In the body of each person there is a huge number of cells, each of which must be supplied with nutrients and oxygen without fail. Such nutrition is carried out with the help of the smallest blood vessels - capillaries. They are found in every organ of the human body.
In the case of vasodilation, low blood pressure is provoked, the symptoms and signs of which can manifest themselves at different ages, regardless of the person's gender. Therefore, it is very important to understand how to cope with this condition and what signs to look for.
What is low blood pressure?
Each person has individual performance standards. They are installed by a doctor. If a person feels absolutely he althy with elevated rates, then this is the norm for him.
Nevertheless, there are standard numerical intervals, in violation of which one can judge the presence of problems in the body. For example, if blooda person's pressure is below 100/60 millimeters of mercury, then in this case arterial hypotension (low blood pressure) is diagnosed.
How to measure blood pressure?
Standard symptoms of low blood pressure do not always manifest themselves in a full form. Therefore, it is important to learn how to determine the indicators of your body yourself. In order to perform this procedure at home, you must purchase a specialized device called a tonometer.
There are a few general tips that will help you master the technique of measuring blood pressure faster:
- Measurements should be taken only if the person is in a calm state. After eating, emotional stress or heavy physical exercise, the indicators may not be accurate.
- The person must sit on a hard surface while taking blood pressure.
- It is necessary to place the hand on which the tonometer is located at chest level. In this case, it is better to take measurements at the table, sitting on a chair.
- Do not speak or move during the procedure. It is necessary to freeze for a few minutes until the unit can determine the upper pressure readings.
- To get the most accurate result, 10-15 minutes after measuring on one arm, you must perform the same procedure on the other.
If the indicators are noticeably different from the norm, this means that a person needs to contact a specialist as soon as possible and undergo an examination.
Causes of hypotension
Peopleit is useful to know which symptoms of low blood pressure appear first. However, in order to get rid of the pathology, it is important to understand what caused it.
As you know, blood moves through the human body due to the fact that the heart pumps fluid. Thus, there is a supply of nutrients to all organs and systems of the body. If in one of the parts of the brain there was a failure of this process, then this can contribute to the development of hypotension. There are 2 types of this pathology:
- Hypertension. In this case, we are talking about a chronic illness. To date, it is not known the exact reasons due to which this disease of the cardiovascular system appears in certain people.
- Symptomatic type of arterial hypertension. In this case, there are a huge number of factors that can lead to a similar condition. For example, a person could eat a diet rich in fat for a long time.
If we talk about the causes of low blood pressure in adults, then among them it is worth highlighting the following:
- Stress. Today, many people work in a "frantic" mode and are constantly in a state of stress.
- Intoxication. In some cases, when a person consumes large amounts of alcohol or smokes a lot of tobacco products, a similar ailment occurs. If the patient is a smoker, then this indicates that his blood vessels are constantly in tension. Vessels weaken and narrow. This provokes an increasedpressure. Alcohol consumption also negatively affects human he alth. If the patient abuses alcohol, this leads to vasodilation and increased heart rate.
- Wrong diet. Due to an unbalanced diet, many people experience significant weight gain. Because of this, additional loads fall on the heart, and vital organs begin to malfunction. This leads to a decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels. Therefore, you should stop eating s alty foods, as this negatively affects the blood vessels.
- Age. With age, a person's blood begins to thicken, which prevents its movement through the vessels. However, with regular preventive measures, you can avoid negative consequences and maintain the pressure at the right level.
- Heredity. It should be borne in mind that those people whose parents suffered from hypertension have a predisposition to the same disease.
Causes of low blood pressure in women
It should be borne in mind that the female body is most prone to meditative disorders. This means that the symptoms of low blood pressure in women are much more common than in the stronger sex.
If we talk about the features of seizures, then in this case, many patients complain of severe weakness and low pulse. In this case, medical assistance is required. If we talk about the reasons that lead to low blood pressure in the fair sex, then most often they suffer from thisbackground diseases:
- Anemia (for example, due to the fact that there is a strong blood loss during menstruation).
- Nervous disorders.
- Taking certain medications.
- The presence of bad habits and malnutrition.
- Too exhausting diets.
- Hormonal disorders.
- Pathologies of the endocrine system.
Causes of low blood pressure in men
Considering the causes and symptoms of low blood pressure, it is worth paying attention to the factors influencing the appearance of this pathology in the stronger sex. Men have the most bad habits. Many of them smoke and drink large amounts of alcohol. Thus, they automatically become the main contenders for lowering blood pressure.
As a rule, only medical methods are used to treat this disease in men. However, it is not enough to determine the symptoms of low blood pressure; first of all, it is important to eliminate pathogenic factors.
If we talk about the causes of this pathology in men, then, as a rule, this is most often associated with:
- Circulatory disorders.
- Heavy bleeding.
- Taking some strong drugs.
- Dehydration.
- Extensive lesions of cerebral vessels.
- Pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract or heart muscle.
- Seasonal beriberi.
