Before giving a list of names of pills for low or high blood pressure, you need to figure out what pressure is in a person, what can provoke an increase or decrease in pressure, and why it is dangerous.
What is pressure?
It's no secret that blood flows through the vessels - these are capillaries, arteries and veins. Blood pressure is the force with which blood presses against the walls of blood vessels.
There are four types of pressure:
- Intracardiac. Blood pressure in the heart cavities, which changes with the change in heart rate.
- Capillary. The process takes place inside the capillaries.
- Venous. Blood presses against the walls of the veins.
- Arterial. Passes in large arteries due to contractions of the heart muscles.
Since the diagnosis of blood pressure is very important for the body, this article will focus on this. And you will find the names of pressure pills (alphabetical list) later in this article.
Blood pressure measurement
Pressure is measured using twoparameters: systolic and diastolic values. Systolic pressure, otherwise known as upper pressure, is recorded in the artery when the heart is compressed most strongly. Diastolic is called the bottom, this is when the heart muscles are most relaxed.
If you look at these indicators from a physical point of view, then blood pressure shows the number of mm. rt. Art., on which the vascular pressure is higher than atmospheric. These indicators are fixed in two numbers through a fraction, for example 125/80, where the systolic is 125 millimeters of mercury, and the diastolic is 80 millimeters. The difference between these numbers is called pulse pressure.
What is normal pressure?
The value of blood pressure cannot be the same throughout life and in different physical conditions of the body, because it can be influenced by factors and circumstances of lifestyle, stress, work activity. So, for example, if a person goes in for sports, during training, his performance will be higher, and in a state of rest, much lower. Stress also affects the number: it increases. But during the sleep period of a person, the pressure is slightly lower than normal. However, the measurement must be carried out in a state of complete rest, when the body is relaxed, but at the same time awake. During life, there are also significant changes: in children, the pressure is lower than in adults. Also, with an unstable hormonal background (puberty, pregnancy), the indicator may be increased.
With the passage of time and the development of medical technology, the normblood pressure fluctuated frequently. About fifty years ago, doctors believed that there was a direct relationship between pressure and age, but now doctors have accepted a single value for any age and gender, but still there are slight deviations in age that can be considered the norm.
It would be wrong to name the exact figure of a normal indicator due to the fact that different people lead a different lifestyle. Let's just try to outline the boundaries when pressure can be considered high or low. Pathology is a value above 135/85. If this figure is more than 145/90, then this is a clear sign of hypertension. In this case, it is necessary to take pills for pressure (we will give the names below). A reading below 100/60 can be considered low blood pressure and requires a diagnosis and treatment.
So, normal blood pressure can be considered a range of values from 110/65 to 120/75. The difference between systolic and diastolic values should not exceed 55 and be at least 30. Such values do not require medical intervention and are good "working" numbers.
High blood pressure: what to do?
A slight increase in blood pressure is imperceptible to a person, and therefore it is very dangerous, because it leads to hypertension syndromes. The popular name is "silent killer". It is this disease that is annually the root cause of a huge number of deaths not only among the elderly, but also among young people. If an organism sufferingdisease, does not receive the necessary treatment, then malignant hypertension develops, and human resources dry up in just six months.
Also, high blood pressure can cause the following diseases:
- Strokes.
- Heart arrhythmia.
- Heart attacks.
- Renal colic and kidney failure.
- Increased intraocular pressure.
High blood pressure drug groups
- ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme).
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).
- Calcium channel antagonists.
- Diuretics.
- Beta-blockers.
In the following sections of the article, we will take a closer look at each of the groups and give a list of high blood pressure pills. The names of the drugs may differ, while the constituent substance may be the same.
ACE Inhibitors
This group of drugs is the most extensive among drugs for high blood pressure. The principle of action of inhibitors is based on blocking the activity of the reninangiotensin system, which is what allows you to maintain normal pressure. Inhibitors themselves are inactive substances, pressure reduction occurs due to the active metabolite, which is formed in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. These drugs are taken once a day, the effect comes after one hour and can last for about a day.
Names of high blood pressure pills in alphabetical order:
- "Captopril" is known to all hypertensive patients. This is the name of the pills for high blood pressure. A pill is placed under the tongue and held until completely dissolved. For these tablets, the effect does not last long, but the pressure drop occurs as quickly as possible, so it is usually used in a hypertensive crisis. There are 2 types of reception: under the tongue and inside. In long-term treatment of hypertension, it is usually not used due to the short duration of action.
- "Lisinopril". A popular drug with a long-term effect and a small list of side effects. The decrease in pressure occurs after an hour and lasts for one day.
- "Perindopril". This drug has a weak antihypertensive effect. therefore it is used in the treatment of heart failure rather than hypertension. The effect appears only 5 hours after ingestion, but lasts about 1.5 days.
- "Ramipril". The drug not only reduces blood pressure, but is also used to prevent strokes, and in case of a heart attack it stops the spread of necrosis. The drug manifests itself after an hour and lasts about a day.
- "Trandolapril". The most effective drug for coronary heart disease. An hour later, it begins to act and retains its effect for about a day.
