Vaginoplasty (colpoplasty, vaginoplasty, intimate plastic) is a type of surgical intervention that involves the effective elimination of sprains and internal injuries, restoration of muscle tone lost for one reason or another, as well as recreating the natural structure of the vagina.
The operation is performed not only for medical reasons, that is, to eliminate pathologies of the pelvic organs and various gynecological diseases, but also for aesthetic reasons. Posterior or anterior vaginal plasty is a technically complex procedure. During the intervention, the doctor needs not only to narrow the genital organ, but also to restore the anatomically correct structure of the female organs.
Next, we will talk about indications for surgery, contraindications, preparation, the course of surgery, as well as recovery after vaginal plastic surgery. Let us consider in more detail a wide range of issues related to this manipulation. Also, attention will be paid to vaginal plastic reviews from women who have already undergone thisprocedure.
Medical indications
During the plastic surgery of the vagina, the shape of the penis, changed for any reason, is normalized. During childbirth, the female body experiences severe stress, in the process of passing the child through the birth canal, the walls of the genital organ are significantly stretched. In some cases, labor activity may be accompanied by muscle ruptures of varying severity. These muscles support the internal organs of a woman in a physiologically normal position.
To prevent profuse blood loss, doctors usually put stitches on the tears (if they are extensive). Over time, scars may remain at the site of the sutures, which significantly reduce the degree of muscle contraction. As a result, the width of the vagina increases, the genital slit begins to gape, the woman's ability to experience an orgasm decreases, and therefore, sexual desire also decreases. All this can lead to problems that are absolutely not related to he alth, namely, a violation of relations in the family, between spouses.
In the event that the gaps are very strong, and the muscles are deeply damaged, the walls of the penis fall, the uterus falls out. As a result, sexual intercourse may be accompanied by painful sensations in a woman, there is partial or even complete incontinence of urine and gases. It is from these problems that the plastic of the walls of the vagina helps to get rid of. However, all kinds of violations of labor activity, which lead to the fact that the walls of the vagina lose their elasticity, are not the only reasons for carrying outintervention.
The operation (vaginoplasty) is performed for the following reasons, they are also listed as indications:
- Congenital features of the anatomical structure of the genital organs. Colpoplasty is indicated for atresia of the hymen (this is the obstruction of the entrance and obstruction of the septum, which prevents the release of menstrual blood and secretions), the absence of a connection between the uterus and the vagina, the duplication of the female genital organs (a congenital anomaly, which is characterized by the presence of two separate uteruses and two vaginas), complete the absence of a woman's vagina.
- Birth trauma. This is the most common reason for having a vaginal plasty surgery. A woman may be concerned about the width of the vagina, which after childbirth does not take its original shape for a long time, a decrease in the lumen, excess volume, a change in the position of the vagina due to the overgrowth of scars and scars, the appearance of passages between the vagina and the rectum or ureters, which form at the sites of deep tissue ruptures.
- Age-related changes. With the approach of menopause, there is a decrease in the tone of the muscles of the perineum, the elasticity of the ligamentous apparatus and the omission of the female genital organs. In this case, a woman may experience a sensation of a foreign body, vaginal prolapse may also be characteristic when the abdominal muscles are tense, sometimes it becomes possible to feel the cervix at the entrance to the vagina.
Contraindications
Despite the fact that surgery is quite technically difficultevent, after vaginal plasty at the control appointment, complications are rarely noted. Manipulation has very favorable forecasts. Contraindications for plasty of the walls of the vagina are:
- Diabetes mellitus, that is, the production of insufficient insulin or the body's resistance to its own insulin.
- Presence of any infectious diseases, including seasonal colds, flu, tuberculosis, STIs, blood infections.
- Oncological diseases of any localization and severity.
- Blood clotting disorders, taking anticoagulants - drugs that inhibit the activity of the blood coagulation system.
- The tendency to form hypertrophic scars, which are not only a cosmetic defect, but also give pain.
