The effect of massage on the body is determined by complex physiological processes that occur with the participation of many organs. The nervous system plays a decisive role in this mechanism. Depending on the strength, nature, place of application of the massage effect, the state and functioning of the cerebral cortex changes, as a result of which the general excitability either decreases or increases. In addition to the nervous system, the humoral factor also affects the mechanism of action of the procedure on the human body.
It consists in the following: under the influence of touch, biologically active substances are first created in the skin, which then enter the bloodstream. They transmit nerve impulses and participate in various reactions (including vascular ones). And in the place on which the massage acts in the most direct way, it also has a mechanical effect on the tissues. They stretch, move, and experience pressure, as a result of which blood circulation is greatly increased.
Depending on the affected area of the body, there is a general massage and a local one. In the latter case, for example, only the feet or only the hands are affected.
General massage, like all other types, is carried out in several steps, the main of which are:
1. Stroking. They always begin and end this procedure. It can also be carried out after each regular reception. If they do a general massage of the back, buttocks, abdomen, stroking is done with the tips of the fingers, their back surface or the palm of the hand in a zigzag manner, if the limbs are done along and across.
2. Trituration. This technique is more energetic. It consists in stretching or displacement of the skin, together with the tissues immediately below it, in all directions. Rubbing is combined with stroking. It prepares tissues for the next appointment.
3. Kneading. This technique is the most difficult, as it affects not only the tissues located on the surface, but also the muscles located deep. It is performed with the fingers of one hand. The technique consists in grasping, lifting tissues, squeezing and stretching them.
4. Vibration. Reception can be performed both by hand and with a special apparatus. It consists in the transmission of trembling movements to a certain part of the body.
General massage has not only techniques, but also rules. Firstly, the part of the body that is planned to be subjected to the procedure should be completely naked, and the muscles should be relaxed to the maximum. Secondly, a person must lie down. Thirdly, all receptions should be carried out strictly from the periphery and towards the center. For ease of movement, experts use cream.
There are also diseases in which general massage cannot be done. itmalignant neoplasms, skin problems (irritations, rashes, lesions, purulent processes), active tuberculosis, blood diseases, thrombophlebitis.
General massage is not recommended and immediately after eating. Between the procedure and the meal should take at least one and a half to two hours.
Performed by specially trained massage therapists. Only after detailed individual instruction by a he alth worker can it be carried out at home by the patient's relatives.
