Diarrhea, vomiting and pain in the stomach occurs with functional disorders of various organs (not necessarily the organs of the gastrointestinal tract). Similar symptoms can appear after eating poor-quality food, severe stress, intestinal infection, and some serious diseases, such as hepatitis and malignant tumors. In some cases, they appear unexpectedly and pass quickly, in others, urgent medical attention is needed so that dehydration does not occur and more serious problems begin. In any case, to find out the exact cause of these phenomena, you should visit a doctor who will prescribe tests and establish a diagnosis, and the patient will receive appropriate therapy.
Classification of pain symptoms
To make a correct diagnosis, all pain symptoms are classified according to the following criteria.
Localization:
- painful sensations in the stomach indicate problems with the esophagus and duodenumgut;
- in the right hypochondrium - problems with the gallbladder and liver;
- under the left rib - inflammation in the pancreas;
- pain in the upper abdomen - most often with damage to the gallbladder, perforation of the duodenum, stomach ulcer;
- in the navel area - malfunctions in the small intestine;
- severe pain in the right side - perhaps the caecum has become inflamed;
- aching in the lower back and lower abdomen - signs of disease of the uterus, appendages or bladder.
Views:
- acute stomach pain - cholecystitis, pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- sharp sudden - poisoning or burns of the mucosa;
- burning sensation - gastritis or stomach ulcer;
- spasmodic, cramping after eating or at night - inflammation or stomach ulcer;
- short-term, acute, occurring during inhalation - a consequence of diseases of the digestive tract, cardiovascular and respiratory systems;
- constant and weak - polyps and malignant tumors;
- strong cramping - gastrointestinal infections.
Additional features:
- emergence of vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- nausea;
- headache.
Events leading up to pain:
- eating certain foods;
- medication;
- make sudden movements.
Development time:
- after eating food;
- on an empty stomach;
- at night;
- morning.
Causes of pain instomach associated with abdominal organs
There are many reasons for abdominal pain. Some of them are easily eliminated and do not require medical attention. These include: the use of low-quality products, overeating, alcohol abuse. They are accompanied by heaviness in the stomach, accumulation of gases, a feeling of fullness in the abdomen and vomiting. Usually, all symptoms disappear after the elimination of irritants.
The most common pathologies that cause pain and have serious consequences are:
- Poisoning is one of the main causes of vomiting and stomach pain. There is a feeling of heaviness, constant nausea, diarrhea, chills, weakness, headache, increased salivation, temperature may rise and pressure may decrease.
- Appendicitis - accompanied by pronounced pain on the right side of the navel, diarrhea, nausea. Possible increase in body temperature. Medical attention is required to clarify the symptoms, and surgical intervention is required to confirm the diagnosis.
- Ulcer - this disease is provoked by an unhe althy lifestyle and bad habits. Symptoms come on after eating. Possible vomiting, belching, pain in the stomach. Heartburn constantly torments, the patient loses weight. Immediate medical visit required.
- Gastritis - it is most often caused by an improper diet. The patient complains of a pulling pain that is constantly present. On an empty stomach in the morning, there is halitosis, nausea, and heartburn. In the chronic course of the diseaseappears after eating belching.
- Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. It is accompanied by diarrhea, nausea, severe weakness, malaise, high fever, pale skin, stomach pain.
- Liver diseases and cholelithiasis - the patient is tormented by nausea, constant bitterness in the mouth, vomiting of bile and pain in the stomach is possible.
- Pancreatitis - this disease causes cramping pains in the abdomen, dryness in the oral cavity is observed, intestinal function is disrupted: constipation is replaced by diarrhea, nausea and vomiting appear.
- Inflammatory process in the pelvic organs - pain occurs in the lower abdomen, accompanied by burning. They often radiate to the lower back, and vomiting is possible.
- Erosions, polyps, gastroduodenitis - are manifested by severe stomach cramps. To clarify the diagnosis, you need to visit a doctor.
- Malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract - sharp constant pain in the stomach, weakness, vomiting and nausea.
- Monthly - women experience pain in the lower back and lower abdomen. They pass on their own after the end of this period. For severe pain, take painkillers.
- Pregnancy - Stomach pain, persistent nausea and vomiting are possible during normal pregnancy. These are signs of toxicosis, and for a while you need to come to terms with them. In any case, consultation with the attending physician is necessary. If you experience aching pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lower back, there may be serious problems with pregnancy.