- Some chronic and all acute diseases of the internal organs, respiratory system, heart and blood vessels.
- The presence of acute inflammatory processes in the body.
In addition, vaginal plastic surgery is performed under general anesthesia, so the anesthesiologist must also give the go-ahead for the intervention. Contraindications to anesthesia are:
- On the part of the nervous system: the presence of acute neurological disorders, any mental illness, epilepsy, convulsions.
- Immune System Disorders: Vaccination less than two weeks old, certain allergies, and intolerance to certain medications.
- On the part of the respiratory system: acute bronchitis or chronic, with significantobstruction, pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchial asthma in the period of exacerbation.
- On the part of the heart and blood vessels: severe heart failure, frequent crises, severe arterial hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias.
Types of operation
Vaginoplasty is of two main types. In the first case, the patient's own tissues are used, that is, first, the surgeon excised the "extra" tissues, which connect the edges of the wound, reducing the lumen of the vagina. This is most often done if the ultimate goal is to narrow the entrance and strengthen the pelvis due to the plasticity of the anterior wall. Muscles are not affected during such a surgical intervention, sutures are placed on the muscle layers, and then the edges of the mucosa are sutured.
Plasty with implants is used to fix the walls when the vagina prolapses or prolapses. During the operation, the sutures are fixed with a special mesh, which sprouts with connective tissue and dissolves over time without a trace. This ensures long-term positive results of plastic surgery.
In addition, plastic can be performed on the anterior or posterior wall of the vagina, and the doctor may also advise only to suture the entrance to the vagina, and leave the rest unchanged. Here it is better to rely on the recommendations of a physician who will advise the best option depending on the patient's he alth status, her wishes and the condition of the vagina.
Also, vaginal plastic surgery can be an independent operation or a complex one, that is, carried out together with correctionshape or fixation of the labia majora, clitoris enlargement, and so on.
Preparing for the procedure
Vaginoplasty after childbirth (as in all other cases) requires careful preparation of the patient. Previously, a woman takes the necessary tests: a vaginal smear for microflora, blood for hepatitis, syphilis and HIV.
Be sure the patient undergoes a consultation with a plastic surgeon, which includes an examination on a gynecological chair. This is necessary so that the surgeon can obtain information about the condition of the vagina and perineum, as well as select the optimal form of the operation.
In addition, during the preparation for vaginal plastic surgery, a woman will have to visit a therapist, do a chest x-ray, ECG and undergo other studies to make sure there are no contraindications. In some cases, the list of analyzes and studies can be expanded. Usually, the final list of appointed specialists and tests depends on the patient's state of he alth and the volume of the proposed intimate vaginal plastic surgery.
A meeting with an anesthesiologist is also required, who must confirm the absence of contraindications to general anesthesia.
A patient should follow these guidelines before surgery:
- Give up drinking alcohol and smoking two weeks before intimate plastic surgery.
- Start taking antibiotics and antiviral drugs a week in advance to avoid suppuration or recurrence of viral infections after surgery. Recipe for thesemedicines should only be prescribed by a doctor.
- During the day, limit the diet to a light breakfast and drink at least 1.5-2 liters of pure water without gas. On the day of plastic surgery, you can not eat or drink anything.
As a rule, intimate plastic surgery is carried out in the first days after the end of the next critical days.
Operating
The average duration of a surgical intervention is from 30 to 60 minutes, a complex operation lasts 1.5-2 hours. Intimate plastic surgery is performed in an operating room equipped for general anesthesia. For anesthesia, intravenous or inhalation methods of administering anesthetics, epidural anesthesia with medical sedation can be used, which makes it possible to create the most comfortable and safe conditions for the procedure.
The vagina is reduced by removing a small amount of tissue. If the anterior wall is stretched, then the plastic of the anterior wall is performed, if the posterior wall is posterior colporrhaphy. Careful excision of scars, if any, is provided. If surgery is necessary to treat urinary incontinence, special threads are passed under the urethra to prevent it from prolapsing.
