinal tract (with bile) and with urine.
In patients with pathology of these organs, there is a longer retention of the drug in the blood, which is associated with the development of most complications and an overdose of glucocorticoid hormones.
You can use the drug in tablet form for the treatment of systemic collagenosis (however, only 10 percent of the total amount of the drug that enters the gastrointestinal tract can have a therapeutic effect).
It is also used for the treatment of non-inflammatory diseases of the nasal mucosa due to long-term local action.
Indications for use
In what cases can you appoint"Budesonide"? Instructions for use lists the main diseases for which these drugs can be used:
- Bronchial asthma. The drug gained popularity due to its anti-inflammatory effect and the ability to inhibit the activity of inflammatory mediators.
- Crohn's disease. For the treatment of this disease, a tablet form of the drug is used. The drug is prescribed to induce remission in mild and moderate forms of the disease.
- Treatment of rhinitis. The appointment of an intranasal form of budesonide for the relief of symptoms of hay fever and allergic rhinitis is shown. An excellent tool for the treatment of this disease is "Budesonide formoterol".
- Prevention of recurrence of nasal mucosal polyposis. The drug is used in the early postoperative period. In almost 95 percent of cases, it prevents the re-development of polyposis.
The listed diseases are the main processes in which "Budesonide" is prescribed.
Sometimes this drug may be prescribed to prevent the development of obstructive pulmonary disease. Such cases include patients with occupational diseases or working in hazardous working conditions. But it should be remembered that even using drugs for prevention, one should not forget about careful dosing of the drug, otherwise there is a high risk of getting problems with the adrenal glands and glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome.
Bin what cases is its use contraindicated?
Contraindications
Under what processes and diseases is it forbidden to use "Budesonide"? Instructions for use of the drug indicates the following diseases:
- Increased sensitivity to the drug or its components. Dangerous development of angioedema.
- Active form of pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Respiratory diseases of a fungal nature.
- Acute infectious processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Severe liver failure.
- Children's age.
With all these diseases, the use of glucocorticoids is prohibited. This is due to the fact that the drug either exacerbates the process, or worsens its course. This drug should not be used in children due to the fact that the physiological production of glucocorticoid hormones may be impaired due to the failure of the adrenal cortex.
There are also some restrictions under which "Budesonide" should be prescribed with extreme caution. Instructions for use warns that people with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pheochromocytoma, callous ulcer of the stomach and duodenum should be used very carefully.
Side effect
Currently, there is no drug that does not develop this or that side effect. Unfortunately, "Budesonide" is also a drug with a rather large range of side effects of its action.
IfIf "Budesonide" is used for inhalation, then the main side effects of its use will be speech disorders (dysphonia), hoarseness, dry mouth, cough, development of paradoxical bronchospasm.
When taken orally, depression, dizziness, irritability may develop.
The cardiovascular system may respond to the introduction of "Budesonide" with the development of vasculitis, increased systemic blood pressure, tachycardia.
The drug can also cause exacerbations of gastrointestinal diseases - ulcers, pancreatitis. In addition, it stimulates the development of dyspeptic disorders.
It also negatively affects the musculoskeletal system. Osteoporosis, myasthenia gravis, joint pain may develop.
The most severe side effect is hypercortisolism syndrome. It develops due to the fact that during the period of taking glucocorticoids, the synthesis of one's own hormones decreases. If corticoids have been used for quite a long time, the adrenal glands may simply stop synthesizing physiological substances, which will necessarily affect the patient's he alth. That is why it is important to carefully control the doses of incoming hormones, as well as correctly stop taking them.
Drug dosing
In what doses should Budesonide be prescribed? Instructions for prescribing the drug provide for the following dosing regimen.
The use of the inhaled form of "Budesonide" is based on the severity of the disease. The optimal dose for an adultis 200-800 mcg per day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 1.5 mg. In children, the drug is contraindicated for use, and its analogues are prescribed according to the severity of the clinical case.
The oral form of the drug is used 30-60 minutes before a meal. Use up to 3 mg 3 times a day. The course of treatment with an oral drug is about 2 months. Withdrawal of the drug is carried out gradually in order to prevent withdrawal syndrome.
