The nervous system together with the endocrine system ensures the regulation of body functions, controls all the processes occurring in it. It consists of the central sections, which include the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral part - nerve fibers and nodes.
Russian scientist I. Pavlov classified variants of the nervous system in humans depending on functional characteristics: the strength and displacement of the processes of excitation and inhibition, as well as their ability to be in balance. These properties are expressed in a particular person by the speed of reactions, the speed of decision-making, the severity of emotions.
What are the types of the human nervous system
There are four of them and they correlate in an interesting way with the types of human temperament identified by Hippocrates. Pavlov argued that the types of the nervous system largely depend only on innate qualities and change little under the influence of the environment. Now scientists think differently and say that in addition to hereditary factors, the social environment and upbringing also play an important role.
Let's consider the types of nervoussystems in more detail. First of all, they can be divided into two large categories - strong and weak. In this case, the first group has a subdivision into mobile and inert, or immobile.
Strong types of the nervous system:
Mobile unbalanced. It is characterized by a high strength of nervous processes, excitation in the nervous system of such a person dominates over inhibition. His personal qualities are as follows: he has an abundance of vital energy, but he is quick-tempered, hard to restrain, highly emotional.
Movable balanced. The strength of processes is high without the predominance of one over the other. The owner of such characteristics of the nervous system is active, lively, adapts well and successfully resists life's problems without much damage to the psyche.
As we can see, the mobile types of the nervous system are those whose functional qualities are the ability to quickly move from excitation to inhibition and vice versa. Their owners can quickly adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Inert balanced. Nervous processes are strong and in balance, but the change from excitation to inhibition and vice versa is slowed down. A person with this type is unemotional, unable to quickly respond to changing conditions. However, it is resistant to long-term exhausting influences of adverse factors.
The last type of nervous system - melancholic - is classified as weak. The nervous system is characterized by the predominance of inhibition, a person has pronounced passivity, low performance andemotionality.
The psyche is not resistant to negative environmental factors.
The great ancient physician singled out four variants of temperament: they are nothing but an external manifestation of the type of functioning of the nervous system. They are presented in the order corresponding to the types discussed above:
- choleric (first),
- sanguine (second),
- phlegmatic (third),
- melancholic (fourth).
