Imperceptible to the naked eye patterns on the human body arise under the influence of exogenous and endogenous negative factors. Pathologies are defined as Blaschko lines. Melanogenesis is manifested by hypopigmentation, refers to diseases of the group of dermatoses. Visible benign formations are of interest to science. By understanding the principle of the appearance of a tumor, one can prevent the appearance of melanoma.
History of Skin Pathology Research
A German researcher of dermatological problems discovered Blaschko's lines in 1901. They present a pattern of pigmentation that is similar in structure in all patients. The disease was named after the name of the scientist, whose name is Alfred.
The dermatologist established the relationship between the appearance of pathology and X-chromosomes. On he althy skin, changes are not noticeable at their normal concentration. As a result of the chaotic migration of malanoblasts, the visible area of the pattern is formed. The state of mutated cells depends on the body's nervous breakdowns. However, dermatological problems can be detected in congenital inheritance of the disease.
Main reasons for deviations inhuman skin
The following factors for the formation of the Blaschko line on the body are distinguished:
- Chimerism is often referred to as a condition where two types of DNA are observed in a person. A different set of genes provokes the formation of pigmentation on the body. Such effects are found in the incest of two different races. The causes of skin pathology are the fusion of a fertilized egg at an early stage of pregnancy.
- Stress instability of a person - a chaotic pattern is formed.
- Genetics - making changes in human DNA. The cause of the pathology is the congenital appearance of nevi: depigmented, pigmented, sebaceous, linear verrucous inflammatory.
- Genetic mixing of DNA during embryogenesis - scientists have established the structure of human tissues: a set of genes is observed in one cell. Although the origin of the latter comes from one zygote.
The nature of the appearance of dermatosis
The layman does not know the term "Blashko lines" - what are these lines? Such problems are often found in newborns, no more than 2% of whom have a predisposition to the appearance of pathologies. The structure of DNA already initially contains the information of the disease. External signs arise as a result of deviations in the endocrinology of the body.
Blashko lines are characterized by three cells in the body that are the source of disease formation:
- Keratinocytes of the epidermis - acquired pathologies are more often observed as a result of chimerism.
- Pigmentary - located in the lower layersepidermis.
- Profiling border pigment cells - lead to a change in skin color, passing through the basement membrane into the upper layer of the dermis. This condition is observed with the congenital nature of the formation of melanoma.
External signs
The medical literature contains information about the Blaschko line: that it is a disease of human tissues that manifests itself in case of failures in the body during life. The structure of the invisible pattern on the back partly resembles the color of animals: a zebra or a tiger. You can notice it with ultraviolet radiation.
The color of human skin depends on the pigment substance melanin. It is formed in the epidermis of tissues, the basal layer contains melanocytes. Deviations in the process of melanogenesis lead to a visually noticeable change in color:
- Hyperpigmentation is a chaotic pattern of dark spots on the skin that stand out clearly from the main shade of the integument.
- Hypopigmentation is the loss of color of skin cells, which is expressed as whitish spots. A rare pathology is observed in no more than 1% of newborns.
The external manifestation of the disease becomes a V-shaped pattern, in the form of curls or wavy lines. It is formed more often on the following parts of the body:
- back;
- on the sides;
- shoulders;
- head.
Diagnosis problems
The pattern of Blaschko's line is noticeable when a person is exposed to ultraviolet light, but during a lifetime, rarely does anyone undergo such an examination. Start researching the state of the bodyalready in advanced stages of disease. In newborns, light patches of hypopigmentation on the body are difficult to see. The child acquires pronounced skin changes after a few years.
The state of the cells is affected by the set of chromosomes. If it is strikingly different in neighboring sections of the skin, then deviations in the color of the tissues are observed. So hypopigmentation can manifest itself in the following conditions:
- Chaotic spots - interesting to science because of uneven formations. The picture shows complex figures in the form of stripes, chess cells.
- Localized - appear as one spot in a certain area.
- Generalized - may be accompanied by diseases of the internal organs.
Why study leather drawings?
Medics resort to tissue texture analysis for visible complications on the skin. Here, the main indicator is the Blaschko line, the disease is examined to make the correct diagnosis. This becomes relevant with the following dermatological problems:
- chimerism;
- mosaic;
- lichen;
- nevuse;
- melanoma.
Complex textures are important only from the research side, for the average person such an analysis does not yet lead to definite conclusions about the disease. Scientists intend to reveal the purpose of the patterns on the human body. Perhaps the results of the discoveries will help overcome rare skin diseases.
