Until now, there is no consensus in medicine about whether hypotension is a disease. Some believe that since hypotension (also called hypotension) has a whole range of symptoms, it may well be defined as a separate disease, while others prefer to consider it a physiological feature of the body.
Today we will find out how arterial hypotension manifests itself and what causes arterial hypotension, what this disease is and how it is treated.
Who suffers from arterial hypotension
Hypotension is considered a prolonged state in which the upper (systolic) pressure does not rise above 90 mm Hg. Art., and the lower (diastolic) - 60 mm Hg. st.
Women from 30 to 40 years old, however, sometimes younger (as a rule, these are people engaged in mental work), more often than men,diagnosed with hypotension.
The reasons for lowering pressure sometimes lie in the peculiarities of the body's adaptation to new climatic conditions, in constant overload (for example, in athletes), and in some cases hypotension can act as a manifestation of an allergic reaction.
Is hypotension dangerous
And although, for example, against the background of hypertension, hypotension seems to be a rather harmless disruption of the functioning of blood vessels, nevertheless it causes great inconvenience and interferes with a full life. In addition, hypotension can lead to serious disturbances in the functioning of other body systems. Therefore, the treatment of this disease must be carried out under the supervision of a cardiologist.
Who has hypotension not considered a disease
In some apparently he althy people, there is a constant low level of pressure, which in medicine is considered to be physiological. As a rule, these persons differ only in that their venous vessels have a reduced tone. The total capacity of these vessels is greater than that of the arteries, which means that some of the circulating blood may be retained in them, due to which its return to the heart is delayed and thus reduces cardiac output.
Being generally he althy, people with a tendency to hypotensive reactions tolerate heat worse than cold. Often, when trying to stand up abruptly, their eyes can darken, but walking and muscle activity significantly improve their well-being.
Symptoms of arterial hypotension
Feature of hypotensionIt manifests itself in the fact that the objective state of the body often does not confirm the presence of poor he alth in the patient. The objective symptoms of the disease include only a decrease in pressure and vegetative signs: sweating of the feet and hands, pallor and low body temperature (up to 36 ° C). But the person at the same time feels broken and sick.
The subjective symptoms of arterial hypotension described by patients are lethargy, weakness, bad mood, irritability. The affected person may have impaired memory, impaired ability to concentrate. A person becomes distracted, emotionally unstable, he is annoyed by loud speech and bright lights. The main sign of a violation of pressure is headache and dizziness.
By the way, a headache can be caused by prolonged exercise, rich food, and weather changes. Women with hypotension often have a violation of the cycle of menstruation, besides, they are usually painful and weak, and in men, low blood pressure is accompanied by a decrease in potency.
Intracranial hypotension - what is it?
Hypotension can be primary, that is, hereditary, or secondary - appear as a result of a number of diseases (anemia, peptic ulcer, liver cirrhosis, tuberculosis) or medication.
So, for example, intracranial hypotension is secondary and is caused by a contusion or concussion of the brain, liquorrhea (outflow or decrease in secretion of cerebrospinal fluid).
Sickfeels lethargy, nausea, dizziness and general exhaustion. Fog appears before the eyes, vomiting may occur. True, arterial hypotension is often characterized by all these signs. The symptoms characteristic of intracranial pathology are an increase in parietal or temporal pain when trying to turn the head from side to side or tilt it.
If intracranial hypotension is caused by liquorrhea, then the risk factor increases, since infection can enter the cranial cavity, and this can cause, in turn, meningitis or meningoencephalitis.
How orthostatic hypotension occurs
Postural or, in other words, orthostatic hypotension, the causes of which we will now consider, is also secondary and is accompanied by a sharp decrease in pressure at the moment when a person tries to quickly rise from a horizontal position to a vertical one.
This phenomenon is due to several reasons:
- inability of blood vessels to maintain normal blood pressure;
- taking diuretics or other medications;
- diabetic;
- addicted to alcohol;
- various diseases of the spinal cord.
Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by general weakness, palpitations, the patient, as a rule, darkens in the eyes and is very dizzy. In addition, nausea, sweating and chills appear. All these symptoms are aggravated as soon as the patient gets up. With the developmentof this pathology, attempts to rise sharply may be accompanied by fainting.
Hypotension treatment
In the treatment of secondary hypotension, as a rule, special attention is paid to the underlying disease, which, in turn, leads to normalization of pressure and improvement of well-being.
The main drugs for hypotension are general stimulant medications containing caffeine. In addition, the patient is advised to avoid exposure to high and low temperatures, increase sleep duration to 10-12 hours and eat well - at least 4 times a day.
At low pressure, massage and contrast showers have a good effect. Unlike hypertensive patients, patients with hypotension are urged to increase the amount of s alt they consume, since sodium, which is part of it, increases the volume of fluid in the body and increases blood pressure.
From folk remedies to improve the condition, it is proposed to take ginseng tincture (up to 20 drops) twice a day before meals, lemongrass tincture (the same amount per tablespoon of water, half an hour before meals). Tinctures and decoctions of immortelle, zamaniha and leuzea extract have proven themselves well.
What else is useful for hypotension
It is useful for hypotensive patients to drink tonic drinks - tea and coffee. True, we must remember that we are not talking about ten cups a day, but about a serving of strong, well-brewed coffee in the morning - then it will bring not only pleasure, but also benefits.
It must be remembered in the presence of such a diagnosis,like hypotension, which is an ailment in which you need to properly organize your sleep. Not only its duration is important, but also how and on what you sleep. The headboard should never be low. Choose a mattress of medium firmness. When you wake up, lie down for a while, gently stretch, and only then get up. So you will avoid an attack of orthostatic hypotension, which we wrote about above.
And know that it is very useful for a person prone to lowering pressure to have hobbies and activities that create a positive attitude. The feeling that you are surrounded by loving and beloved people, a fulfilling sex life, an interesting job will help you cope not only with hypotension, but also with many cardiovascular diseases.
