The active substance of Akineton is biperiden hydrochloride. The tablet contains 2 mg of the active ingredient. In addition, the presence of additional components (corn starch, potato starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, copovidone, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, talc, pure water) suggests the composition of Akineton.
Instructions for use, photos indicate that the tablet form of the drug has an almost white color, a flat-cylindrical shape. On one side of the tablet there is a risk with chamfered cruciform shapes.
1 ml of solution contains biperiden lactate in the amount of 5 milligrams. Additional components are: injection water and sodium lactate.
Pharmacological action
The main substance biperiden is a centrally acting anticholinergic.
Influence implies a depressing ability on activitycholinergic neurons in the striatum, which is the structural unit of the extrapyramidal system.
The drug causes a ganglioblocking effect, antispasmodic and moderate m-cholinoblocking effect on the periphery (antispasmodic).
The use of the drug helps to eliminate the tremor of the limbs, which occurs when using cholinergic drugs (for example, pilocarpine), as well as catalepsy and muscle rigidity while taking antipsychotics. Has the ability to provoke psychomotor agitation.
Pharmacokinetics
"Akineton" is 91-94% bound to plasma proteins. Plasma clearance will be 11.6 ± 0.8 ml/min/kg body weight. The single dose oral form has a bioavailability of about 33 ± 5%.
Can pass into breast milk.
Biperiden is fully metabolized in the human body. This substance is not detected in the urine unchanged. The main metabolites are bicycloheptane and piperidine, which are excreted in feces and urine.
Elimination is carried out in two phases, with a half-life (T 1/2) of 90 minutes during the first phase and 24 hours - the second phase. In elderly patients, the half-life may increase significantly.
Indications for use
"Akineton" is used for extrapyramidal disorders caused by taking certain medications(neuroleptics, antipsychotics).
Also, the drug is indicated for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism syndrome (the drug is prescribed in combination with basic therapy),
Contraindications
The purpose of this drug is not indicated for individual intolerance to the active substance of the drug "Akineton".
Instructions for use informs that you should avoid prescribing the drug when diagnosing a patient with a pathology such as prostate enlargement, angle-closure glaucoma, obstructive changes in the gastrointestinal tract (pyloric stenosis, intestinal obstruction of paralytic genesis).
Arrhythmias, epilepsy, breastfeeding, advanced age of the patient, pregnancy are factors in which Akineton is prescribed with great care.
Side effects
From the side of the central nervous system are manifested by asthenia, fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, numbness, dizziness, anxiety, anxiety, memory impairment, confusion, hallucinations, catalepsy, drug dependence on the drug "Akineton".
Instructions for use speaks of side effects on the part of the organ of vision - mydriasis, disturbance of accommodation.
From the side of the cardiovascular system is characterized by an increase in heart rate (tachycardia); sometimes - a decrease (bradycardia); when using the injectable form of the drug - a decrease in blood pressure(hypotension).
From the digestive system - dry mouth, dyspeptic symptoms, constipation.
On the part of metabolic processes - a decrease in sweating.
On the part of the urinary system - in patients with enlargement (hypertrophy) of the prostate gland - possible difficulty urinating.
Allergic manifestations: rash on the skin, itching.
Uses
For intramuscular, intravenous administration, as well as oral administration of the tablet form, Akineton is suitable.
Instructions for use says that Akineton therapy usually starts with small doses, then the dose of the drug increases stepwise depending on the required therapeutic effect and the presence of side effects.
Adults using the oral form of the drug begin treatment with a dose of 1 mg in 1-2 doses during the day or 2 mg divided into two doses per day. Further, the dosage can be increased to 8 mg in two to four doses. However, the dose should not be increased by more than 2 mg per day. Do not exceed the maximum dosage of 6-16 mg per day. A single dose of the injectable form of the drug should not exceed 2.5-5 mg. This dose can be re-introduced after half an hour, but the number of injections per day should not exceed 4 times. The maximum dose of the drug in injectable form is 20 mg per day. When the optimal dose of the drug is reached, thenit is possible to switch to the reception of "Akineton retard".
However, do not forget about the individual approach to each individual patient when prescribing biperiden therapy.
