Neoplasms in the form of a cyst can appear in any part of the body, including the eyes. Most often, a benign neoplasm is formed on the conjunctiva of the eyeball, on a thin film that covers the eye from the outside. In some cases, the cyst may be on the eyelid. Education may differ in its form, nature of origin, as well as in methods of treatment. A benign tumor is not particularly dangerous, but it can adversely affect vision, especially if it begins to grow.
Description of education
Cysts in the eye can be primary, secondary or hereditary. Primary is most often diagnosed at an early age in those who suffer from myopia. In some cases, they occur in older people (aged 50 to 60 years) due to the onset of degenerative processes in the body. The secondary form of the tumor appears exclusively when another pathological process affects the eyeball.
Basic shapes
Specialists have identified the following types of cysts in the eye:
- degenerative (acquired, senile) can be typical eitherreticular;
- appeared as a result of heredity;
- secondary forms of neoplasms that appear due to diseases;
- vascular lesions (central retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity);
- inflammatory processes (peripheral and chronic uveitis);
- congenital diseases (Coats' disease, optic fossa)
- injuries received (blunt head trauma, retinal hemorrhages in infants);
- oncology (malignant melanoma, combined hamartoma)
- various pathologies (aplastic anemia);
- teratogenic diseases that appear with the use of diphenyl dihydropyrimidine.
Clinical picture of the disease
It is not difficult to understand that a benign formation has appeared on the outer shell of the eye. In this case, during external examination and diagnosis, you can easily notice a small bubble with liquid inside in the eye. The size of the cyst in the eye will directly depend on the rate of its growth, localization and duration of appearance. All forms of cystic tumors most often grow for a long time and do not bring any pain symptoms to a person.
But in some cases, this formation leads to the following symptoms:
- squeezing sensation in the eye;
- expressed redness of the conjunctiva;
- discomfort when blinking;
- deterioration of vision in the diseased eye, hazy image, poor focus;
- floating flies and circles appear in front ofeyes;
- sometimes it feels like there is something in the eye.
There were cases when the cyst appeared after waking up, resolved, and the next morning it appeared again in the same place. This form of cyst does not lead to loss of vision and does not reduce the sharpness. In some cases, the formation in the eye provokes a dull pain, which only begins to intensify with increased intracranial pressure.
Main species
Eye cysts can be divided into the following types:
- post-inflammatory;
- spontaneous;
- dermoid;
- exudative;
- degenerative;
- pigmented (applies to the conjunctiva of the eye and iris).
A dermoid cyst can lead to displacement of the eyeball, which is most often seen at an early age. It makes no sense to treat such a cyst with drugs. Such a formation can appear in a person at any age. Despite the distinctive features of the cyst and its pronounced appearance, only a doctor can accurately determine the disease after a complete diagnosis. A simple and not dangerous at first glance benign tumor as a result can lead to severe vision problems. By determining the exact cause of the appearance of a cyst in the eye, the attending specialist will understand what treatment is best to prescribe to the patient to improve the condition and quickly eliminate the disease.
Reasons for appearance
Most often, a benign neoplasm occurs due to complications orpreviously transferred diseases of an infectious nature: scleritis or conjunctivitis.
Common causes of eye cysts:
- Heredity. A newborn may already have a cyst, or it will appear in him already at school age, when the iris separation begins. Such formations are also often caused by chronic diseases in a pregnant woman, intoxication of the body with alcohol or drugs during gestation.
- Injury, onset of inflammation or parasitic process. Small blisters with liquid inside can occur in the eye after foreign objects, surgery, or after prolonged friction.
- Uncontrolled use of eye medications.
- As a result of complications after glaucoma. As a result of the disease, a person may develop an exudative or degenerative cyst.
The sudden appearance of benign neoplasms in the eyes is still not fully understood. Science cannot explain why such an outgrowth occurs for no reason in he althy people. An outgrowth is formed from the cells of the embryo, so the cyst includes pieces of hair, nails and other skin particles. The dermoid cyst of the conjunctiva of the eye takes a long time to form, and when pressed, it quickly changes its location.
Treatment methods
The choice of a method for treating an ocular cyst will directly depend on its location, growth rate and nature of origin. Sometimes ophthalmologists do not undertakeno action, but simply follow the development of education, as in many cases it takes place on its own.
All methods of treating eye cysts can be divided into the following groups:
- Treatment with drugs - the method is effective only when the cystic tumor has arisen as a result of an infectious lesion.
- Using folk recipes - the method of treatment with herbal tinctures does not always give the desired effect, but it is used quite often.
- Operating an eye cyst - a benign formation can be removed surgically if it grows rapidly and increases significantly in size, the main indication for removal will be a dermoid cyst.
- Laser removal - this procedure is performed in the presence of a small cyst and in the event that other methods of treatment have not helped to get rid of the formation.
Doctors know many types of cysts. In addition to formations on the mucous membrane, there are cysts that form on the eyelid and under the eyelid. The exact type of cyst will be able to determine the attending specialist. The choice of treatment method is also best entrusted to a qualified doctor who will first conduct a thorough diagnosis.
Cyst on eyelid
The appearance of a cyst on the eyelid of the eye is not accompanied by severe symptoms. But if you gently massage the affected area, you can easily find a small and painless nodule on the upper or lower eyelid. After a few weeks, the cyst may go away on its own. If aif this does not happen, then there is a high chance that the formation will increase in size (it will resemble a large pea). In this case, the neoplasm can be easily identified when examining the appearance of the patient.
Most often, a cyst does not bring pain symptoms, and also does not impair vision. But with the addition of a secondary infection, the situation changes greatly, there is a feeling of pain and a feeling of deformation of the eyelid, visual acuity worsens. The formation itself is characterized by swelling and inflamed color. In the center of the cyst, in some cases, a yellowish area can be seen.
Possible diseases
The main reason for the appearance of a cyst on the lower eyelid is a violation of the outflow of the contents of the sebaceous glands, which leads to blockage of the current. In this case, a large amount of a thick consistency accumulates in a certain area, near which a dense capsule begins to form over time. Not the last role in the whole process is played by the viscosity of the secret, which becomes so thick that it cannot pass on its own. A photo of a cyst on the eyelid of the eye shows the severity of the disease.
Causes of a cyst (chalazion):
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, colitis, dysbacteriosis, pancreatitis);
- eyelid lesion (demodicosis, stye and blepharitis);
- beginning of an allergic process (conjunctivitis).
At an early stage of development, a neoplasm may not announce itself in any way.
Providing treatment
Treatment of a cyst on the eyelid of the eye occurs after carefuldiagnostics. For this, the size of the formation is established, as well as the degree of its inflammation. If the neoplasm is small in size, and there are no symptoms of infection, then simple medications can be used. Most often, various ointments and aseptic eye drops are used for this. In some cases, in addition, the doctor prescribes physiotherapy (massage of the eyelids, the use of compresses, warming up).
But if there are symptoms of an inflammatory process, all physiotherapeutic measures are immediately stopped, as they can lead to rupture of the cyst and provoke an abscess and spread of infection to nearby tissues. If symptoms of infection are present, antibiotic treatment should be given.
Education removal
In the most extreme case, the attending specialist prescribes an operation on the eye cyst to the patient using traditional surgical techniques or by laser exfoliation. In addition to the formation itself, in this case, the capsule is also removed. The procedure begins after local anesthesia through the introduction of an anesthetic near the area of education. After that, the doctor opens the cyst and eliminates the chalazion together with nearby tissues. At the end of the procedure, the affected area is sutured and a tight bandage is tied.
