Cervical erosion is by far one of the most common gynecological diseases. For many women, this diagnosis becomes news. This pathology is not always accompanied by its characteristic signs, and the presence of other inflammatory or infectious diseases can further blur the clinical picture. In this article, we will analyze whether cervical erosion can bleed and what factors provoke its development.
Definition of erosion and its types
Cervical erosion is an ulcerative defect of the cervical mucosa. Long-term existence of pathology can lead to serious consequences. Since many factors can cause erosion, a certain characteristic is used to indicate the type of its development.
Erosion can be:
- Innate. This type of disease is considered harmless and is a featureorganism. Usually does not require treatment and resolves on its own after a while.
- True erosion. This is a mucosal defect that arose as a result of mechanical trauma or against the background of an inflammatory process. Affected tissue is bright red and bleeds on light contact. After about 2 weeks, such erosion enters the healing stage.
- Pseudo-erosion (ectopia). This is a condition in which there is a displacement of the cylindrical epithelium of the cervical canal beyond the boundaries of the external pharynx. Has no pronounced symptoms. Sometimes there is an unusual discharge and may be bothered by pain during intercourse.
Reasons for appearance
There are a large number of factors that can cause erosion. These include:
- Hormonal failures.
- Presence of an intrauterine device.
- Abortions.
- Mechanical damage to the cervix as a result of a medical examination or sexual intercourse.
- Allergy to semen.
- Inadequate intimate hygiene.
- Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
- Infectious diseases.
Symptomatics
In most cases, the symptoms of erosion are mild. In the early stages of the disease, discomfort during intercourse and slight discharge may occur. If untreated, an inflammatory process may develop, as a result of which the discharge will be more abundant with an unpleasant odor, and sometimes with the presence of blood.
Reasonsspotting
There are many factors that cause uterine erosion to bleed:
- Gynecological examination.
- Intercourse.
- With excessive physical exertion.
- When inserting tampons.
- Removal or insertion of an intrauterine device.
- When douching.
- During swabs.
- During an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs with a vaginal probe.
If it bleeds once during erosion, there is no cause for concern. It is only necessary to keep the situation under the control of a doctor. But in cases where bleeding has increased or has arisen for no apparent reason, we can talk about the development of a pathological process that requires the intervention of a doctor. A condition in which erosion bleeds can be caused by exposure to pathogenic microbes, viruses, infections.
Diagnosis
If you experience bleeding that is not related to menstruation, you need to contact a gynecologist. To confirm the diagnosis and establish the nature of the origin of the disease, the following diagnostic measures are prescribed:
- Gynecological examination.
- Pap test.
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.
- STI and HPV screening.
- Colposcopy.
- Biopsy.
- Blood and urine tests.
Distinguishing features of erosion bleeding
There are characteristic signs that bleeding is caused by erosion, and notpathological changes in the pelvic organs and urinary system. Consider them in more detail:
- Bleeding occurs outside of the menstrual cycle.
- The pain is not severe, itching and burning are not observed.
- Discharge is pale brown, scarlet or pink.
- After a while, the erosion stops bleeding.
- You can almost always find a connection between any mechanical effect on the cervix and spotting.
Many are wondering: how long can cervical erosion bleed? A feature of this pathology is that by itself it is not capable of causing prolonged and heavy bleeding, unless dangerous diseases have been added to this. If erosion bleeds for a week or more, this may indicate uterine bleeding or the manifestation of other serious gynecological diseases, which include:
- Endometrial hyperplasia.
- Uterine fibroids.
- Diseases of the ovaries.
- Inflammation of the appendages.
- Oncological formations of the pelvic organs.
- Endometriosis.
- Polyps in the uterus.
- Missed pregnancy.
- Incipient miscarriage.
Uncomplicated cervical erosion bleeds after mechanical impact and does not affect the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
Treatment
Therapy prescribed by the doctor will depend on the overall clinical picture and test results. There are currently severalerosion treatment. Let's take a closer look at them.
Drug therapy. This method includes taking anti-inflammatory drugs, antiviral agents, immunomodulators and drugs that accelerate regeneration. With severe bleeding, hemostatic drugs are prescribed (for example, Bichromicum)
But, unfortunately, drug therapy in most cases does not cope with erosion, so surgical treatment is prescribed, which can be performed in the following ways:
- Laser cautery. This method is the most common, as it is considered one of the most effective and less traumatic treatment options. Affected tissues are removed with a laser beam, while he althy ones remain intact. If it bleeds after cauterization of erosion, do not worry, since a certain amount of discharge may be present during the period during which the mucosa is restored. But it is important to remember that the appearance of copious discharge, accompanied by itching and pain, as well as yellowish with an unpleasant odor, is a reason to contact a medical facility as soon as possible.
- Cryodestruction. A safe and effective method of treatment in which erosion is frozen with liquid nitrogen. Full recovery takes about two months. This method of treatment is contraindicated in nulliparous women.
- Radio waves. The affected areas of the mucosa are affected by radio waves. At the same time, the probability of bleeding is very low, and the recovery period lasts no more than a month. The method is allowednulliparous women.
- Chemical coagulation. A special solution is applied to damaged tissues, which contributes to the death of the upper layer of cells. The procedure must be repeated several times. When using this method, there is a high risk of damaging he althy cells.
- Electrocoagulation. The affected areas of the mucous membrane of the cervix are removed with the help of current. The procedure is painful, there is a high risk of scarring.
- In case of a precancerous condition, a section of the organ is surgically removed.
Bleeding emergency
If for some reason the erosion bleeds very strongly, it is necessary to call a doctor as soon as possible. Before his arrival, you need to lie down, placing something under your feet. Place cold on the lower abdomen for 10 minutes, then take a five-minute break and repeat the procedure.
It is forbidden to take a bath, apply a warm heating pad to the stomach. Taking medications is possible only after consultation with a specialist.
Complications
Uncomplicated erosion in most cases does not pose a threat to the life and he alth of a woman, but if left untreated, serious complications can develop:
- Anemia that occurs with prolonged bleeding.
- Accession of infection.
- Bleeding in chronic erosion is sometimes accompanied by the formation of polyps.
- If erosion bleeds while carrying a child, there is a high risk of infection and inflammation, which have a negative impact on the coursepregnancy.
- Oncology. If erosion bleeds for a long time, and appropriate treatment is not carried out, it can degenerate into cervical cancer.
Conclusion
To avoid serious consequences of the disease, regular visits to the gynecologist are necessary. Bleeding during erosion in most cases indicates the development of a pathological process that requires immediate treatment, therefore, at the first symptoms of the disease, it is worthwhile to seek the advice of a specialist as soon as possible, who will conduct an examination and prescribe the necessary treatment.
