Rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which is caused by bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms entering the human body. Often appears due to an allergen and other irritant. It can last from a couple of hours to several days. In this case, the main problem of the patient lies in how to quickly cure a runny nose.
Directly pathological causes
Before you treat a runny nose, you need to eliminate the causes.
- Pathological causes of rhinitis include: SARS, influenza, colds. In this case, a runny nose may be accompanied by the release of clear or whitish snot, fever (low-grade fever), chills and body aches.
- Sinusitis (acute, subacute, chronic, purulent). Sinusitis is a type of sinusitis, in which inflammation of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses occurs with the accumulation of pathological fluid in them. Depending on the form of the disease and the stage of its development, snot with a cold can be white, yellow or green. The consistency of nasal discharge can also vary.
- Polypous sinusitis. This pathology is characterized by the growth of the mucous membranes of the nose into the cavityparanasal sinuses (sinuses). If 1 sinus was affected, this indicates the usual polyposis sinusitis. If polyps were found in all sinuses, we are talking about chronic polyposis pansinusitis.
- Chronic runny nose, or rhinosinusitis. With this disease, nasal discharge is white, sometimes with greenish or yellowish patches. They can not only be observed when sneezing or blowing your nose, but also drain down the back of the throat (posterior rhinitis).
- Nasopharyngitis. Allergy (snot liquid, transparent; the patient has swelling of the nasal mucosa, redness of the eyes, frequent sneezing).
Predisposing factors
Factors that can lead to a runny nose include:
- hypothermia;
- accession of a bacterial infection;
- breathing in dusty or polluted air;
- foreign body in the nose;
- blows, nose bruises;
- deviated septum;
- uncontrolled use of nasal vasoconstrictor drops and sprays.
Pregnancy
Moreover, a runny nose is a common occurrence during pregnancy. This anomaly is called vasomotor rhinitis of pregnancy and does not pose a threat if the woman feels well. Dry air in the room and irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose with microparticles of household chemicals can lead to sneezing and a runny nose. For some people, discharge from the nasal passages appears when going out into the cold. As you can see, rhinitis is not always the result ofpathological processes in the human body. But only a competent otolaryngologist can find them out and prescribe adequate treatment.
Rhinitis stages
Runny nose (rhinitis) is an infectious and inflammatory disease, which is manifested by the appearance of swelling of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and the flow of mucus from the sinuses. It is contagious and goes through several stages of formation:
- The initial reflex stage is manifested by dry mouth, sneezing, headaches, weakness, burning sensation and respiratory discomfort. Reflex inflammation does not pose any threat to others, since the process has not yet turned into an active aggressive form of the disease.
- The second is the main link in the further development of the disease. In the event that treatment is not started on time, the condition will worsen. The second stage is manifested by the appearance of a small amount of mucus, sneezing, lacrimation, fatigue, headaches, and malaise. When complications appear, the second stage becomes reactive, that is, it affects not only the mucous membranes, but also the sinuses.
- The third stage is the final stage in the development of rhinitis. Its duration is on average 5 days. The outcome of treatment is favorable. The main distinguishing feature of the third stage of the disease is the addition of a bacterial infection, which is highly contagious.
Inhalations
Rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membranes of the sinuses. It proceeds in a mild form, has a rapid course and most often does not lead to negative consequences. First of all, it is necessary to establish the causes and treatment of the common cold. Therapy is possible with vasoconstrictor drops, s alty sea water or inhalation.
Devices for inhalation are produced depending on the functional characteristics of the organism and the initial diagnosis. Their main varieties are:
- Steam inhalers for the common cold. The most familiar to most. This is an effective method of how to quickly cure a runny nose in an adult. They drive active substances through themselves for remote inhalation. Suitable for use by adults and children over 12 years old.
- Nebulizers. They are prescribed for the development of bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, for the prevention of sinusitis.
- Compressor devices. They act locally on the affected area - the bridge of the nose. Increase the flow of mucus from the nasal cavity, thereby removing the infection from the upper respiratory tract.
- Children's cold inhalers. Equipped with a special mask that is suitable for reusable use for ages 0-14.
What is the treatment for a runny nose? The principle of operation of the device consists in the evaporation of active substances and their direct inhalation through the nose and mouth for 2-5 minutes (depending on the form of the disease). Such devices are absolutely harmless and are suitable for the correction of all types of bronchopulmonary,inflammatory, anatomically destructive diseases.
Medications for the common cold
In the treatment of mucosal edema, folk remedies are indispensable. You will have to use medication pharmacological preparations designed to narrow the vessels in the nasal cavity. At the same time, breathing and symptoms of the disease are immediately facilitated. The very first drug used in pharmacology to solve the question of how to quickly cure a runny nose in an adult was adrenaline, but the duration of its action leaves much to be desired, since it is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, side-effecting other organs.
The following drugs are currently sold in the pharmacy:
- short acting (4 to 6 hours): Naphazaline, Phenylephrine or Tetrizoline;
- medium duration (8 to 10 hours): "Xylometazoline" or "Tramazolin";
- long-acting drugs (more than 10 hours): Oxymetazoline.
