Temperature without symptoms in an adult: possible causes and treatment

2024 Author: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 20:44

In the article, we will consider the causes of fever without symptoms. What can this pathology mean?

Rise in temperature is a very common occurrence. However, it is usually accompanied by certain concomitant symptoms that may indicate the development of a particular disease. In the absence of such, it is very difficult to determine the disease, so patients often worry about this.

What is the norm?

Normal temperatures in he althy people can vary, while temperatures up to 37 degrees are not considered pathologically high. Such fluctuations can occur in the presence of a wide variety of factors - under the influence of stress, with changing climatic conditions, after illness, etc.

So, let's look at the main causes of fever without symptoms in adults.

Causes of pathology

In addition to external factors contributing to the increase in temperature, there are also internal ones, due towhich it can increase, but at the same time, there are no signs of a cold in a person. In certain cases, other symptoms of a disease may appear, which greatly facilitates the diagnosis, however, this may not happen. In order to make a diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo some laboratory tests, for example, to take urine, blood or other biological materials. For a temperature without symptoms in an adult, this will help determine the treatment.

Possible causes of asymptomatic fever

The main causes of asymptomatic fever are:

1. Diseases caused by infection with pathogenic microorganisms, which are viruses, fungi, bacteria and parasites. In this case, it is advisable to start treatment immediately, without waiting for the appearance of concomitant symptoms of this pathology and focusing on the nature of the temperature increase. When a febrile fever occurs, when the temperature rises to 38-39 degrees, intoxication occurs with the waste products of infectious agents. In this case, the development of diseases such as SARS, influenza, catarrhal tonsillitis is possible. Why else would you get a fever without cold symptoms?
2. In an adult with various purulent inflammations, as well as with tuberculosis, as a rule, an abrupt onset of high temperature is observed.
3. Its gradual decrease over several days may indicate the development of such pathologies as malaria, motor neuron disease. ExceptMoreover, similar phenomena are often observed in violation of the functioning of the organs of the excretory system.
4. Steady high fever may be the main symptom of typhoid and some others.
5. Tumor formations. In this case, the use of antipyretics does not give any effect, since the patient's feverish condition is associated with pathological changes in the tissues of the affected organ.
6. Injuries. Temperature without symptoms of a cold in an adult in this case may be due to inflamed wounds, fractures, or after surgical interventions.
7. Porfiria.
8. Diseases of the endocrine system.
9. Hemolysis and blood diseases.
10. Heart attack.
11. Inflammation of the kidneys. The temperature in this state rises, as a rule, to 37-38 degrees and often this is the only sign of the disease. With pyelonephritis, it is not recommended to bring down the temperature, since its increase indicates the fight against the disease by natural forces.
12. Allergy. An increase in temperature without symptoms in an adult with allergic reactions is slight and spasmodic.
13. Inflammation and various systemic diseases, such as autoimmune diseases - lupus, periarthritis nodosa, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, polyarthritis, allergic vasculitis, Crohn's disease.
14. Development of meningococcal infection in an adult. The temperature without symptoms at the same time rises to almost 40 degrees, and it is practically impossible to bring it down, or it goes astray, but for a very short time. The characteristic symptoms do not appear immediately. When this disease occurs, it is important to hospitalize the patient on time.
15. Infective endocarditis. The disease develops after a sore throat or flu. The temperature rises significantly, sometimes up to 40 degrees.
16. Disruption of the hypothalamus. The causes of occurrence, as well as methods of treatment of this pathology, are currently unknown. In this case, sedatives are most often used to reduce fever and eliminate symptoms.
17. Mental disorders. For example, febrile schizophrenia is often accompanied by a characteristic febrile syndrome.
18. Malaria. Fever may be accompanied by severe headache, severe trembling, coldness of the extremities, delirium. Periodically, the high temperature in an adult noticeably decreases, and this happens with a certain cyclicity of several hours or days.
19. Endocarditis. This disease occurs against the background of inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, provoked by the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body. The main signs of such a pathology are pain in the heart, profuse fetid sweating, intoxication of the body. The fever is permanent or hectic in nature.
20. Various blood diseases, such as lymphoma, leukemia. In addition to an increase in body temperature, phenomena such as skin rash, sudden weight loss, and intoxication are often observed.

Also why does an adult have a fever without symptoms?

Slight increase in temperature

There arecases of asymptomatic fever, when this condition does not pose a special danger to a person. This can happen under the following circumstances:

1. If fever with a slight increase in temperature occurs frequently, then this may be one of the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia.
2. Overheating of the body. May occur with prolonged exposure to the sun, sauna, etc.
3. Adolescence in boys, when puberty occurs.

It happens that a temperature of 37.2 is kept for a long time without symptoms in an adult.

