Parenteral administration is the introduction of drugs into the body by "bypassing" the digestive tract. As a rule, it is used in cases where it is necessary to provide assistance immediately, one might even say that it is urgent. Most often, the term parenteral administration means the introduction of injections (shots) in various ways:
- Intravenous - provides the fastest achievement of the expected effect (2-5 minutes). The amount of medicine that needs to be injected depends on how the injection will be made. Up to 100 ml, a syringe is used, more than 100 ml - a dropper.
- Subcutaneous and intramuscular administration is used when the amount of the required drug is up to 10 ml. The effect is achieved in 10-30 minutes.
- Intra-arterial administration is used in cases where the action of the drug is necessary only on a certain organ, without affecting the rest of the body. With this method, drugs break down in the body at a very high speed.
Also applies to parenteral administration andapplying drugs to the skin in the form of creams and ointments, and instillation of a drop in the nose, and electrophoresis, and inhalations.
Parenteral administration: benefits
The main advantages of parenteral administration of drugs are the accuracy of dosage and the speed of action of drugs. After all, they enter directly into the bloodstream and, importantly, unchanged, unlike enteral (through the mouth) administration.
When using parenteral administration, it is possible to treat people who are unconscious or very weak. By the way, for this type of patients or for those who have had a metabolic failure, parenteral nutrition is used. It is also based on the introduction of nutritional components necessary for maintaining life (proteins, glucose, etc.). For many, parenteral nutrition is the so-called metabolic diet.
Flaws
- Mandatory presence of a medical worker. Although many people know how to give injections on their own, without resorting to the help of others.
-
The possibility of penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body during a skin puncture. Therefore, all instruments and solutions must be sterile, and the injection site carefully treated with alcohol or, in extreme cases, alcohol-containing liquids (drinks or perfumes).
diet for metabolic disorders - The appearance of bruises and hematomas at the injection site. This effect can be de alt with by applyingcompresses from alcohol diluted in half with water, or a broken cabbage leaf.
- Possibility of embolism - the ingress of air bubbles into the vascular bed, which can lead to death. But with the right injection technique, the development of such a consequence is excluded.
- Many people have a pathological fear of injections since childhood, which may not go away even in adulthood.
But despite its many shortcomings, at the moment, parenteral administration is the most reliable and effective method of getting drugs into the human body. Therefore, if you have been given a choice - to drink pills or inject injections, then you can safely choose the second one, since its effectiveness is much higher. And you should not be afraid of injections or droppers at all, because sometimes only their use can save a person's life.