The release of these drugs from the pharmacy is carried out without a prescription. Before use, it is advisable to consult with your doctor. The main advantage of modern vasoconstrictors is the ability to instantly act in the nasal region. At the same time, the number of side effects on other organs and the body as a whole has significantly decreased.
Saline solutions for the common cold
These solutions will help those who want to know how to quickly cure a runny nose inhome:
- "AquaMaris" is an effective solution for the treatment of rhinitis based on sea water. It can be used both for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes by adults and children. The solution can be isotonic (relieves spasm of the nasal vessels) and hypertonic, which has antiviral properties and relieves nasal congestion.
- Quicks is a French spray based on ocean water. It helps with nasal congestion with SARS and flu. It can be used to treat babies.
- "Humer" - a spray with a dispenser, which is released in cylinders of 150 and 50 ml. For children, there is a separate isotonic solution of this company.
- "Dolphin", "Pshik", "Chistonos" and other means can replace the above drugs, but before using them, you must definitely be examined by a doctor.
Pencil "Asterisk" from the common cold
Asterisk pencil is a very popular remedy for the common cold and to relieve nasal congestion. It can be used by children, but they should not be younger than 9 years old. If you sniff such a drug every 10 minutes, there may be an allergy, which manifests itself as a symptom of suffocation. This device is made on the basis of vigorous mint. Contains:
- menthol (mint flavor);
- mint smell (flavor);
- mint jelly.
Buy a drug for the common cold pencil "Asterisk" will not be difficult, as it is sold in almost every pharmacy. Canbuy it for 100-160 rubles. In the pharmacy, you can also ask for instructions for use and storage conditions.
Folk remedies for the common cold
For those who do not know how to quickly cure a runny nose at home, the following methods are recommended.
- Inhalations. Very effective for the treatment of the common cold. They can be made in several ways. For example, boil potatoes, drain the water, cover with a towel and breathe over a hot pan for 10-15 minutes. You can also breathe over a decoction of any combination of herbs: 1 tbsp. l. calendula, 1. tbsp. l. chamomile, 1. st. l. spoon of sage, 1 tbsp. l. lindens. Pour the dry mixture with 2 cups of boiling water. In this case, be sure to inhale through the nose, and exhale through the mouth. So the steam will pass through all the upper respiratory tract, warming them up. Contraindications: high fever or allergy to plants.
- Drops. In the form of drops, you can use aloe juice, Kalanchoe juice, garlic, onion, beetroot juice, warm vegetable or olive oil, herbal decoction (calendula, sage, eucalyptus) at home. Dosage - 2 drops in each nostril.
- Warm compress is an effective cold remedy. It is necessary to warm the s alt, put it in a sock or in a thin towel and attach it to the maxillary sinuses. Keep the compress until the s alt has cooled. You can do the same with boiled eggs. Boil an egg, wrap it in a cloth, apply on both sides of the nose. Can be driven up and down for better impact.
- Flushing. To a glass of warm waterput 2 tbsp. l. s alt or 1 tsp. soda. Mix thoroughly. You can rinse by drawing liquid from a plate through one nostril, closing the other, alternately. In this case, the head should be tilted forward and slightly to the side. It is also convenient to use a syringe without a needle for this.
- Nose massage is another way to cure a runny nose with folk remedies quickly. With your fingers, massage the wings of the nose, first in one direction, then in the other 10-15 times. After that, tap on the bridge of the nose with one finger.
- Taking a decoction or tincture inside. Chamomile and calendula have a good antiseptic effect, relieve swelling and support the immune system. They are brewed with boiling water and infused for 5 minutes. Horsetail with birch leaves helps a lot, the infusion has an anti-inflammatory effect. Tea with ginger, honey and lemon will warm, remove swelling, and give an antiseptic result. For one mug of honey we take 1 tsp, a circle of lemon, 2 tbsp. l. grated ginger.
- General body warming. Dress warmly, drink hot tea with chamomile (in the absence of temperature). Wearing wool socks is especially effective.
At the first sign of a runny nose, these actions will help you recover. For prevention during periods of the spread of viral diseases, it is recommended to put chopped onions and garlic in each room.
Rinse the nose of a child
Timely removal of snot and flushing of the nose is one of the most important and surest actions. To quickly and effectively cure a runny nose in a child, a saline solution, which in compositionclose to physiological. It will moisturize the nasal mucosa, wash out all the secretions and put the epithelial cells in order. You can drip it up to 6 times in one day, and if there are a lot of secretions, then more. The solution is harmless even for babies.
Aspirator
Snot is removed for babies with an aspirator, and two-year-olds and older are already taught to blow their nose. If we are talking about older children, then saline solutions for washing the nose can be prepared by yourself. To do this, add a small spoonful of sea s alt to boiled water. The solution is drawn into one nostril and blown out of it.
Baby Spray
It is better to agree with the resistance of the child and purchase an effective remedy for the common cold - regular saline spray in a pharmacy. If you use factory pharmacy sprays, your nose will breathe easier and snot will not bother you. Regular irrigation of the nose with saline spray can achieve a result in which vasoconstrictor and antiviral drugs are not needed. Also, the frequency of colds and the appearance of a chronic runny nose will subside. Cleansing the nose of snot and rinsing it with isotonic solution is all that should be used to treat a runny nose, especially for infants.