When appearingvomiting and pain in the stomach is better not to delay a visit to the doctor for a long time. It is often impossible to find out the cause of their occurrence on your own, and delaying with such symptoms is life-threatening. Only a doctor, after conducting additional studies, will determine the exact diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate therapy.
Causes of stomach pain that are not related to the abdominal organs
Many problems in the human body are related to its psychological state. The cause of abdominal pain is most often malnutrition, but they can also occur with strong emotional and physical stress, with heart disease and the use of drugs:
- Psychosomatic pain - often diarrhea, vomiting and stomach pain occur after an outburst of anger. Suspicious people who have an inferiority complex, experience constant anxiety and dissatisfaction with themselves, often experience pain in the abdomen, and sometimes diarrhea and vomiting.
- Violation of the vestibular apparatus - it is responsible for orientation in space and balance. In case of violations in his work, there is a loss of balance, sweating, dizziness, nausea, vomiting is possible.
- Migraine is a chronic neurological disease with severe headache that is localized in a specific part of the head. Migraine attacks cause nausea accompanied by vomiting and cramping pain in the stomach.
- Diseases of the heart and blood vessels - can also be manifested by nausea, dizziness, discomfort in the stomach, headaches.
Why vomiting and pain in the stomach appeared, only the doctor will determine by conducting additional diagnostics, therefore, if such symptoms occur, a visit to the doctor is mandatory.
Diagnostic measures
With nausea, vomiting, cramps in the stomach, diarrhea and fever, it can be assumed that an inflammatory process has occurred in the human body or serious pathologies have occurred. It is better not to waste time and consult a doctor. To determine the diagnosis, he will carry out the following activities:
- questioning the patient: listen to complaints, establish the nature of the pain syndrome, identify all symptoms;
- examine the patient and make palpation of the abdominal cavity, listen to the heart rate and lung function, measure the pressure;
- will prescribe urine, blood and gastric juice tests;
- Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity;
- x-ray with contrast agent;
- CT or MRI.
These activities are enough to make a diagnosis. Sometimes additional studies are carried out - colonoscopy, laparoscopy and consultations of other specialists. After receiving the results of the examination, the patient will be prescribed appropriate therapy. In addition to drug treatment, for some time you will have to adhere to a certain diet and lead a proper lifestyle.
Medicines for digestive problems
It should be noted right away that it is impossible to treat stomach pain on your own. All medicines are used strictly according to the doctor's prescription. doctor dependingfor the cause of pain, may prescribe the following medicines:
- To regulate stomach acidity: Rennie, Maalox, Almagel, Omeprazole, Gaviscon, Phosphalugel, Vikalin, Omez, Famotidine, Ranitidine. These drugs are mainly used to eliminate vomiting and treat stomach pain in gastroenterological diseases.
- Increasing the breakdown of food with a lack of enzymes: Mezim, Pancreon, Betaine, Ipental, Wobenzym, Enzistal, Pangrol, Creon, Kadistal, Pancreatin”, “Penzital”, “Kotazim forte”, “Panzinorm”, “Digestal”, “Festal”, “Pankral”, “Pankurmen”. They help to improve the functioning of the intestines: relieve heaviness in the stomach, reduce the accumulation of gases, remove belching, and eliminate constipation.
- Contributing to the relaxation of smooth muscles: "Papaverin", "No-shpa", "Spazoverin", "Sparex", "Neobutin", "Papazol", "Trimedat", "Duspatalin", "Iberogast", "Plantex"”,“Meteospazmil”,“Niaspam”,“Bespa”,“Drotaverin”. They are used for nausea, vomiting and stomach pain with irritable bowel syndrome, peptic ulcer disease, biliary dyskinesia.
- To improve gastric motility: Motilium, Passazhiks, Ganaton, Motilak, Trimedat, Itomed. They help to remove vomiting, improve bowel function, eliminate the feeling of fullness in the abdomen, stop hiccups and nausea.
- Reducing toxicosis during pregnancy: vitamin complexes, Motilium, Essentiale, No-shpa, Splenin, Sepia.
For minor food poisoning foreliminate unpleasant consequences, take activated charcoal using the attached instructions.
Unconventional Therapies
With mild poisoning, when the first symptoms appear (vomiting and stomach pain), and there are no other warning signs, you can try to use folk remedies. To do this, you need to drink water and empty the stomach of low-quality food, causing vomiting. To eliminate pain, infusions and decoctions of the following herbs are used:
- Chamomile - for a decoction, take one teaspoon of flowers in a glass of water. Anti-inflammatory and sedative drink in small sips.
