Most of the diseases in the human body are detected due to changes in the composition of the blood. This is due to a violation of the functionality of the organs. Therefore, doctors prescribe blood biochemistry tests for accurate diagnosis of diseases. You ask about what is HD, why is it so important for the patient? Then let's take a closer look at the meaning of this laboratory analysis.
Definition
Biochemical blood test is used in all branches of medicine and shows the state of the internal organs of a person. What is BH? This is a laboratory diagnostic method that allows the doctor to evaluate the functioning of internal organs such as the liver, kidneys, pancreas, gallbladder, characterize the metabolism of substances (lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) and identify the lack or excess of trace elements.
Preparing and conducting the procedure
For a biochemical analysis, donating blood involves a number of specific conditions that the patient must adhere to in order toaccurate results.
- Blood should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning - from 8 to 11. At least 8 hours should pass from the moment of the last meal.
- The day before, the patient must follow a certain diet: exclude fried foods, excessively s alty, strong tea and coffee, confectionery, sweet sparkling water. It is also important to minimize physical and emotional stress.
- One hour before donating blood, you should not smoke. Avoid drinking alcohol for two days.
- If the patient is taking medications, it is worth checking with the attending physician in advance whether they should be canceled before the analysis.
- Blood is taken from the cubital vein on the arm.
General characteristics
It's not enough just to know what BH is. Characterization matters more. A biochemical blood test evaluates in detail each of the listed groups: the metabolism of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, trace elements, pigments and low molecular weight nitrogenous substances.
Determination of all indicators is irrational and quite costly financially, because the doctor selects only those necessary for recognizing the disease.
Also, when diagnosing, it is important to take into account the age of the patient, his gender, the presence of chronic or hereditary diseases.
The finished transcript of the results is presented in the form of a table with several columns - the name, patient data and norm indicators.
Key indicators
Worth describing in more detailthe basic norms in BH analysis, as it captures all the processes of the human body as a whole.
- Total protein indicates a pathology in metabolism, the presence of malignant tumors, malnutrition, liver disease. The norm will always depend on age.
- Albumin is the main protein in blood plasma that is synthesized in the liver. It increases with the loss of water by the body, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, burns, pregnancy. Decreases in liver disease.
- ALT is an enzyme that rises in the blood during liver diseases such as cirrhosis, trauma, hepatitis.
- AST is the main indicator that indicates the destruction of heart tissue during myocardial infarction.
- Amylase is an enzyme synthesized in the pancreas. Increases with pancreatitis and injuries of this organ.
- Total bilirubin is a bile pigment in the liver. Normal - 8.5-20.5 µmol / l. It has two fractions - direct and indirect, which is typical for a more detailed analysis of diseases of this organ.
- Creatinine and urea are the main indicators of kidney function. Hanging indicates organ failure and filtration failure.
- Glucose is the source of energy for the body. The main diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus.
Every doctor can talk about what HD is and its importance in diagnosis, because it is not only a comprehensive analysis, but also the main indicator of the work and functioning of the body as a whole.
