The transmission of gonorrhea infection is sexual. This is a disease that affects the mucous membranes of the urinary tract. The disease develops due to the ingestion of the pathogenic organism of gonococcus.
Reasons
Factors contributing to the development of the disease are directly related to the ways of transmission of gonorrhea:
- Engaging in intimate relationships without using contraception.
- One of the main reasons for the development of the disease is the violation of the rules of safe sex.
- It is the use of condoms that can protect the genitals from getting into them pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Promiscuous sex.
- Infection through household items.
- Due to violation of the rules of personal hygiene, the carrier of the infection infects a perfectly he althy person using his household items: towel, washcloth, underwear.
Intrauterine causes
A baby, developing during fetal gestation, becomes infected with a virus, passing through the birth canal of a woman. Suchthe route of transmission of the infection carries a great danger to the child, as the mucous membranes of the eyes and genital organs of the infant are affected. Moreover, it is this pathology that is one of the causes of the development of blindness. For treatment of gonorrhea, you should consult a doctor to determine the method of treatment and prescribe the necessary drugs.
Symptoms
From how long the disease lasts, you can distinguish a fresh disease (from the onset of gonorrhea for two months). Fresh disease can occur in acute form, subacute, little symptomatic form. There are gonococcal carriers that are not formally visible, although the causative agent of the disease is in the body itself. At the moment, the disease does not always show a typical clinical picture, since mixed infections (Trichomonas, Chlamydia) often appear, which can change symptoms, prolong incubation periods, interfere with diagnosing and treating the disease. There are many asymptomatic and asymptomatic types of the disease.
Classic manifestation of acute forms of the disease in a woman:
- purulent and serous-purulent vaginal discharge;
- hyperemia, edema and mucosal manifestations;
- frequent and painful urination, itching, burning;
- intermenstrual bleeding;
- pain in the lower abdomen.
More than half of these moments in a woman passes either imperceptibly or not at all. In this case, a late visit to a specialist is fraught with the appearance of ascending inflammatory processes, the disease canhit the uterus, fallopian tube, ovary, peritoneum.
How is gonorrhea transmitted?
Transmission routes - through sexual relations. If we talk about the likely infection with gonorrhea, then experts suggest that the most dangerous is traditional, that is, vaginal contact, or anal intimate relationships. It is possible to contract the disease during oral sex, but the likely transmission of the disease in this case is very low than in other types of sexual relations.
In some cases, it is possible to transmit gonorrhea by household means. But this is rare, as the pathogen does not live long in an open environment.
According to statistics, the probable infection with gonorrhea with a single approach without using a condom with a sick person is approximately 50%. A man becomes infected from a sick partner much less often than a woman. This can be explained by the fact that a large number of gonococci do not enter the narrow openings of the urethra, or, if they do, they can be thrown out or washed away with urine. Therefore, it is very important for a man to go to the toilet after a close relationship.
Diagnosis
Laboratory diagnostics, which helps to determine whether a person has gonorrhea, consists of a whole range of studies. First of all, it is necessary to determine the route of transmission of gonorrhea, syphilis and other possible sexual infections. Initially, a smear is taken for the presence of diseases in a person that can be sexually transmitted. This makes it possible to determine the type of causative agent of gonorrhea. This is the mostquick analysis, after which you can immediately begin treatment.
No less frequently used diagnostic method is called bacteriological seeding - the material taken from the patient is placed in a special nutrient medium. This is almost an accurate result, but this analysis takes about a week to complete.
Molecular diagnostics (polymerase chain reaction, ligase chain reaction, molecular hybridization) is considered to be the advanced method. PCR at the gene level determines the gonococcus. The method has a high accuracy of 98-99% and is effective for the detection of gonococcal conjunctivitis and chronic gonorrhea.
Given the variety of common sexually transmitted infections and similar signs of similar diseases, STDs should be thoroughly distinguished.
Differential diagnosis of gonorrhea should be carried out with other, similar in medical picture, STDs. These are diseases caused by pathogenic (trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis) or relatively pathogenic (thrush) flora, as well as viruses (for example, the herpes simplex virus).
Medicated treatment
Gonorrhea requires timely rapid treatment. When diagnosed in the initial stages, therapy is fast and effective. However, even with a pathological and severe course of the disease, drug treatment can get rid of gonorrhea. The appointment of a course of treatment is made by a specialist, based on the results of research and the dynamics of the course of the disease. Self-medication for gonorrhea is not allowed, because itineffective and can lead to the development of complications. Antibacterial drugs of the following groups are used.
Gonorrhea drug groups
Penicillins. Specifically, one drug from this group is "Amoxicillin", which has a broad effect. The dosage for the treatment of gonorrhea is 3 g. In severe cases, the dosage increases, but not more than up to 5 g. Therapy is carried out for 10 days.
Tetracyclines:
- "Tetracycline". The drug requires taking 5 times a day, with a dosage of 0.3 g at the start of therapy and reduced to 0.2 g. In the acute course of the disease, the dose is 5 g, in case of emergency, increases to 10 mg.
- "Metacycline". It is taken 4 times a day, at a dosage of 0.6 g at the beginning of therapy, with a dose reduction to 0.3 g. In severe cases, the dose is increased and amounts to 4.8 g.
Sulfanilamides. In case of allergic reactions and intolerance to the above drugs, therapy with drugs from this group is prescribed.
- "Sulfamomethoxin". It should be taken at 1.5 g three times a day, followed by a decrease in dosage to 1 g. During therapy, the amount of the drug consumed by the patient should not exceed 15 g, except in cases of severe disease, then the allowable dose is 18 g.
- "Biseptol". An agent that has a combined effect, since it contains two active substances at once. The dose is 1 tab. 4 times a day. Durationrequired course - 4 days.
Folk treatment
Since the main route of transmission of gonorrhea in women is sexual, folk recipes are often used:
- Burdock for gonorrhea. A decoction prepared from burdock root enhances the effect that medications have in the treatment of gonorrhea. The decoction is prepared from chopped burdock root, 2 tablespoons per 2 cups of boiling water is enough. For half an hour, these ingredients should be boiled in a steam bath. Next, the finished broth must be cooled and consumed 3 tablespoons every hour. The course of treatment is 7-14 days.
- Herbal preparations for gonorrhea. To treat the disease with the help of medicinal herbs, the following recipe is used. A mixture of dandelion roots, birch leaves and juniper berries is taken. It is necessary to grind all the ingredients and pour boiling water at the rate of 3 tablespoons of the mixture per glass of water. The infusion will be ready after 30 minutes. It is only necessary to strain it and apply before eating 1 tablespoon each.
- Ginseng tincture for gonorrhea. This remedy is effective in the treatment of the disease in men. For therapy, you should use 3-5 drops of tincture, which can be freely bought at any pharmacy.
Dill for gonorrhea
Dill douching is an excellent home remedy for gonorrhea in women. To prepare the broth, you will need several branches of dill, which are poured2 cups of water and boil for 15 minutes on a steam bath. After the resulting decoction has cooled to body temperature (about 37 °C), it must be filtered and filled with a syringe or syringe without a needle. Douching should be done after waking up and before going to bed.