- Cumin - an infusion of herbs relieves unpleasant symptoms after vomiting and pain in the stomach. To prepare it, take a tablespoon of spices and pour a glass of hot water.
- Peppermint - a decoction is prepared from one teaspoon of dry raw materials per glass of water. Drink instead of tea, helps relieve spasms, headaches, acts as a sedative.
- St. John's wort - take a tablespoon of decoction after four hours. Relieves pain and eliminates vomiting.
- Ivan-chai - a decoction made from dry raw materials, they drink instead of tea. It envelops the gastric mucosa and helps to eliminate vomiting and pain in the stomach.
To alleviate the condition in traditional medicine, there are many other recipes. It is not advisable to use them without the advice of a doctor so as not to harm your he alth. The use of alcohol tinctures, decoctions of wormwood, plantain, flax seeds, propolis, plums,gooseberries can sometimes worsen the condition. And when carrying a child for treatment, it is strictly forbidden to use home remedies without consulting a doctor. At home, the patient should be provided with peace, put in a well-ventilated room, put on loose clothes, make a light, circular massage around the navel in a clockwise direction. Temporarily not eat any food, replacing it with plenty of fluids.
Diet therapy for disorders in the digestive system
Dietary nutrition for vomiting and stomach pain plays a big role in the treatment of the disease. First of all, you need to limit the amount of food consumed. There is only food that is gentle and does not irritate the stomach. It should be taken in small portions. Exclude spicy, s alty, sour and fatty foods from consumption, do not eat fried and smoked foods. All food must be boiled or steamed. The diet should not include alcohol, carbonated drinks, pickled foods, cucumbers, mushrooms, cabbage, nuts, seeds, sauces, coffee, chocolate, rich bread.
Instead of this, use various cereals, low-fat soups, boiled unleavened meat, poultry, fish, cottage cheese, dairy products, jelly, kissels, carrots, beets, eggs. In the morning you can drink a glass of still mineral water. Constantly monitor that there is no overeating. Your doctor or nutritionist will help you develop a diet. The list of products for each patient is selected individually, depending on the disease and the individual characteristics of the body. dietarynutrition will help get rid of nausea, vomiting and stomach pain.
What to do for stomach pain and high fever?
For stomach pain accompanied by high fever, it is best to seek medical attention. Depending on the symptoms and clinical picture, the following actions should be taken:
- Apply a cold compress to the abdomen.
- For loose stools and vomiting ensure plenty of fluids using plain still water.
- Do not suppress the gag reflex. In case of poisoning, it is better for the sick person to drink plenty of water and induce vomiting to clear the stomach.
- When vomiting, stomach pain and loose stools, do not apply a hot heating pad to the stomach, this will increase inflammation and pain.
- Do not take painkillers. They will make it difficult to diagnose the disease.
- In case of severe vomiting, the patient should be laid on his side so that the vomit does not enter the respiratory tract.
When is it necessary to urgently call an ambulance?
There are situations where immediate medical attention is needed. Here are some of them:
- Very severe cutting pain in the abdomen. Tormented by vomiting and diarrhea, there was heartburn and belching. Headaches observed.
- Fever, stomach pain, vomiting and diarrhea, general malaise.
- Pain in the whole abdomen, bloating, heaviness, dizziness.
- A state of soreness and discomfort, nausea and stomach pain for an extended period.
- Suspicious colorationvomit, there are streaks of blood, there is bitterness in the mouth.
- In the last months, before childbirth, pulling pains appear in the lower abdomen, which radiate to the lower back. Dizzy, slightly nauseous. The pain becomes cramping, which becomes more frequent over time.
If you experience severe stomach pain and vomiting, do not take painkillers without a doctor's prescription. This can make it difficult to make a diagnosis. It must be remembered that abdominal pain in almost all cases is a serious problem, so it should not be taken lightly.
Prevention measures
To prevent stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting, the most basic requirements must be observed. Only fresh, heat-treated foods should be eaten.
Eat slowly, chew your food well, and don't overeat. Do not abuse fried, fatty, smoked and spicy foods. Do not forget to wash your hands, vegetables and fruits before eating with soap. Remember that alcoholic beverages and smoking are bad for the human body.
