Angina is an acute infectious disease caused by various microorganisms: fungi, bacteria and viruses. Most often, streptococci become the causative agent, which are transmitted from a sick person or are activated in their own body under favorable conditions for them, namely cooling or a decrease in immunity. The disease can be promoted by substances that have an irritating effect: house dust, smoke and the presence of inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx.
Causes of the inflammatory process
With angina, first of all, there is a lesion of the palatine tonsils. In most cases, the causative agents of the disease are the bacteria staphylococci and streptococci. There are two routes of transmission:
- external - airborne, through household items;
- internal - chronic inflammatory processes in the oral cavity.
Angina affects both adults and children most often in spring and autumn due to the following factors:
- weakened immunesystem;
- hypothermia;
- dusty air.
In addition, angina is often provoked by smoking and alcohol abuse.
Take antibacterials or stop them?
Self-treatment of tonsillitis with antibiotics is unacceptable. This is fraught with complications, drugs are prescribed only by a doctor based on the tests performed. Before starting therapy, you should read the instructions that came with the medicine and follow its instructions exactly. Studies show that a significant proportion of patients stop taking the medicine after the first signs of improvement, which disrupts the treatment process, and the disease becomes chronic.
It was found that out of ten people, only two clearly follow the doctor's instructions and take antibiotics according to the instructions, observing the time interval. The course of antibiotic treatment of angina is prescribed by the doctor, guided by the severity of the disease, the patient's condition. The dosage is selected depending on the weight of the person. The type of antibiotic depends on the causative agent of the infection, the absence of an allergic reaction to it and the existing chronic diseases. In adults, the duration of antibiotic therapy is 7-10 days. Violation of the intervals between doses of the drug leads to side effects and resistance of microorganisms to it.
Failure to treat angina with antibiotics contributes to the development of various complications. These can be otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, arthritis, turning into polyarthritis, pneumonia,kidney inflammation. The most formidable of them is considered acute rheumatic fever, which results in heart defects with serious myocardial disorders.
Angina, which is caused by bacteria, must be treated with antibiotics in order to continue to work and remain he althy.
Varieties and properties of drugs
Which remedy is better to prescribe for angina depends on the definition of the causative agent of the infection by laboratory tests and the patient's absence of allergy to them. Therefore, the doctor is engaged in the treatment of antibiotics for angina in adults. Depending on the group of the drug, the duration of the course of treatment is different:
- penicillins - 10 days;
- macrolides - 5 days.
Penicillin group drugs cause less harm to the body, and if the patient does not have an allergic reaction to them, then it is worth taking:
- "Amosin", "Flemoxin", "Amoxicillin", "Hikoncil". They reduce inflammation and actively fight streptococci. Do not stop before ten days.
- From the group of macrolides use: "Zitrolide", "Azithromycin", "Azitrox".
When there is no improvement in the condition within three days, and the reason lies in the resistance of bacteria to a certain antibiotic, the treatment of angina in adults is corrected. With high temperature, headaches and to facilitate the process of swallowing, use Efferalgan, Panadol, Ibuprofen.
Catarrhal angina
This form of angina is considered to be the easiest. She isdevelops with a weakened immune system and a lack of vitamins in the winter. If left untreated, it passes into lacunar or follicular tonsillitis. The causative agent of catarrhal angina is mostly adenovirus. The microbe enters the mucous membrane of the throat and tissues of the tonsils. There it multiplies and causes a superficial inflammation of the palatine arches, tonsils and posterior pharyngeal wall. Catarrhal angina is characterized by the following symptoms:
- discomfort and sore throat, which quickly turns into pain when swallowing;
- appears loss of strength, lethargy, headache, weakness, loss of appetite;
- tonsils slightly swollen, sometimes with a gray coating;
- in severe cases, body temperature rises above 38 degrees.
Symptoms may increase for three days and then gradually subside. Fully cured in ten days. Improper treatment is fraught with various complications.
