According to statistics, about 17.6 million people die every year from diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Patients with diagnosed cardiac pathologies are required to undergo an annual examination. In addition, they must take medicine to prevent heart disease and correct its diseases. The drugs are prescribed by the doctor depending on the type of pathology and the individual characteristics of the organism.
Risk factors for heart disease
Relentless statistics show that cardiovascular diseases occupy a leading position among all pathologies. But worst of all, diseases are increasingly being diagnosed at a young age.
The best way to minimize the likelihood of atherosclerosis, heart attack, ischemia, hypertension, ischemia of the heart is disease prevention. First of all, you need to know the risk factors, the elimination of which will help curb the progression of pathologies.
- High cholesterol (from 5, 0mmol/L).
- Glucose more than 6.0 mmol/L.
- Smoking of all kinds (electronic cigarettes, hookah).
- Regular consumption of alcoholic beverages.
- Low physical activity.
- Obesity.
- Improper diet: the menu is dominated by fried, smoked, s alty foods.
- Chronic stress and lack of sleep.
Unfortunately, for people who already have cardiac disorders, eliminating all risk factors is not enough. In order to avoid deterioration of the clinical picture, it is necessary to use special drugs.
What medicine should I take to prevent heart disease?
The cardiologist should answer this question. Cardiovascular pathologies is a common name, which means all diseases of the circulatory system. This group is very broad and includes the following:
- Structural and functional damage to the myocardium caused by impaired coronary circulation (heart attack, angina pectoris).
- Heart failure.
- Inflammatory diseases of the heart of infectious genesis (myocarditis, endocarditis).
- Birth defects in the structure of the heart.
Drug therapy and prevention includes different groups of drugs. What medications to prescribe for heart prevention depends on the patient's condition and the type of cardiac pathology:
- beta-blockers are usually prescribed for angina pectoris, tachycardia;
- ACE inhibitors - heart failure;
- calcium antagonists - atrial fibrillationarrhythmia;
- nitrates - angina;
- anticoagulants - prevention of heart attack;
- cardiac glycosides - heart failure.
In severe forms of cardiac pathologies, several types of drugs of various groups are prescribed.
Reflex vasodilating drugs
Vasodilators (vasodilators) are represented by a large group of drugs. Means are used for the treatment of cardiac diseases. Possessing antispasmodic hypotensive action. These include:
- "Papaverine". Relieves tension and relaxes smooth muscles. At high doses, it helps to reduce the excitability of the heart muscle, leads to changes in intracardiac conduction. The drug is used to eliminate pain in the fibromuscular organ.
- "Teodibaverin" - a medicine for the prevention of the heart and blood vessels. Reduces excitation of vascular smooth muscle. Increases the ability of the heart muscle to respond to stimulation with rhythmic contractions. The drug is prescribed for angina pectoris, pain in the heart.
- "Validol" - dilates blood vessels, increases their permeability. Relieves pain in the chest. Around the drug there is a lot of controversy about whether to remove it from the list or not. The pharmaceutical and cardiac community considers the drug obsolete, and its effectiveness has not been proven.
Nitrates and nitrate-like agents
The basis of the therapeutic effect of nitrovasodilators is to increase in cellsnitric oxide content. The result is a relaxation of the muscles of the blood vessels. Nitrates are widely used as a medicine to strengthen the heart and to prevent vascular diseases.
- "Nitromint". It promotes relaxation of the smooth muscles of blood vessels, causing their expansion, which reduces overload and afterload of the heart. Reduces the heart muscle's need for oxygen. Increases coronary blood flow, which increases the delivery of oxygen to the heart muscle. The medicine is used for left ventricular failure and "angina pectoris".
- Pektrol. Expands peripheral veins, reduces venous return to the fibromuscular organ. Reduces vascular resistance, blood pressure, the need for oxygen in the heart muscle. Increases tolerance to physical activity during ischemia, the number of angina attacks, helps unload the myocardium, reduces blood pressure.
- "Cardicket". Prolonged action drug. After taking the pill, it quickly begins to act (15 minutes). The tool equally well expands the arteries and veins, which leads to a decrease in preload and pressure in the left ventricle. Provides improved blood supply to the myocardium. "Kardiket" is taken to prevent angina attacks, to quickly recover from a heart attack.
Antiplatelet agents
Group of drugs that affect hemostasis. Antiplatelet agents prevent platelets from sticking together, preventing thrombosis. In cardiology, both long-known and modernfunds.
The most commonly recommended and prescribed antiplatelet drug for heart prevention "Cardiomagnyl". The drug is used to prevent thrombosis, acute heart failure, especially in patients with risk factors (old age, obesity, diabetes, smoking). Also, "Cardiomagnyl" is prescribed for the prevention of re-infarction, thromboembolism after coronary angioplasty.
The following antiplatelet agents also work well:
- "Clopidex". Assign to prevent complications in patients with heart attack, ischemia (with a prescription of not more than six months), acute coronary syndrome. Used to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation.
- "TromboMag" is intended for long-term use for the primary prevention of thrombosis, acute disorders of the heart. The drug is used to prevent recurrence of a heart attack and the formation of blood clots in the vessels, unstable angina.
Drugs similar in mechanism of action: "Zilt", "Klapitax", "Plavix", "Plagril", "Phazostabil", "Trombital".