After the operation, there are no visible traces of intervention. Then the patient must stay in the clinic for some time, where she will be monitored permanently by qualified doctors. After the plastic surgery of the vagina, bed rest and treatment of the entrance to the vagina with antiseptic douching is indicated. Before discharge from the hospital, a woman is givengeneral and individual recommendations, and after some time a control reception is carried out.
Rehabilitation period
Full recovery after surgical or laser vaginal plastic surgery lasts about two months, for about a year a woman needs to observe some lifestyle restrictions, for example, not to lift objects that are heavier than five kilograms. In the postoperative period, the first three to five days should be strictly observed bed rest (at this time, the woman is still under the supervision of attentive doctors). It is undesirable to sit down for ten days. For another two months, you can not do serious housework, exercise and lift heavy objects. You can't ride a bike either.
During the year after the intervention, you can not lift weights that weigh more than five kilograms. This is a great opportunity to let other people take care of you.
Immediately after the plastic surgery of the vagina (photo below), you can not eat, you can only drink fruit drinks or clean water. The first two months you need to eat only those foods that will not cause increased gas formation, bloating, because it can provoke problems in the functioning of the pelvic organs, as well as an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. Reduce the amount of solid foods in your diet as they can cause constipation.
Postoperative sutures are usually removed from the perineum on the seventh or tenth day, but they are not removed from the vagina at all, as with plasticvaginas usually use absorbable threads. Within a week after surgery, you need to treat the area with an antiseptic solution.
Within 2 months after the plastic surgery of the vagina (the uterus in most cases is not affected, unless it is necessary), intimacy should be abandoned, in the second month only vaginal contact is prohibited, but you can have anal and oral sex. Even arousal in the first couple of weeks after the intervention can have a negative effect: it will provoke blood flow to the organs, which can cause suture dehiscence, as well as increase postoperative edema.
Consequences of the operation
Of course, during the rehabilitation period, the patient is likely to face some adverse effects of vaginal plastic surgery. After the operation, a pronounced swelling of the genital organs is noticeable, pain or hematomas may appear. Severe swelling usually subsides within the first two weeks of the recovery period. Completely this consequence is eliminated by itself in about two months. Pain in the lower abdomen also passes quickly enough, namely in two to three weeks. Pain is usually of moderate intensity, so pain medication may be needed.
Subcutaneous bruises do not require additional treatment unless they grow and are not accompanied by pain. In the latter case, you must definitely consult a doctor. The pelvic organs are well supplied with blood, so all of a suddenopen bleeding can lead to significant blood loss.
Plasty before childbirth
For medical reasons, vaginal plastic surgery can be performed on nulliparous girls. But it is very rare. In this case, after the birth of the child (if it is not a cesarean), a repeat of the procedure will be required. Also, women who have had vaginoplasty after their first childbirth should plan to repeat the operation after the birth of their second or third baby.
Combination with other operations
Anterior or posterior vaginal plasty can be performed as an independent operation, or in conjunction with other types of procedures. For example, sometimes such a surgical intervention is combined with an operation to strengthen the pelvic bones, that is, levatoroplasty.
Operation cost
In Moscow, several clinics can do vaginal plastic surgery for medical reasons. In the treatment and rehabilitation center near the metro station "Spartak" the procedure will cost from 30 thousand rubles, in the clinic of laser cosmetology and medicine Vita - from 26 thousand. About 40-50 thousand rubles is the cost of vaginal plastic surgery for prolapse or other problems at the Happy Family and Estet Clinic clinics. In Frau Clinic, the operation will cost at least 70 thousand rubles.