Budesonide Easyhaler is usually administered intranasally. Its dose is selected for each person individually, depending on the severity of the process. On average, 2-3 drops of the drug are used in each nostril twice a day. In children, this form of the drug is contraindicated. The course of treatment is designed for 2 weeks.
Interaction with other drugs
Some drugs, when used together with Budesonide, can impair its absorption. These medications include cytochrome P450 inhibitors. For example, if you use simultaneously "Budesonide" ("Pulmicort" - as an analogue) and drugs such as "Ketoconazole", "Erythromycin", it is possible to slow down the removal of glucocorticoid from the blood, which is fraught with the development of hormonal intoxication and the appearance of undesirable effects of the drug.
Parallel intake of "Budesonide" and some diuretics ("Indap") contributes to the development of hypokalemia in the patient's body, which will undoubtedly affect the work of the heart.
Some drugs (for example, antacids - "Almagel"), when used simultaneously with "Budesonide", have an antagonistic effect on each other, i.e. do not allow each other to exert their therapeutic effect. Because of this, it is recommended to use these drugs at least two hours apart (applies to the oral form of the drug only).
Using an inhaler
Since this medicine was created primarily for the treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract, it is worth figuring out how to prescribe them.
There are quite a lot of inhaled forms of the drug, but their use usually converges in many ways.
Firstly, these medicines are usually administered using a nebulizer. This device allows you to enter a strictly selected dose of medication into the respiratory tract. One serving of powder for inhalation is usually enough to stop the symptoms of asthma or COPD.
For this purpose, "Budesonide-native" is usually used. This drug is patented by a Russian company. In its composition, the drug carries a suspension (or powder) of Budesonide. A cassette with the drug is loaded into the nebulizer, after which, on inspiration, the drug enters the bronchi and lungs.
Some drugs are available in the form of an aerosol, which also contains Budesonide. Their trade name may differ from each other, but the active substance will still be the same glucocorticoid. If you take such a drug, you should remember thatone dose of aerosol contains 0.05 ml of active budesonide (this is important to know in order not to cause an overdose of glucocorticoids).
Drug cost
Given the size of the current drug market, it is not difficult to choose "Budesonide" for inhalation. The price for it and its analogues may vary, but it should be remembered that all the same, the main active ingredient in their composition will be budesonide. The cost of drugs will only depend on who makes the drug and whether it is a patented drug or generic.
The drug is purchased exclusively in pharmacies. How much will "Budesonide" cost? The price for it and its analogues is on average from 300 to 2000 rubles. It all depends on who the manufacturer is, and what form of release of the drug. For example, a drug such as Benacort is available in the form of capsules with powder for inhalation. On average, it costs 400 rubles. English drugs are much more expensive. For example, British-made Budesonide Formoterol costs around 2,000 rubles, which is not affordable for everyone. It is easier to buy Slovenian drugs, which are no different in terms of effectiveness, but are much cheaper.
Studies have shown that more expensive drugs are almost as good as their budget counterparts. Therefore, which drug to buy is an individual choice for everyone, depending on their needs and availability.
Drug reviews
Glucocorticoid drugs have been used by many for quite some timepatients with chronic obstruction syndrome or asthma. Practically all patients with a severe form of one of the listed diseases are prescribed Budesonide. Its analogues occupy a fairly wide cell in the register of medicines against these diseases, therefore, they also often remain at the hearing. These are medicines such as, for example, "Apulein", "Benacap", "Buderin", already mentioned above "Pulmicort" and "Benacort", etc.
According to many patients, these drugs are the best in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract. There are quite a few people who would not be helped by an inhaled form of a glucocorticoid or its combination with beta-adrenergic agonists.
With the correct dosing of the drug, it was possible to achieve a significant improvement in the condition of such patients. At present, many simply cannot imagine life and normal functioning without the use of these drugs.
However, despite the many positive reviews, there is a dark side of such a drug as "Budesonide" - the price.
For a long time there has been a trend towards free prescription of anti-asthma drugs to needy patients. All patients could come to the pharmacy and, upon presentation of the relevant document, receive a free drug for their own needs.
Currently, this is also practiced, however, the contingent who are en titled to these drugs for free has narrowed significantly. These medicines are now available free of charge.only for disabled people of groups 2 and 1, as well as for children; other people are forced to buy medicine with their own money. Given that the drug requires quite a lot, not everyone can afford such a treatment.
