Keeping he althy teeth in today's world is not so easy, but possible. Technology has come a long way. Changes have taken place not only in the methods of treating certain diseases, but also in the manufacture of materials for fillings. In addition, various drugs have appeared that can stop the destruction of tooth enamel. To avoid it, you should regularly visit the dentist's office and identify changes. Cracked teeth can appear at any age. There are many reasons for this phenomenon.
Why are cracks so dangerous?
Any cracks in the enamel of the teeth are a pathological process, not a cosmetic defect. Ultimately, the development of such a phenomenon can lead to a more serious disease. After all, each tooth consists of three layers: enamel, hard dentin and pulp, through which nerves and blood vessels pass. Gradually, the cracks become deeper. The edges of the split enamel move as the jaw closes and opens. This provokes pain.
In the absence of proper therapy, the crack expands. As a result, a channel is formed that connects the oral cavity with the pulp. In size itmay be insignificant. However, it is in this channel that saliva, food debris and bacteria enter. Often this provokes the development of the inflammatory process. Which, in turn, is fraught with consequences. After some time, inflammation of the gums occurs, and then caries.
Physiological factors
Cracks in the teeth most often occur due to violation of the rules of personal hygiene, as well as the rules of nutrition. The physiological reasons for this phenomenon include:
- Using certain medicines whose components are able to penetrate human saliva.
- Sudden temperature changes. This phenomenon is observed when eating both cold and very hot foods.
- Enamel thinning is caused by carbonated drinks, sour juices and citrus fruits.
- Using toothpastes that have a whitening effect, as they contain aggressive substances.
Mechanical action
This is the most common group of causes of enamel destruction. Most often, cracks and chips occur due to bad habits. These should include:
- Opening bottles or cans with teeth.
- The habit of chewing on hard objects, such as pencils, pens.
- Minor injuries. Most often they occur in young children during the game.
All these factors negatively affect the condition of tooth enamel. Untimely repair of damage can lead to the development of irreversible processes.
Crack classification
Splittooth enamel can occur in several ways. Based on this, a classification of cracks was compiled. Dentists distinguish several varieties:
- Vertical split. The crack goes through the entire tooth, dividing it into two parts. In this case, the split begins near the crown and is directed down to the root. Often this deformation goes deep into the gums.
- Horizontal split. This is a minor injury that can cause a small piece of tooth to come off.
- Slanted split. It is usually located diagonally. In the absence of therapy, it leads to chipping of a significant part of the tooth.
- Internal. On examination, such a split is imperceptible. However, after some time, it leads to a serious complication.
Signs of cracked teeth
You can detect surface cracks on the front teeth during a visual inspection. With internal damage, everything is much more complicated. Most often they are found during the destruction of tooth tissues. So, to identify violations of the integrity of the surface, it is enough to eat a coloring product, and then conduct a visual inspection. A crack on a tooth (anterior) will be noticeable even without the use of special tools.
In addition, when the integrity of the surfaces of the teeth is disturbed, unpleasant sensations arise. The second sign of cracks is pain. In this case, the damage affects the pulp. Pain often occurs in the process of chewing food, when closing the jaw, as well as when brushing your teeth and during sudden changes.temperature.
Basic Therapies
Slanted cracks in teeth are usually covered up with veneers. A horizontal split is treatable. In some cases, such cracks require removal of the pulp. This is necessary if it is damaged. If a crack appears in the root of the tooth or near the gum, then either a complete restoration or removal is carried out.
Vertical disorders are treated by pulping and canal filling. Often, special crowns are required. If the split has gone deep into the root, then the tooth is removed. As for internal splits, they often lead to serious complications and injuries. In this case, the tooth is extracted, and then prosthetics.
Cracked tooth: what to do?
There are various methods to prevent the development of unpleasant consequences. They are mainly aimed at strengthening the enamel. Among the methods, remineralization is especially popular. Dentists usually prescribe gels that contain active ingredients: fluorine, calcium, phosphorus. The soft formula of such a preparation prevents mechanical damage to the surface of the teeth. The drug in the process of application does not cause discomfort.
After remineralization, it is necessary to close the cracks in the tooth enamel. This will prevent the development of pathological phenomena. Composite varnish is often used for these purposes. The composition is applied gently to the surface of the tooth, where it dries. According to European studies, suchthe drug is absolutely safe for human he alth. Thanks to a special varnish, the surface of the teeth can be strengthened. However, the coating itself is short-lived. Renewal requires visits to the dentist every 6 months.
If it is not possible to cover the surface of the teeth with a special varnish, then veneers are installed. These products have very thin walls and are made of ceramics. When installing the product, the anatomical features and color of the enamel are taken into account. Veneers are able to completely hide aesthetic defects, as well as protect the tooth from injury. Products are selected individually for each patient.
During the procedures described above, it is not recommended to use bleaching compounds. If necessary, you can completely eliminate the cracks in the teeth. Treatment should be carried out by a dentist. In beauty salons, such problems are not solved.
Compliance with the diet and rules
To prevent cracked teeth, you need to protect yourself from bumps and injuries, and you should also eat right and stop smoking. To strengthen the tissues of the tooth, the following foods should be included in the diet:
- Hard cheese. It contains a large amount of phosphorus and calcium.
- Basil, dill and parsley. The composition of greens includes essential oils, which contribute to better disinfection of the oral cavity.
- Fruits, vegetables and berries containing many vitamins and minerals.
- Dairy products.
- Juices, preferably natural. Notit is recommended to add sugar to the drink.
There is a list of things to avoid. First of all it is:
- Extremely cold and hot drinks.
- S alty foods. Experts believe that s alt contributes to the rapid leaching of calcium from the body.
- Alcoholic drinks.
Recommendations from experts
If it is not possible to eat a balanced diet and give up bad habits, then dentists recommend purchasing a special complex of minerals at the pharmacy, which contains vitamin D. This substance promotes the absorption of calcium. In addition, some rules should be observed:
- You should brush your teeth after every meal. If this is not possible, then you can rinse your mouth with water or a special compound.
- For prevention, it is necessary to visit the dentist every 6 months.
- You can rinse your mouth with decoctions of medicinal herbs. For these purposes, oak bark, chamomile and sage are suitable.
- If the top layer of the teeth is thinned and sensitivity has increased, then pastes with a whitening effect should be abandoned.
- Regularly massage your gums with a soft-bristle brush. This allows you to increase blood flow to the tissues.
- Recommended firming pastes for daily use.
Finally
If cracks appear on the teeth, then it is no longer possible to eliminate them at homesucceed. Save from further destruction only a visit to the dentist. It is worth noting that children are more prone to this phenomenon, since milk teeth are easily injured. Cracks in the teeth should not be ignored, as they can lead to a split. As a result, only a small fragment can remain from the whole structure. In such cases, the tooth is either removed or restored. For this, pins, crowns, composite material, as well as implants can be used. A crack between the teeth can also lead to negative consequences. The problem is that it is very difficult even for a dentist to detect it.