Temperature 37 degrees

A similar phenomenon without signs of a cold is often observed in women with early menopause, during pregnancy and lactation. Body temperature can also be affected by hormonal imbalances. For example, women may experience a mild temperature increase of up to 37 degrees during their menstrual cycle.

Not subfebrile

This temperature is not subfebrile, however, this condition is not uncommon, and, in addition to headaches, causes a lot of other unpleasant inconveniences. If such a fever passes quickly and on its own, then it does not pose any danger to a person.

Reasons

There are the following reasons for this phenomenon:

1. Chronic fatigue.
2. Severe stress, which is usually accompanied by intense release of adrenaline.
3. Decrease in hemoglobin levels, oranemia.
4. Energy depletion of the body.
5. Weakened immune functions.
6. Condition after mental disorder and depression.
7. Development of a sluggish infection.
8. General fatigue in the body and loss of energy.
9. Some sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, AIDS, etc.).

Usually a feverish condition with a temperature of 37 degrees in adults indicates the presence of a certain reason that provoked such a condition, and also indicates the inability of the body to cope with such a problem on its own. A high temperature in an adult is very painful.

Reasons for rising temperatures to 38 degrees

Such a febrile state without signs of a cold occurs, as a rule, quite often. There are many explanations for this. For example, such a fever may be a symptom of developing lacunar or follicular tonsillitis, and with the development of the catarrhal form of this disease, there is an increase in temperature to insignificant marks. If the temperature of 38 without symptoms lasts more than three days, there is reason to assume the occurrence of the following pathologies:

1. Inflammation of the kidneys (temperature may be accompanied by pain in the lumbar region).
2. Inflammation of the lungs.
3. Heart attack.
4. Vegetative-vascular dystonia, which is also accompanied by sharp drops in blood pressure.
5. Rheumatism.

And when the temperature continues for a whole week?

In cases where the febrile state persists for several days or even weeks, such a phenomenon may be the first sign of the following serious diseases:

1. Leukemias.
2. Formation of malignant neoplasms.
3. Diffuse changes in the liver and lungs.
4. Severe disorders of the endocrine system.

The occurrence of prolonged fever with a temperature of 38 without symptoms in such cases is due to the fact that the body's immunity is actively fighting the pathological process.

Temperature 39 degrees without symptoms

If the temperature rises to 39 degrees, and this does not occur for the first time, this phenomenon may cause chronic inflammation or a pathological decrease in immune defenses. A similar process can develop against the background of febrile convulsions, shortness of breath, chills, in some cases even loss of consciousness and a further increase in temperature. The occurrence of a temperature of 39 degrees may be the first sign of the development of the following pathologies:

1. Chronic pyelonephritis.
2. Allergy.
3. ARVI.
4. Viral endocarditis.
5. Meningococcal infection.

What is the danger of a sharp rise in temperature without symptoms in an adult?

Hyperthermia or fever?

Regulation of body temperature occurs at the level of human reflexes, and the hypothalamus is responsible for this process,which can be attributed to the divisions of the diencephalon. This organ also controls the functioning of the entire endocrine and nervous system, since it is in the hypothalamus that special centers are located that regulate the sensation of thirst and hunger, sleep cycles, body temperature and other psychosomatic and physiological functions that occur in the body.

Pyrogens

When the temperature rises, the so-called pyrogens begin to work - protein substances, which are divided into primary, presented in the form of various toxins, bacteria and viruses, and secondary, which are produced inside the body.

When a focus of inflammation occurs, primary pyrogens begin to activate the cells of the body that produce secondary pyrogens, and those, in turn, begin to send impulses about the disease to the hypothalamus. And he already corrects the temperature regime of the body in order to activate its protective functions. The feverish state will continue until a certain balance between high heat production and low heat output is restored.

With hyperthermia, there is also a temperature without signs of a cold. However, in this case, the hypothalamus does not receive a signal to activate the body's defense against any infection, therefore, this organ does not take part in the process of increasing the temperature regime in the body.

Hyperthermia occurs, as a rule, against the background of a change in the process of heat transfer, for example, as a result of a general overheating of the body during heat stroke, or a violationheat transfer processes.

What to do when an adult has a temperature?

When a fever occurs, it is strictly forbidden to carry out various kinds of physiotherapy, warming up, mud therapy, massages, as well as water procedures.

Before you begin to eliminate the manifestations of a feverish condition, which in some cases is accompanied by a headache, you should find out the real cause of this problem. Only a medical specialist can determine it, based on data from a differential examination and laboratory tests.

If it turns out that an increase in temperature without symptoms in an adult occurs against the background of the development of some infectious and inflammatory disease, the patient is usually prescribed a course of antibiotic therapy. If fungal infections of the body have become the cause of the fever, the doctor prescribes medical polyene antibiotics, triazole group drugs and a number of other medications. Thus, the type of drugs and tactics of therapeutic methods are determined specifically by the etiology of the disease.