Catarrhal angina treatment
It can be done without antibiotics if the causative agent is a viral infection. A doctor will help to understand this, who will conduct a study to determine the microorganism. Then a course of treatment for angina with antibiotics or antiviral agents will be prescribed. Successful recovery requires:
- compliance with bed rest, especially in the first days of the disease;
- constant gargling to remove microbes from the mucosa;
- carrying out local treatment to reduce pain and disinfect the throat with Ingalipt, Hexoral and tabletsfor resorption;
- use of "Nurofen" and "Paracetamol" at an elevated temperature of more than 38 degrees;
- drink plenty of water to reduce body toxicity;
- use of antibiotics "Amoxiclav", "Ampicillin", "Azithromycin" for the treatment of catarrhal angina in case of infection caused by bacteria;
- Cycloferon, Viferon, Kagocel are recommended for the destruction of viruses.
In the acute phase of the disease, warming procedures on the neck area and inhalations are undesirable. This will lead to the multiplication of microbes and aggravate the patient's condition. Recovery will come quickly if you follow the doctor's recommendations and follow the regimen. To help drug treatment, you can connect traditional medicine and add a vitamin complex. The use of immunomodulators will help restore immunity.
Treatment of purulent tonsillitis with antibiotics
Purulent tonsillitis is a very serious disease that develops rapidly. It is necessary to stop it in time to block the active reproduction of microorganisms and prevent serious consequences. Taking antibiotics for purulent sore throat is strictly required. The doctor prescribes them depending on the type of pathogen, symptoms and course of the disease. The main signs of pathology are as follows:
- sore throat and tonsil redness;
- a sharp rise in temperature, often above 39 degrees;
- weakness, chills, dizziness;
- signs of intoxication: nausea, vomiting;
- strong enlargement of lymph nodes;
- formation of white plaque orboils on palatine tonsils.
The doctor prescribes antibiotic treatment for purulent sore throat before receiving test results in order to prevent the development of complications. In the future, if necessary, therapy can be adjusted. Most often, with purulent sore throat, the following drugs are prescribed:
- penicillins: "Amoxiclav", "Flemoxin", "Amoxicillin";
- cephalosporins: Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Cephalexin, Cefazolin;
- macrolides: Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin.
All antibiotics used to treat angina are systemic and affect the entire body. At the same time, they also kill beneficial microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. To restore them, you need to take probiotics. Simultaneously with the treatment of angina with antibiotics, topical preparations are prescribed in the form of a spray, tablets for resorption and rinsing. They do not have a negative effect on the intestinal microflora.
When is it necessary to inject drugs?
For the treatment of angina in a purulent form, antibiotics are used for intramuscular injection. They do this for the speed of their impact on the human body. The tablet, before entering the bloodstream, must dissolve in the stomach and be absorbed in the intestines, and only then will it begin to act. When treating angina with antibiotics in injections, the drug is immediately spread by blood throughout the body and begins to work. Moreover, it does not enter the stomach and does not adversely affect its mucosa. Injectionsoften prescribed for people with gastrointestinal disorders and those who cannot swallow them due to pain or some other reason. The disadvantages of this procedure are:
- lack of a person who can properly inject;
- an allergic reaction that occurs after an injection. Possible anaphylactic shock unless tested for antibiotics.
Follicular tonsillitis
When the disease affects the palatine tonsils with the formation of follicles that are filled with pus. The main causative agent of the disease is streptococcus. You can get infected by airborne droplets and contact-household. The patient begins to feel unwell, redness of the mucous membrane, lymph nodes increase, and after two or three days the following symptoms of follicular sore throat appear:
- chills begin, body temperature rises to 40 degrees, which does not go astray;
- sore throat, bad breath;
- severe swelling of the tonsils;
- formation of follicles with yellow contents;
- general weakness, headache and joint pain;
- Irregular heart rhythm.
The patient is advised to stay in bed and treat follicular tonsillitis with antibiotics prescribed by the doctor. Relief of symptoms after a few days does not mean stopping the medication. For effective treatment, the following groups of drugs are used:
- Penicillins: Amoxicillin, Amosin, Ospamox. When recovering, "Bicillin" is indicated. All medicineshave an effect on the inflammatory process and have minimal side effects.
- Macrolides: Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Sumamed, Dirithromycin, Roxithromycin, Josamycin are prescribed when the penicillin group is not tolerated by the patient.
- Cephalosporins: "Cefalexin", "Cefazolin - have low toxicity, and are similar in action to drugs of the penicillin group.
In the treatment of sore throats at home, antibiotics destroy beneficial gastric bacteria, therefore, to restore the microflora, it is necessary to use probiotics, as well as vitamins and minerals, at the same time. To relieve sore throat and reduce inflammation, sprays, aerosols, plates and lozenges are used. The temperature is brought down by "Paracetamol".
