The structure of the nasal membrane can be broken for various reasons. In any case, it needs to be restored. Treatment should be selected by a qualified doctor after receiving tests and identifying the factors that led to the problem. Timely treatment of the nasal mucosa is necessary. This will improve human he alth. The causes and treatment of dry nasal mucosa are described in the article.
Reasons
The nasal mucosa is injured under the influence of various negative factors. And since the causes and treatment of dry nasal mucosa are interrelated, it is important to determine the factors that led to this. The reason for this is considered to be the incorrect, very long-term use of nasal drops with a vasoconstrictive effect. These substances dry the nasal cavity, lead to a violation of the microflora, which provokes a medicated form of the common cold.
The disease appears from constant swelling in the nose,stopped only with a new dose of the drug. But the surfaces also become thinner, and it will not work to refuse drops without medicines. As a result, a surgical operation of various sizes is needed to improve nasal breathing.
Also, a violation of the state of the mucosa is due to:
- constant inhalation of dirty air, for example, when working in a chemical industry;
- foreign body in the nose;
- addiction;
- inhalation of burning steam;
- curvature of the nasal septum, which leads to a narrowing of the nasal passages and complicates the correct outflow of the secret;
- chronic diseases of the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, thyroid gland.
Temporary signs of damage to the nasal cavity are observed after surgery. They also appear from taking drugs that burn the inner lining of the nose.
Hypertrophic rhinitis
This is a polyetiological disease that can progress for a long time. It is presented in the form of a thickening of the nasal mucosa and hyperplasia of the tissues under it, the replacement of the epithelium with connective tissues. The disease develops from:
- frequent relapses of the common cold - more than 3-5 times a year;
- congenital or acquired disorders of the structure of the nasal passages, injuries of the facial skeleton;
- impact of negative environmental factors;
- diseases of the heart, blood vessels;
- other pathologies of the nasopharynx - polyps, cysts, adenoids.
Burn of mucous membranes
Any nasal burnscavities are divided into 2 groups depending on the causes:
- inhalation of hot air, steam, contact with fire;
- nose penetration of chemicals.
Burn of the nasal mucosa can be obtained even with hydrogen peroxide treatment when the concentration is above 3%. The mucosa is very sensitive to the substance. There are 3 degrees of burns with their own symptoms:
- manifested as burning, redness, swelling;
- blistering;
- tissues become dead and slough off.
Symptoms
In addition to severe dryness in the nose, there are other signs of pathology. Because of them, the state of he alth worsens greatly, which disrupts the usual life. Painful condition of the nasal mucosa accompanied by:
- congested;
- lack of smell;
- burning;
- itchy nose;
- sneeze;
- nosebleed;
- creating crusts.
Diagnosis
Before starting treatment of the nasal mucosa, it is necessary to conduct a diagnosis. This is done by an otolaryngologist. They perform rhinoscopy, in which the mucous membranes are examined with an endoscope. It is a thin tube with a camera at the end. The procedure is painless and may cause mild discomfort.
The reason must be revealed. This requires holding:
- Research on the concentration of major hormones.
- ECG and other methods for studying the state of blood vessels and the heart.
- Ultrasound of the abdominal organs.
- Psychological diagnostics.
Only after that the doctor can prescribe a treatment for the nasal mucosa. It is not worth prescribing funds for yourself, so as not to worsen the condition.
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is treated with many drugs. With them, the integrity and proper functioning of the mucosa are restored. Effective use of drops, sprays, ointments with different compositions.
Sprays and drops based on sea water
The simplest remedy from sea water is an isotonic solution with a concentration of 9 g per 1 liter or hypertonic - from 20 g per 1 liter. Preparations on sea water work because of the s alt that retains moisture. They are valued for:
- sustainable;
- possibility of use during pregnancy and lactation;
- accessibility for infants;
- not addictive.
Spray for the treatment of the nasal mucosa allows you to evenly distribute the composition over the nose and nasopharynx. Sea water has the following properties:
- antibacterial;
- edema relief;
- moisturizing;
- regeneration;
- strengthening local immunity.
The positive effect is observed almost immediately and lasts 4 hours. "Aqualor" is distinguished from reliable means - it can be used as drops and for washing. Analogues include "Marimer", "Aquamaris".
Oils
Treatment of runny nose, swelling of the nasal mucosa is performed with vegetable oils that soften the nasal cavity. You can use any oil - grape, rose,sunflower, olive, corn. But it is more effective to use sea buckthorn. With it, the water balance is normalized, mitigation occurs.
When using oils, you need to monitor how you feel. If there is no discomfort, then you can perform the procedures, digging in a drop before going to bed and going outside.