Extrapyramidal pathology that occurs as a result of taking certain medications (antipsychotics or neuroleptics) requires the appointment of this substance in a single dose of 2 mg orally or parenterally. You can repeat the introduction of the indicated dose every half hour. However, as mentioned above, the number of injections should not exceed 4 times. The oral dose of the drug should be divided into one to three doses.
Parkinson's disease involves the administration of this drug at 6-8 mg orally in 2-4 doses per day, gradually the dose can be increased to 6-16 mg.
Children's age up to a year suggests the possibility of prescribing this drug in an injectable form slowly, a single dose is 1 mg or 0.2 ml. At the age from one year to 6 years, 2 mg or 0.4 ml are prescribed. From 6 to 10 years old - 3 mg or 0.6 ml. This dose can be re-administered in half an hour if necessary. In the presence of side effects on the administration of the drug, the injection should be stopped. When conducting therapy with the oral form of the drug from the age of 3 to 15 years, take a dosage of 1-2 mg in 1-3 doses during the day.
Pills should not be taken on an empty stomach, but should be taken with a moderate amount of water. If you experience unwanted side effects from the systemdigestion, the drug should be taken immediately after a meal, which reduces the severity of the adverse effect of Akineton.
The instructions for use indicate that in case of nicotine poisoning in adults, this medicine is also prescribed in the standard therapy complex, and its dose is 5-10 mg for injectable forms, but only in life-threatening cases patient.
In case of poisoning with organic phosphorus mixtures, dosing of biperiden is carried out individually, depending on the severity of the lesion. Start with a dose of 5 mg in the case of intravenous administration, repeated injections continue until the signs of poisoning disappear.
Overdose
Overdose is manifested by pronounced anticholinergic effects caused by the drug "Akineton".
Instructions for use, reviews of doctors draw attention to the fact that the treatment of this condition is symptomatic (maintenance of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, oxygen therapy, correction of hyperthermia, if necessary, a urinary catheter is installed). It is necessary to introduce cholinesterase inhibitors (primarily physostigmine).
Interaction
"Akineton" when used simultaneously with m-cholinergic blockers, drugs with antihistamine and antiepileptic effects, enhances the severity of the latter. However, simultaneous use with metoclopramide weakens its therapeutic effect. There is a categorical incompatibility of the drug with ethanol. Purposequinidine significantly increases the risk of developing manifestations of dyskinesia. The M-cholinergic effect is enhanced with levodopa.
Terms of storage and sale
This medicine requires a doctor's prescription to provide to the pharmacist. To store Akineton, you must observe the temperature regime, that is, the ambient temperature should not exceed 25 degrees (Celsius scale). Required inaccessibility for children to the means "Akineton".
The instruction gives a shelf life of the drug - five years.
Special Instructions
The appointment of biperiden during pregnancy and breastfeeding (lactation) requires strict indications.
Biperiden can enter the body of a child with breast milk, which is the reason for the temporary refusal of breastfeeding until the drug "Akineton" is discontinued.
The description of the drug draws attention to the fact that when deciding on the appointment of biperiden during pregnancy and lactation, the possible risk to the newborn, fetus is taken into account.
The advanced age of the patient becomes a risk factor for treatment with this drug. Therefore, Akineton is prescribed to this category of persons with great care.
The lack of evidence of any data indicating the safety of use in childhood is the reason why Akineton is not used for children.
Description of the drug (instruction for use) indicates the fact that caution is necessary when using this drug inpatients with epilepsy or arrhythmia.
Drug addiction may develop with prolonged use.
The risk of developing a withdrawal syndrome involves the gradual cessation of Akineton therapy.
Alcoholic beverages should be avoided during therapy.
Therapy with this drug suggests the need to refrain from driving vehicles and engaging in activities that require increased concentration of attention and a quick psychomotor reaction, as this carries a potential danger due to the risk of dizziness.
"Akineton". Instructions for use. Analogues
The following substances are synonymous with the drug: "Biperiden", "Mendilex", "Biperiden hydrochloride".
"Akineton". Reviews
The drug is highly effective in the treatment of parkinsonism, the tremor in the limb stops after a short period of time. There is a good tolerance of the drug "Akineton".
Reviews on the forums indicate the possibility of some side effects during the period of taking the medicine.
The price of Akineton. Where to buy
The cost of the solution can be about 800 rubles.
The price of the oral form of Akineton is 560-580 rubles.