Calcium channel blockers
Calcium ions are important for the normal functioning of the body. During ischemia, hypoxia, their concentration increases, which leads to an increase in metabolic processes in cells. The need of tissues for oxygen increases and various destructive changes occur.
Calcium antagonists inhibit the penetration of calcium into the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. The drugs have anti-ischemic, hypotensive, cardioprotective, antiarrhythmicaction. Medicines for the prevention of heart disease belonging to the group of calcium channel blockers:
- "Nifedipine" refers to the first generation of calcium antagonists, ie less effective and has a large number of side effects. The drug is used to prevent attacks of pain behind the sternum, Prinzmetal's angina pectoris, hypertrophic, obstructive cardiomyopathy. Contraindicated in cardiac shock and in the first week after an acute infarction.
- "Omelar Cardio" is a second-generation calcium antagonist with antianginal, hypotensive action. It is used for stable, vasospastic, variant angina pectoris. It is prescribed for the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis, recurrence of a heart attack.
- "Felodipine". Promotes an increase in the volume of the chambers of the heart, improves coronary circulation, weakens the afterload on the heart. Patients taking the drug are easier to tolerate physical activity, they have a reduced frequency of seizures. Effective for the elderly. "Fulodipine" is prescribed for intolerance to nitrates and beta-blockers. Main indications: various forms of angina pectoris.
Beta-blockers
Drugs that inhibit the sensitivity of neurons to adrenaline and norepinephrine are divided into beta1-adrenergic receptor blockers and beta2-adrenergic receptor blockers. In cardiology, selective beta1-adrenergic receptors are mainly used for the treatment and prevention of the heart.
- "Bravadin". Normalizes heart rate, while not affecting the contractility of the heart muscle. The drug has virtually no effect on bloodpressure, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. "Bravadin" is indicated for stable angina, to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications.
- "Vero-Amlodipine" has an antihypertensive effect. Expands arterioles, increases oxygen enrichment of the main coronary arteries in ischemic areas of the myocardium. It is indicated for monotherapy and as part of complex treatment for pain behind the sternum, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, in the third and fourth stages of heart failure. And also it is prescribed for the ineffectiveness of nitrates.
- "Carvedilol" - a medicine for the prevention of heart and hypertension. Reduces heart rate, dilates peripheral vessels, pre- and afterload on the heart. In addition, the drug has an antioxidant effect, prevents the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Indications: sinus tachyarrhythmia, heart attack, atrial fibrillation, decompensated dysfunction of the heart muscle.
Antiarrhythmic drugs
A group of drugs used in various pathological conditions characterized by a violation of the frequency, rhythm and contractility of the heart. The group includes a huge number of medicines. Classified by localization of action and use in cardiology. Some types of drugs are used exclusively in a hospital setting. But most are still designed for outpatient therapy and prevention.
- “Panangin is probably the most famous antiarrhythmic drug for heart prevention. Activedrug substances - potassium and magnesium. These intracellular cations play an important role in the mechanism of muscle contractility, they improve metabolic processes in myocardial cells. The lack of microelements leads to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, arrhythmias, metabolic disorders in carcinomas. "Panangin" is effective in heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, during the rehabilitation period after a heart attack.
- "Asparkam" has the same active pharmaceutical ingredient as "Panangin", only in a higher concentration. It has a moderate antiarrhythmic effect. It is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of heart failure, ischemia.
- “Digoxin is a cardiostimulating, antiarrhythmic agent. The drug is a strong action, the dosage is selected by the doctor for each individual. Indications for use are a chronic form of weakening of the contractility of the heart muscle, atrial fibrillation of tachyarrhythmia (fast heart rate), paroxysmal increase in heart rate resulting from circulatory disorders in the myocardium, atrial flutter. For patients with risk factors, the use of the drug is carried out under the strict supervision of a cardiologist.
Medicines for heart prevention after 50
With age, the risk of vascular disease increases dramatically. Unfortunately, people do not want to go to the doctor once again. They are afraid to hear the “verdict” and prefer to buy drugs to prevent heart disease on their own.
Information is usually taken fromadvertising, not realizing that there are no medicines suitable for everyone without exception. In addition, promotional drugs are often much more expensive and less effective than little-known but effective heart remedies.
List of drugs that reduce the risk of heart disease in people over 50:
- Cardiomagnyl.
- Aspirin Cardio is an antiplatelet drug prescribed for the primary prevention of heart attack, stable and unstable angina.
- "Rosuvastatin" is a lipid-lowering drug prescribed for ischemia, heart attack, atherosclerosis.
- Enalapril is a vasodilator used to treat and prevent heart failure.
- Micardis is an antihypertensive drug.
What vitamins are needed for the heart
Low molecular weight organic compounds are necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Their deficiency can provoke the development of various pathologies. To maintain the he alth of any organ, certain micro and macro elements are needed.
List of natural vitamins for the heart and for the prevention of vascular diseases:
- ascorbic acid;
- retinol;
- tocopherol;
- routine;
- folic acid;
- thiamine;
- pyridoxine.
Vitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases
In the modern world, natural products are gradually moving into the category of scarce goods. In addition, the rhythm of life often does not contribute to maintaining a he althy lifestyle.life. To maintain he alth, it is necessary to take special pharmacy complexes of minerals, micro- and macroelements.
List of drugs containing vitamins for the prevention of the heart and blood vessels:
- "Cardio Forte";
- "Doppelgerz Cardiovital";
- Cardiohe alth;
- "Synchron-7";
- "He will direct".
