Man lives according to certain laws of nature. Being a biological species, it also has the ability to prolong its genus.
For this there is a special system inside the body - reproductive. It is complexly designed to recreate an exact biological copy of an adult human. The human reproductive system has been studied for a very long time, since the conception of a child is a very delicate and complex process.
Sometimes we meet couples who would like to have children, but have not been able to get pregnant for several years. The reason for this is the violation of the functioning of this very human reproductive system. There are several reasons why women and men have problems with procreation. Let's try to understand them.
What is reproduction?
The human reproductive system is a collection of organs and processes inorganism, aimed at the reproduction of a biological species. This system, unlike other body systems, develops for quite a long time and differs by gender. It's no secret that women have one sex organs, men others. It is this difference that complements each other in the process of conception and the birth of a child.
The female reproductive system
This system is complicated due to the fact that it is the woman who is destined to bear and feed the child in the first years of life. Therefore, the fair sex live in cycles so that all processes in the body proceed correctly. Here we are talking about the release of special hormones on different days of the cycle by different organs of the reproductive system.
The female reproductive system is represented by the following organs:
- hypothalamus;
- ovaries;
- adenohypophysis;
- womb;
- fallopian tubes;
- vagina;
- mammary glands.
They are all designed to support the formation and growth of another little life.
The hypothalamus determines the work of the entire cycle of a woman from the beginning of the formation of an egg until the end of its function.
The adenohypophysis is responsible for the production of hormones of the reproductive system.
The ovaries have two main functions: ensuring ovulation from start to finish, and cycling the release of essential female hormones.
The uterus is the main reproductive organ of a woman, since the child is formed in it, she is also responsible forproper flow of menstruation and synthesizes receptors for the main female hormones.
The fallopian tubes are so named because they transport the fertilized egg to a safer and more convenient place for the embryo - the uterus.
The vagina acts as a pathway for sperm to reach the egg and is also a continuation of the birth canal at birth.
Mammary glands are needed in order to feed and nurture the child.
Male reproductive system
Unlike women's complex reproductive system, men have a slightly simpler system for reproducing their own kind. This is due to the fact that their task is only fertilization, but not the bearing and birth of children.
The male reproductive system is represented by the following organs:
- penis;
- scrotum containing testicles;
- prostate;
- seminal vesicles.
Besides, hormones control male sexual behavior. They are produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. A man is also not simple in the device of the reproductive system. It turns out that when a man ejaculates, about 300-400 million spermatozoa are released. This indicates a complex hormonal work occurring in the body of the stronger sex. Naturally, not all spermatozoa reach the egg, but those "lucky ones" who succeeded determine the sex of the unborn child.
The impact of negative factors on the reproductive system of women and men
Our bodyarranged very correctly, and we must keep it alive to provide them with basic functions. The reproductive system, like other systems in our body, is affected by negative factors. These are external and internal causes of failures in its work.
Ecology influences the reproductive system. If the air in the region is bad, cases of infertility in couples or miscarriages will often be observed. Especially in the summer, cities with industrial enterprises are covered with a gray haze - smog, which can consist of almost the entire table of chemical elements of Mendeleev. Accordingly, a person breathes this air, substances (formaldehydes, nitrogen, sulfur, mercury, metals) are absorbed into the blood. As a result, oxygen and other substances may simply not be enough to conceive a child, and also, due to poor ecology, changes may occur in the internal genital organs of a woman and a man.
It should be noted the great influence of alcohol on the reproductive system. We have heard many times about the dangers of alcoholic beverages, but people often think that they will not be affected by the consequences of a wrong lifestyle. Alcohol can lead to deformities of the child. Children whose mothers consumed alcoholic beverages during pregnancy will most likely have weak immunity, pathologies of internal organs, delayed psycho-speech development, and so on, may occur. Immediately, the consequences of a wrong lifestyle may not appear. The female reproductive system is more susceptible to the negative effects of alcohol. Since a man releases sperm with every sexual intercourse,alcohol does not stay long in the genetic material, which is then passed on to the child. The egg cycle is at least 30 days. All these days, toxins from alcoholic beverages remain in it, exerting their effect on the body of a woman and a child.
The reproductive system can also be spoiled by a sedentary lifestyle. It has little effect on a woman (although overweight is often the cause of non-pregnancy). But a man can be very seriously affected by constant sedentary work or unwillingness to exercise. We are talking about prostatitis, which we will discuss below, and a decrease in the speed of spermatozoa. The mobility of these cells is very important, they move towards the ovum like conquerors. If their movement is weak, not intense, then pregnancy will not occur.