The cause of low blood pressure in teenagers
While considering the symptoms and treatment of low blood pressure in adults, it is fair to also consider the likelihood of a similar pathology in a younger population.
Everyone knows that the growing body needs vitamins, which it does not always have enough. As a result, vitamin deficiency occurs, against the background of which low blood pressure develops. In this case, the hypotonic begins to feel much worse. Many boys and girls become depressed and in a state of blues. Some report a tendency to faint.
It is also worth considering that there are other causes of hypotension, which may be temporary. Low blood pressure can be the cause of hormonal changes that occur in the body of every person at a certain age. With the onset of the menstrual cycle, girls also often experience a decrease in blood pressure. Also, sudden changes in the temperature regimes of the environment can lead to a similar state. Many teenagers suffer from weather dependence.
Symptoms of low blood pressure
Specialists divide hypotension into chronic and temporary. However, regardless of the type of pathology, the symptoms are very similar. The only difference is that with a chronic illness, a person can calmly exist, knowing about his illness. However, they do not experience significant inconvenience. If the disorders are temporary, then in this case the patient will experience severe discomfort.
If we talk about the symptoms of low blood pressure, then most oftenpatients complain about:
- Headaches and dizziness.
- Excessive sweating of the extremities.
- General weakness throughout the body.
- Fatigue.
- Deterioration of memory and ability to concentrate.
- Lack of air.
- Reduce blood sugar.
- Increased sensitivity to sound and light.
Almost all hypotension sufferers sleep too long. Some need more than 12 hours of rest. Even if they wake up early, they feel sleepy and very tired.
Also, considering the symptoms of low blood pressure, you should pay attention to the condition during awakening from sleep. If, getting up in the morning, a person suffers from blackouts in the eyes or faints, then in this case there is a high probability that he has hypotension. This is due to the fact that in the morning hours in people with this pathology, the body temperature drops significantly (is about 36 ° C).
Hypotonic patients almost always suffer from shortness of breath and lack of air. Patients constantly complain that they are stuffy, they cannot stay in stores for a long time, stand in lines or travel in buses where all the windows are closed.
Signs and symptoms of low blood pressure in women
The fair sex is considered more weather dependent than men. This means that in women, attacks of low blood pressure can become much more frequent if there is a change in ambient temperature. In thatcase, many women report sharp jumps in blood pressure.
Also, ladies note the standard signs of hypotension, only more noticeable in the morning. However, unlike men, women are more likely to suffer from dizziness and weakness throughout the day, and not just after waking up.
There are also a few other symptoms of low blood pressure in women. Women with this diagnosis may suffer from:
- Split eyes.
- Pain in the temples.
- Migraine attacks.
- Too painful PMS.
- Loss of efficiency and general weakness.
Possible Complications
Symptoms of low blood pressure in men and women indicate that you need to see a doctor. If treatment is not done in a timely manner, then there is a high probability that a person will suffer from rather serious consequences:
- Heart failure.
- Hemorrhages.
- Atherosclerosis.
- Blindness.
- Shortness of breath.
- Edema of the extremities.
- Hypertensive crises.
In the latter case, we are talking about the most severe form of this pathology. In this case, there is a sharp increase in pressure indicators, which reach a maximum. If, during such an attack, an ambulance is not called in a timely manner, then this can lead to sad consequences.
What to do when pressure is low?
Some people prefer to drink coffee to stabilize their blood pressure. However, this is not the best way to deal withpathology. It is much better to contact a qualified specialist and establish the etiology of this process.
But there are a few recommendations from experts that will help temporarily "calm" the symptoms of low blood pressure. What to do to normalize the state? First of all, it is recommended to use dark chocolate. It is also necessary to monitor the state of your body, do not overwork, it is not recommended to eat a lot of sugar. You need to include more protein in your diet. You should not choose medicines on your own, as they are selected exclusively on an individual basis based on contraindications and characteristics of the body of a particular person.
What drugs can increase blood pressure?
Speaking of low blood pressure and symptoms, the treatment of this pathology also requires attention. To normalize blood pressure, doctors prescribe a course of vasoconstrictor drugs. However, it is not recommended to take these funds for a longer period than prescribed by a specialist, as they are highly addictive.
Medicines must be alternated. In addition, specialists most often select complex therapy. With the help of analgesics, pressure is increased. Thanks to herbal adaptogens, the nervous and cardiovascular systems are stimulated. Alpha-agonists are also required. They increase the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and prevent blood stasis.
Proper nutrition
Sweet coffee and dark chocolate really help temporarilystabilize blood pressure. However, if a person wants to reduce the number of relapses, then in this case, you need to completely revise your diet.
It is necessary to abandon smoked meats, alcoholic beverages, semi-finished products and preservatives. It is recommended to monitor the daily dose of s alt and spices. You should also avoid fatty and fried foods. Instead, eat as much fresh vegetables and fruits as possible, red meat, liver, dried apricots, raisins, buckwheat rice, garlic, horseradish and onions.