Minimally invasive methods
Correction of the female perineum can also be performed using minimally invasive methods. This is the name of operations that are carried out without incisions, but only through minor punctures or natural physiological openings. Thread Perineoplasty(narrowing of the vagina, an alternative to intimate plastic surgery) strengthens the perineum, creating an organic framework. The duration of the procedure is about one hour, and the patient can return home on the same day. The result of the manipulation is an increase in the quality of a woman's sexual life, the prevention of infectious diseases of the vagina and prolapse of the pelvic organs. Perineoplasty is a worthy alternative to the "classic" intimate plastic surgery. The cost of such a procedure is 80-100 thousand rubles, excluding the price of threads.
Also minimally invasive (alternative) methods of narrowing the vagina include laser correction. During this procedure, the tissues of the vagina are evenly heated using a laser. In this case, the area of the zone that is affected during the operation is significantly reduced. The laser provokes the work of its own skin cells, as a result, the body begins to actively produce its own collagen, that is, a protein that becomes the “building material”, the “framework” of the vagina. It also increases the tone, improves the elasticity of the walls, the mucosa becomes denser. After the first session, the sensations of intimacy become much richer.
Laser plastic surgery of the intimate area does not require any lengthy preparation, as is the case with surgery. The tissues after the laser recover very quickly, there is no bleeding, the risk of infection or the development of any complications. Indications for laser correction are:
- low wall tone;
- urinary incontinence;
- decreasesensitivity during intimate contact;
- stretching of the vagina after childbirth;
- natural age-related changes in the walls;
- excessive vaginal dryness, which is especially common during menopause;
- women's dissatisfaction with sex life.
Typically, clients of laser rejuvenation clinics are young mothers who want to get rid of postpartum changes, as well as women entering the menopause to correct the damage caused by hormonal imbalances and time.
The cost of laser intimate plastic surgery in Moscow is about 20-30 thousand rubles. Sometimes 2-3 treatments may be required, which will affect the cost.
Conservative treatment
Vaginoplasty for prolapse or other women's problems is in most cases not the only method of treatment. There are still conservative ways that will help with minor problems. It is up to the doctor to decide whether surgery is necessary in each specific case. Firstly, the doctor may advise you to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor and the ligamentous apparatus with the help of special gymnastics. Secondly, it is recommended to wear special latex, rubber or plastic rings that are put on the cervix and fix the genitals while standing and walking. These rings do not interfere with normal life, only you need to remember to take them off at night, monitor hygiene and regularly go for preventive gynecological examinations. Also actively used physiotherapy and various typesmassage.
You can train the muscles of the vagina with the help of gymnastics with Kegel exercises or doing Pilates. Kegel exercises allow you to bring the vagina into shape in just six to twelve weeks. At the same time, you only need to practice for five minutes every day. Here are the basic exercises:
- Squeeze your muscles as if you were interrupting the process of urination. Three sets of ten compressions are enough.
- Insert your finger into the vagina and squeeze it several times with the internal muscles.
- Get into a comfortable position and tighten your pelvic floor muscles. Hold them like this for 10 seconds, if this seems difficult at first, start with 4-5 seconds. Then relax for 10 seconds. The exercise should be repeated 8-10 times.
Feedback on the procedure
Women who have undergone surgery speak of a long preparation and a rather difficult recovery period. Standing and especially sitting is very, very painful for another two weeks, no less. Only a month later, many women noted an improvement in their condition and a decrease in pain. Operations on the back wall, many patients endure much easier than on the front. All women who have had vaginal plastic surgery say in their reviews that you need to choose a good doctor. A physician must be a professional in his field, have extensive practical experience, and be liked by the patient (this is also important for establishing contact with the doctor). As for the results of surgery, all women note a significant improvement in intimate life.
Beforeto decide on plastic surgery of the anterior wall of the vagina (as well as any other operation), you need to carefully weigh all the pros and cons, possible risks and consequences. It is advisable to consult with several specialists before plastic surgery. It is necessary to do the operation only after the birth of the baby. Please note that if you want another child later, then the intervention will need to be repeated after the next birth. Thus, you need to think everything over very, very well, and only then start preparing for the operation.