Pathologies of the functioning of the reproductive system
The human reproductive system, as we have already learned, is subject to various negative environmental influences and not only. As a result of these influences, pathologies arise in the work of the organs of this system. We will talk about them.
Cervical erosion
This pathology occurs when the mucous membrane loses its outer cells - the epithelium. There are two types of this disease: true erosion and false. The first occurs when the epithelium is desquamated. This process is influenced by various factors, in particular, pathological discharge from the cervical canal. Sometimes it is not desquamation, but the replacement of this epithelium, then the pathology will be characterized as false. Erosion of the cervix can occur as a result of ruptures during childbirth, with various manipulations, in particular abortion, and also with eversion of the mucous membrane. With this pathology, only the female reproductive system suffers.
Chlamydia
This pathology occurs when you get an infection that is sexually transmitted. It may be asymptomatic, but may be accompanied by severe pain and specific discharge after sexual intercourse. The disease is dangerous inflammation inside the pelvis, fallopian tubes, ovaries. This inflammation does not go away without a trace. If the disease is not treated in time, there may be constant pain, an ectopic pregnancy or infertility may develop.
Herpes
This disease is common for both men and women. It can be transmitted sexually, or it can occur due to other reasons: hypothermia, skin trauma, pathologies of the functioning of the endocrine glands.
Genital herpes is characterized by sharp pains, itching, tingling. Then a spot appears on the genitals - the basis for rashes. These are several bubbles, which at first contain a clear liquid, and then purulent crusts or constantly wet erosion may occur. In severe cases, the person may have chills, muscle pain, and weakness.
Uterine fibroids in a woman
This disease also occurs due to infection or malfunction of the endocrine system. Also common causes of uterine fibroids arefrequent abortions, curettage, poor ecology in the region, heredity. But we cannot throw everything off on external causes that do not depend on us. We must monitor our body to prevent such pathologies.
Fibroids can manifest itself through pain in the lower abdomen, changes in the cycle of menstruation. With this disease, whole blood clots can be released, there can be a lot of it.
Candidiasis or thrush
This disease worries almost half of the entire population of women. To date, it is not completely known why some suffer from it more, while others do not. Of the main symptoms of thrush, there are:
- pain during urination;
- itching in the vagina;
- pain during intercourse;
- discharge resembling cottage cheese;
- constant discomfort in the genital area.
Candidiasis is difficult to cure, so with all these symptoms you need to see a doctor. The main causes of thrush are: sexually transmitted infections, prolonged use of antibiotics, pregnancy, weak immunity, diabetes mellitus. Men also often have thrush.
Development of polycystic ovaries in women
This disease originates from disorders in the endocrine system. Polycystic ovaries can lead to infertility, so it needs to be treated immediately. The disease manifests itself through amenorrhea, frequent and thick hair growth, obesity. It is important to consult a doctor in time forconsultation, because you cannot prescribe adequate treatment for yourself.
Prostatitis as a path to male infertility
The impact on the reproductive system of men of various infections can lead to the fact that they become infertile. Therefore, men should take care of their lifestyle. It is important for them not to give themselves a slack and warm up physically. Common diseases of the reproductive system are complemented by purely male ones. One of these most common is prostatitis.
This disease occurs when the prostate gland becomes inflamed, there are pains in the prostate area. Sometimes the disease goes unnoticed, which causes more harm to the work of the male reproductive system. This occurs due to violations of the function of the genital organs and spermatogenesis. These pathological processes lead to a decrease in potency. Prostatitis can be complicated by vesiculitis, that is, an inflammatory process in the seminal vesicles. This insidious disease affects up to 80% of men, especially in adulthood, when all processes in the body slow down.
The male reproductive system can suffer from bacterial and non-bacterial prostatitis. Quite often it becomes chronic. This condition is very difficult to treat, as the bacterium becomes resistant to drugs. Prostatitis is manifested by frequent and painful urge to urinate, pain may accompany sexual intercourse. This disease can lead to kidney disease. It is important to take preventive measures.
Prostate adenoma in men
Adenoma is a benign tumor in the region of the bladder neck. The disease is typical for older men - 50-60 years. It has several stages, the sooner it is recognized, the more you can warn yourself against complications.
This disease may not immediately make itself felt. The first symptom can be considered a minor violation of urination. This can manifest itself in a decrease in jet pressure, a person may often want to go to the toilet at night, there is a feeling that the bladder is not completely emptied. In addition, blood in the urine and discomfort in the lower abdomen may appear. There may be loss of appetite, and the man is also prone to constant fatigue.
All diseases of the reproductive system can be prevented by taking care of your he alth.