- "Fosinopril". The drug from the latest generation of inhibitors is excreted by the liver and kidneys in equal proportions, which allows it to be taken by patients with kidney diseases. Valid 24 hours.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
These drugs block the action of renin,which originates in the kidneys during hypoxia due to high blood pressure. Renin turns into angiotensin, which is a provocateur of spasm of the walls of blood vessels.
Names of blood pressure pills:
- "Irbesartan". The drug completely controls the pressure during the day.
- "Cardosal". The drug blocks angiotensin and increases the gaps in the walls of the arteries, stimulates cardiac activity. Taken once daily.
- "Losartan". The principle of operation is the same as that of other sartans, more convenient because the effect lasts longer with a minimum number of contraindications.
Calcium channel antagonists
This group of drugs slows down the movement of calcium cells through the channels inside the vascular walls. Thanks to this, vasospasm is stopped, which helps to reduce pressure.
Pills for high blood pressure (names, list):
- "Verapamil". Similarly, relieves spasm in the arteries, has excellent absorption and rapid elimination.
- "Nifedipine". Arterial tone decreases due to inhibition of calcium intake. Does not accumulate in the body, has a long effect and few side effects.
- "Felodipine". Compared to other drugs, it does not cause swelling. Valid for approximately 24 hours.
Diuretics
These drugs are usually used in combination with other drugs. Diuretics remove excess fluids from the body and sodium, due to thisthere is a decrease in pressure.
Pills for pressure (alphabetical names):
- "Hydrochlorothiazide". Used to treat hypertension in small quantities, as the drug adversely affects metabolism. The effect lasts less than a day.
- "Indipamide". The effect on metabolic processes is much less, the action is uniform throughout the day.
- "Spironolactone". The difference from other diuretics is that the drug retains potassium in the body.
- "Torasemide". No effect on the level of potassium in the body, uniform action throughout the day.
Beta-blockers
Used in combination with other drugs, do not affect the functioning of the heart. As a rule, they are prescribed to patients who have had heart attacks or heart failure.
Names of blood pressure pills:
- "Bisoprolol". When taking the drug, the activity of renin in the blood decreases, which means that the vascular tone decreases, therefore, the pressure decreases. The drug is used according to a special scheme - the first 2 weeks without diuretics, then in combination with them.
- "Metoprolol". Reduces heart rate, myocardial oxygen demand decreases.
- "Talinolol". In addition to direct action, the drug affects the heart rate. It is given to the patient often - 3 times a day.
Low blood pressure
Blood pressure below normal is called hypotension. A decrease in pressure impedes the blood circulation of the heart, respectively, worsensand brain oxygenation. If you suffer from low blood pressure throughout your life, perhaps this is a physiological feature, but a sharp decrease in pressure indicates diseases. As a rule, hypotension is characterized by headaches, dizziness, cold extremities and a state close to fainting.
If we evaluate the risks of hypotension, they increase with age: there is a higher probability of the formation of vascular plaques that impede blood flow inside the vessels and reduce the blood supply to the brain. Also, hypotensive patients are prone to anemia and low blood sugar, fatigue and absent-mindedness.
Causes of hypotension:
- low human body temperature;
- dehydration;
- allergies;
- alcoholism;
- avitaminosis;
- occlusion of blood vessels.
How to understand that the pressure has dropped?
The following are a few factors that you can feel when you feel that there has been a sharp decrease in pressure:
- feeling weak and slow;
- drowsy state;
- excessive sweating;
- nausea, possible vomiting;
- fainting.
Drugs for hypotension
If you have diagnosed yourself with low blood pressure, which is unusual for your body, you should immediately take measures to increase pressure. There are many folk methods that really help, for example a cup of strong coffee, you should start with it. Also, many hypotensive patients practice taking baths withessential oils. There are now a huge number of modern names of pills that increase blood pressure, so if your he alth has not improved, then you need to resort to medications. Be sure to read the instructions before taking.
Names of blood pressure pills (list):
- "Aspirin". It does not have the effect of increasing pressure, but it is an excellent blood thinner, which will help to remove a headache, if, of course, it was caused by hypotension.
- "Askofen". Contains caffeine, aspirin and paracetamol in small doses.
- "Gutron" or "Midodrin". Applied with a decrease in pressure due to stress. The pressure rises due to the narrowing of the blood vessels. The effect of the drug occurs almost instantly, within 10 minutes, the symptoms in the form of nausea and dizziness also relieve quickly.
- "Caffeine". Quickly fights the symptoms of hypotension due to the release of adrenaline into the body.
- "Papazol". Of all the names of low blood pressure pills, Papazol is the fastest. The action of the drug occurs due to the relaxation of the heart vessels and cerebral vessels.
- "Rantarine". The active substance is deer antler extract. Reviews of the pills are controversial, as the remedy causes nausea.
- "Symptole". This is a solution in ampoules, which, according to the instructions, should be poured onto a piece of refined sugar and taken before eating.
- "Citramon". The most popular tool and the most budgetary. Ingredients: paracetamol, aspirin, caffeine. Taken according to the weight of the patient, one tablet per 20 kilograms.
- "Ekdisten". Another herbal preparation, the active substance is leuzea extract. Causes insomnia, should be taken with caution.
