Skin diseases are an unpleasant and sometimes even frightening phenomenon. They cause a lot of physical and psychological discomfort. Almost everyone has some kind of skin problem. However, untimely elimination of some of them can lead to serious complications. Intradermal nevus is one such problem.
General Description
This pathology is often a benign neoplasm on the skin, which mostly rises above its surface. In some cases, it may become lumpy, and sometimes it remains a small spot that differs in color.
Intradermal nevus has a painless surface and a soft structure. The color of the neoplasm is different: pink, red, brown and even black.
An intradermal nevus can be located on the neck, scalp, face. Very rarely, the formation occurs on the body or limbs. It should be borne in mind that if the tumor is benign, then it practically does not cause pain. In a malignant form, melanoma, it is reborn in only 20%cases.
If there is some discomfort in the area of the skin lesion, or the intradermal nevus began to grow rapidly, then you should immediately consult a doctor.
Reasons for appearance
So far they have not been clarified for sure. But in any case, this pathology is a consequence of the abnormal functionality of the skin. There are factors that can trigger the development of the disease:
- Allergic skin pathologies.
- Intrauterine fetal developmental disorders.
- Heredity.
- Hormonal disorders, such as the restructuring of the body during pregnancy or menopause in women.
- Dermatological infectious pathologies.
Intradermal papillomatous nevus can also develop as a result of severe toxic poisoning of the body, while the substance due to which it appeared does not matter.
Varieties of pathology
There are a lot of them:
- Galonevus.
- Blue. It has a relatively small size and a special blue color.
- Border. This formation is characterized by the fact that it rises above the surface of the skin only partially.
- Intradermal papillomatous nevus. Its size can exceed 1.5 cm, and over time it can grow even more. Most often, it is a brown bump that looks like a wart. Inside the neoplasmnotice coarse black hairs. With careful handling of this neoplasm, it rarely degenerates into a malignant one.
- Non-cellular. It often occurs on the face than causes serious physical discomfort. Its shape is usually convex. Due to its location, the mass must be removed.
- Intradermal melanocytic nevus. It has a rich color, the correct clear shape. You can find it on the chest and even on the genitals. The size of the neoplasm rarely exceeds 0.5 cm. It can be on the same level with the skin or slightly rise above it.
Some of these formations can degenerate into melanoma. However, with careful attitude and timely treatment, intradermal nevus of the skin is not dangerous.
Diagnostic features
The presented pathology must be detected in a timely manner. Diagnosis involves the implementation of a set of measures that will help determine the type and degree of complexity of the disease, as well as the predisposition of the neoplasm to rebirth. So, the doctor must perform the following actions:
- External examination of the affected area and determination of its morphological features: location, size, shape, color.
- Dermatoscopy of the tumor, which will make it possible to distinguish it from other diseases.
- Syascopy. This is a new method of digital diagnostics, which allows you to more accurately determine the features of the development of pathology.
- Skin ultrasound.
- Biopsy of a neoplasm element to confirm or refute a cancer prognosis.
How does the disease progress?
Intradermal papillomatous nevus can appear from birth, although it is very difficult to notice it right away. Education develops in several stages:
- The neoplasm is still under the epithelium, so it often goes unnoticed.
- Gradual movement of nevus cells into the upper layers of the dermis.
- Acquisition of a convex shape. With the growth of the child, the intradermal melanocytic nevus of the skin increases in size.
- Growth arrest and discoloration of nevus cells. At this stage, the inflammatory process and the degeneration of the neoplasm may begin.
What symptoms should I see a doctor for?
In principle, if you have an intradermal melanocytic nevus, you should consult a doctor, even if it does not bother you. However, there are direct indications for contacting a specialist:
- The tumor is located in places where it can be permanently injured: on the scalp, soles of the feet, genitals.
- The formation begins to bleed, itching and burning sensation appears.
- The tumor is unnatural in color, large, or growing rapidly.
- The patient feels pain in the affected area.
- Patient has close relatives who have had melanoma.
Treatment of pathology
It must be said that papillomatous intradermal melanocytic nevus is not amenable to drug therapy. In most cases, it must be removed. There are several ways to do this:
- Freezing with liquid nitrogen. This procedure can be used if the nevus is located in areas hidden under clothing. After the operation, very noticeable marks remain. This operation can cause severe burns. It completely destroys the neoplasm, so there is simply no material left for further analysis.
- Surgical intervention using a scalpel. This procedure allows you to get rid of even a very large nevus. However, this operation is traumatic, requires a long recovery period, and leaves visible scars after it. But as a result, the material can be examined for the presence of malignant cells.
- Electric moxibustion. This is an almost painless method of removal, but it is impossible to get a nevus for research, since it is completely destroyed.
- Laser treatment. It is quite effective, can be applied to any part of the body. The wound heals quickly after surgery, and the risk of infection is very small. But even in this case, there is no material left for further research.
- Radioknife. This is the most progressive method of combating the disease. It contains the advantages of all previous methods, and only the high cost of the procedure can be distinguished from the disadvantages.
Features of laser surgery
Papillomatous intradermal melanocytic nevus must be completely removed. Otherwise, it will begin to degenerate into a malignant tumor. Laser surgery is performed under local anesthesia and lasts only 5 minutes. After its implementation, you will go home on the same day, and the recovery period will be reduced significantly.
For work, the specialist uses a special device capable of producing laser radiation. It gradually cuts off the thin plates of the neoplasm until it is completely removed. Depth and intensity of radiation are regulated in each individual case. It all depends on the size of education, its features.
Preventive measures
Intradermal pigmented nevus is a rather unpleasant disease that can develop into a malignant tumor. However, if you follow some preventive measures, then such a denouement of events can be avoided. So, don't forget these rules:
- Don't abuse or stay in the tanning bed for too long.
- In summer, stay out of direct sunlight for long periods, especially between 11 am and 4 pm.
- Don't visit saunas or baths too often.
- People with fair skin should be especially careful with the sun, as it is more prone to the appearance of moles and melanomas.
- You can not injure the neoplasm.
If you find a mole that has dramatically changed color, shape or size, immediately contactdoctor. Stay he althy!