How to treat a sore throat while breastfeeding?
The course of therapy in this case is no different from the usual treatment of angina. What antibiotics to take for a nursing mother, the doctor will tell. While taking antibacterial agents, a woman can continue to put her baby to her breast. The drugs that are allowed to be used belong to different groups of antibiotics:
- penicillins - Oxacillin, Amoxicillin, Ampiox;
- macrolides - Azithromycin, Roxithromycin, Sumamed;
- cephalosporins - Cefalexin, Cefazolin.
With all of these drugs, a woman can treat a sore throat and at the same time breastfeed her baby. To prevent dysbacteriosis, the baby should receive Bifidumbacterin, which contains bacteria to maintain normal intestinal microflora. Treatmentangina during breastfeeding with antibiotics lasts from 5 to 10 days, the usual dosages for adults are used. In exceptional cases, when a nursing mother is prescribed antibiotics that adversely affect the he alth of the child, he is weaned.
In addition, in the treatment of angina, topical preparations are shown that can alleviate the symptoms of the disease and destroy bacteria. A nursing mother can use them for the entire course while antibiotic therapy continues. The safest and most effective: aerosols - Ingalipt, Bioparox, Geksoral, Yoks and Strepsils, Stop-Angin, Septolete tablets. It is possible to use any solutions for gargling. They will help to remove plaque and speed up recovery. For this, it is recommended to use antiseptic preparations: Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Furacilin.
Telfast, Erius, Loratadin, Nimesulide, Paracetamol will help relieve fever, inflammation and headache for a nursing woman. Preparations containing acetylsalicylic acid are not recommended during breastfeeding. Folk remedies can also be used as an auxiliary treatment for angina.
Treatment of angina without fever
Sore throat and lack of temperature - this is how catarrhal tonsillitis proceeds, the symptoms of which may be weakness, soreness and perspiration in the throat, headache and inflammation of the lymph nodes adjacent to the palatine tonsils. Often this type of sore throat occurs when the body is cooled or as a complication after SARS and influenza. suppurationtonsils do not occur, so the temperature may not rise. Nevertheless, the disease is serious even without fever, so antibiotics are required to treat angina without fever.
The course is carried out for 5-10 days, despite the fact that the symptoms may disappear after three days. Premature discontinuation of antibiotics threatens with the addiction of bacteria to the drug, the return of the disease and serious complications. Doctors recommend using drugs of the penicillin group: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin. The pharmacy has a large assortment of these drugs. However, it should be borne in mind that only a doctor can choose the right therapy and paint a treatment regimen for angina with antibiotics. In addition, drugs for irrigating the throat, absorbable tablets and frequent rinsing are used. A set of measures will quickly defeat a sore throat.
Treatment of sore throat in children
This disease in children is not uncommon. Not without antibiotic treatment. This is the only means by which you can destroy the pathogens of angina. No matter how negatively parents treat antibacterial drugs, they have to be used. For children, the most effective are:
- Penicillins: Benzylpenicillin, Flemoxin, Ampiox, Amoxiclav, Amoxil, Amoxicillin. They are the most sought after for the treatment of angina in children with antibiotics.
- Macrolides: Sumamed, Chemocin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Roxithromycin, Midecamycin, Oleandomycin. Effectivemild agents are used when there are contraindications to the penicillin group.
- Cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefalexin, Cefazolin, Cefaclor, Cefixime. They are strong antibiotics and are prescribed when the child has intolerance to drugs of the penicillin and macrolide group or in severe angina.
For therapy, a specific scheme is used, the course of treatment of which is up to ten days. It is impossible to stop taking the drug ahead of time in any case, even with a significant improvement in the child's condition. In addition, parents should not choose antibiotics for the treatment of angina in children, this will be done by the doctor. Due to an incorrectly selected drug, the disease can become chronic or provoke a complication.
In addition to antibacterial agents, drugs are used to prevent dysbacteriosis: Bifidumbacterin, Linex, Acipol, Florin Forte, Probifor, antihistamines Suprastin, Diazolin. At a high temperature, Panadol, Paracetamol are prescribed. Vitamins and microelements are necessary for quick recovery after an illness.
In conclusion, it should be noted that tonsillitis is a complex disease and for recovery, both adults and children need complex treatment in compliance with all doctor's recommendations.