Other drops
Treatment of the nasal mucosa is performed with other effective drops:
- Immunostimulators. This group also includes homeopathic remedies - Derinat, Rinitol Edas, Delufen. With them, local immunity is restored and strengthened. More drugs moisturize the nasal mucosa, eliminate discomfort, dryness and tightness.
- "Pinosol" is a combined medicine with a natural composition. It contains essential oils and vitamins. The tool restores mucous membranes in a short time. "Pinosol" has an excellent antiseptic effect. But the natural composition increases the risk of allergies in people who are prone to such conditions.
- "Euphorbium Compositum" - a homeopathic remedy used to prevent drying out, restore the structure of the mucosa.
- Local hormonal preparations - "Flixonase", "Nasonex". The composition contains glucocorticoids, due to which the nasal mucosa is restored. It is these funds that are prescribed by the doctor to restore the mucosa after vasoconstrictor drops.
In addition to drops, Solcoseryl is used - a drug in the form of a gel or ointment. He has a strongwound healing action. They soak cotton swabs and insert them into the nostrils for 15-20 minutes.
Physiotherapy
Treatment of swelling of the nasal mucosa without a runny nose is performed with the help of physiotherapy. The procedures warm up the sinuses, so the swelling of the mucosa is quickly stopped, and its structure is restored. Procedures are performed according to the doctor's prescription. Effective use:
- electrophoresis with anti-inflammatory drugs;
- cryotherapy;
- helium-neon laser exposure;
- inhalation with oil-alkaline solutions.
Traditional medicine
Whatever the causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa, treatment should be prescribed by a doctor. Sometimes a specialist prescribes traditional medicine:
- Heat compresses. It is necessary to apply thermal hard-boiled eggs, heated s alt, which are wrapped in a bag made of natural material, to the nose. A hot bath has the same effect. But it should be remembered that heat is contraindicated in sinusitis and some diseases of the nasal cavity.
- Decoction of oak bark. It will take 1 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials, which are poured with boiling water (1 liter). Infusion is performed for several hours. The agent is instilled 3 times a day, 3 drops in each nostril. This provides complete hydration.
- Infusions of herbs. They are used for washing the nose. You can prepare a composition of chamomile - 1 tbsp. l. Raw materials are poured with 1 liter of water, and infused for 3 hours.
- Inhalations based on onion and garlic. Vegetables (1 each) are ground on a fine grater. It will take 2 tbsp. l.mixtures. It is transferred to a glass, which is placed in a container with boiling water, covered with a funnel folded from a sheet of paper. It is necessary to breathe fumes for 10 minutes 3 times a day. The procedure restores the sense of smell and nasal breathing.
Anemization
Treatment of dry nasal mucosa is performed by anemization - artificial "bleeding" of the mucous surface in the nose. The procedure is carried out by introducing vasoconstrictor agents into the desired anatomical zone. The benefit of this procedure is the absolute relief of swelling during inflammation.
Anemization is also performed before operations to protect against severe bleeding, for example, before a puncture of the maxillary sinus. To do this, apply the composition of:
- drops of adrenaline solution 0.1%;
- 1 ml ephedrine solution 3%.
If anemization of deep sections is required, then the drug is administered using a probe with an attached turunda. The solution takes 1-2 minutes to act. Anemization is performed at:
- acute, chronic runny nose;
- front;
- sinus;
- otite;
- inflammation of the mucosa;
- drainage implementation;
- examination of the nasal cavity.
Complications of this procedure do not appear if properly organized. But in 1 day after that, a slight burning sensation, dryness, irritation is likely to occur. These signs will soon disappear on their own.
After the burn
Slightly different treatment is required when getting a burn. Help must be provided in a timely manner. If you miss the time, injurywill not be treatable. Help is available as follows:
- The effect of the stimulus stops.
- Rinse the nose with cool water for 10-15 minutes. Burn with aluminum compounds or lime, treated with vegetable oil - in this case, water cannot be used.
- If the pain is severe, an antispasmodic is used. But it is better to use it locally, for example, by inserting Lidocaine or Novocaine soaked turundas into the nostrils.
Prevention
When problems with the mucosa are detected in the early stages, it is possible to stop their development. For prevention, the following rules apply:
- When working in a dusty and dirty environment, protective equipment must be used.
- It is important that the nasal mucosa does not dry out. If the air in the room is dry, then you need to buy a humidifier. Do not use fans, air conditioners, heaters.
- In case of inflammation from the anatomical structure, only a surgical operation helps.
If a runny nose does not disappear for a long time, then you need to correct your lifestyle, eliminate bad habits. Often this condition appears from neurosis, hypertension. The mucosa also becomes inflamed from other dangerous ailments. You need to contact a specialist, conduct an examination, after which complex treatment will be prescribed.
