In addition to the central nervous system in the human body, there is also an autonomic nervous system that controls the work of many internal organs. Relatively recently, scientists have developed a new group of chemicals called ganglion blockers. Drugs from this group can control the work of the autonomic nervous system, improve the patient's condition in many diseases.
Basic information
Thanks to numerous nerve endings, the autonomic system controls the activity of almost all internal organs (lungs, heart, intestines, etc.). The work of the autonomic nervous system itself is regulated by the brain. The transmission of nerve impulses is carried out thanks to special chemicals. In some clinical cases, it may be necessary to block the transmission of nerve impulses, that is, to suspend the production of these substances. This problem can be solved by ganglioblockers.
Drugs can be short, medium and long acting. Such agents are used in anesthesiology, for the treatment of complex cases of toxicosis of pregnant women, hypertension. However, the action of ganglioblockers is not always effective and may be accompanied by side effects. Therefore, it is absolutely impossible to use such drugs without consulting a doctor. Most drugs are not available in pharmacies without a prescription.
Gigronium
The drug is available in the form of a powder for solution. The drug is administered by injection intravenously or intramuscularly. You can’t just buy it at the Gigroniy pharmacy. The prescription must be written by the attending physician. Due to the ganglioblocking action, the drug is used in anesthesiology, when it is necessary to control the patient's pressure. In addition, the drug is used in obstetric practice. With its help, it is possible to stop attacks of eclampsia.
"Gigronium" has a number of contraindications. These include thrombosis, hypotension, acute myocardial infarction, renal or hepatic failure. In old age (after 65 years), the medication is used with caution. Some patients may develop hypersensitivity.
Ganglioblocking effect is observed within 5 minutes after intravenous administration of the drug and persists for 15-20 minutes. This is sufficient for short-term blood pressure control (with minor surgical interventions).
Azamethoniabromide
The drug is a potent ganglionic blocker. The active ingredient selectively blocks autonomic nerve receptors. "Azamethonium bromide" is widely used in hypertensive crises, bronchial asthma, pulmonary and cerebral edema. With the help of the drug, it is possible to control blood pressure in anesthesiology, to normalize the condition of pregnant patients suffering from eclampsia.
The drug is administered in the form of injections (intramuscularly or intravenously). The exact dosage is set by the doctor in accordance with the patient's disease, the individual characteristics of the organism. In this case, contraindications must be taken into account. These include the following conditions: angle-closure glaucoma, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, impaired functioning of the kidneys and liver, acute period of myocardial infarction. The medicine is used with caution in the elderly, as well as in patients suffering from bronchial asthma, thrombophlebitis.
Gangleron
Due to the blocking of vegetative impulses, the drug has an anesthetic and antispasmodic effect. With peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, the remedy "Gangleron" is widely used. The instruction indicates that the drug can also be prescribed for angina pectoris, impaired mobility of the gastrointestinal tract. The medicine is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The dosage is determined by the doctor.
The drug has its own contraindications, likeand other ganglion blockers. Drugs of this type are not used for arterial hypotension, in the presence of degenerative changes in the central nervous system. In rare cases, hypersensitivity to the active ingredient may develop. In no case should the drug be administered intravenously. This can lead to a sharp drop in blood pressure.
Benzohexonium
The remedy is considered one of the most popular in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Allows you to quickly stop the hypertensive crisis "Benzohexonium". Instructions for use indicate that the drug can also be prescribed for chronic gastritis, some forms of bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. For the treatment of mild pathologies, Benzohexonium tablets are used. Instructions for use indicate that the drug is also available in the form of a solution for injection.
The drug is used to lower blood pressure in surgical practice (anesthetic action). In this case, the drug is used in the form of a solution, it is administered intravenously. For the treatment of diseases of the stomach, a solution for intramuscular injection can be used.
Incorrect use of the medication can lead to the development of side effects (weakness, dizziness, dry mouth). Deterioration of well-being is associated with a sharp decrease in blood pressure. The use of the drug is recommended to be carried out in a hospital, where the patient can be provided with timely assistance in case ofcollapse.
Pentamine
The drug has a pronounced hypotensive effect. The drug "Pentamine" is widely used in hypertensive crises. The instruction indicates that it is produced in the form of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection. The active ingredient is azomethonium bromide.
The drug is used in a hospital and can be prescribed for the following pathological processes: cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, a sharp increase in blood pressure, acute attacks of bronchial asthma, intestinal spasms, renal colic. To create controlled hypotension, Pentamine can also be used in anesthesiology. The instruction indicates that the medicine is dispensed exclusively by prescription.
The drug has the same contraindications as other ganglion blockers. These are myocardial infarction, hypotension, thrombophlebitis, angle-closure glaucoma.
Imekhin
The drug produces a pronounced hypotensive effect, like other ganglionic blockers. Preparations from this group are widely used in surgical practice, as well as to relieve hypertensive crises. However, it will not be possible to remove high blood pressure with this medicine at home. The drug is used exclusively under the supervision of a physician. The remedy "Imekhin" is also used to treat swelling of the brain and lungs, relief of acute attacks of bronchial asthma.
The drug has many side effects. One of them is orthostaticcollapse, which is characterized by a sharp decrease in blood pressure when changing body position (from vertical to horizontal). In addition, during therapy, the patient may complain of dry mouth, general weakness, and frequent dizziness.
Temekhin
This ganglion blocker comes in tablet form. The medicine is prescribed for Raynaud's syndrome, gastric and duodenal ulcers, arterial hypertension. The active ingredient produces a pronounced analgesic effect. Tablets are recommended to be taken after meals. The dosage and duration of the course of therapy are determined by the doctor.
Contraindications include an acute period of myocardial infarction, hypotension, liver and kidney damage, angle-closure glaucoma. The drug is not suitable for self-medication. You can buy pills only with a doctor's prescription.
Result
Ganglioblocking drugs are indispensable in many areas of medicine. However, the use of drugs from this group should be strictly controlled by a specialist. An overdose can lead to serious side effects, even death. Therefore, ganglioblockers are used in hospitalization or in the provision of emergency medical care. It is impossible to use such drugs on your own even after carefully studying the instructions.
