"Bufus sodium chloride" is the trade name of a medicinal product from the group of solvents and diluents containing sodium chloride as an active ingredient.
Pharmacological action
Being, in fact, a plasma substitute, "Sodium Chloride Bufus" has the following effects:
- Detoxification.
- Rehydrating action.
- Being a source of sodium ions, it makes up for their deficiency that develops in some pathological conditions.
- Hypertonic sodium chloride solution, used in the form of external applications, helps to remove pus from the inflammatory focus, and also has antibacterial activity.
- Intravenous use of hypertonic solution leads to an increase in diuresis, and also helps to compensate for the lack of sodium and chlorine ions.
When isotonic saline is used
The use of "Sodium Chloride Bufus" 0.9% is advisable in the following cases:
- Conditions characterized by profuse loss of fluid or insufficient intake of fluid in the body: diarrhea, uncontrollable vomiting, cholera, burns,having a vast area, accompanied by profuse exudation.
- Dismetabolic disorders, accompanied by a lack of sodium and chloride ions in the blood.
- Intestinal obstruction.
- Intoxication of the body.
- Washing wounds, including infected and festering ones.
- Washing the mucous membrane of the eyes in case of an infectious lesion or detection of a foreign body and nasal cavity in the treatment of a runny nose.
- Use for dilution of concentrated pharmaceuticals.
- Use to irrigate dressings.
Indications for the use of hypertonic saline
The remedy is prescribed for such conditions:
- Bleeding in the lungs.
- Bleeding in the stomach or intestines.
- Can be used to force diuresis as an additional osmotic diuretic.
- Dehydration.
- Silver nitrate intoxication.
- Festering wounds (in this case "Sodium Chloride Bufus" is used topically).
- Constipation (rectal indicated).
Contraindications
Instructions for "Sodium Chloride Bufus" contains indications of a number of conditions in which the use of this drug is unacceptable:
- Hypernatremia.
- Acidosis.
- Hyperchloremia.
- Hypokalemia.
- Excessive accumulation of fluid in the intercellular space.
- Hemodynamic disorders that can lead toswelling of the brain and lungs.
- Edema of the brain.
- Pulmonary edema.
- Acute left ventricular failure.
- Use of glucocorticoid hormones, especially in high doses.
Side effects
Misuse or overdose may result in the following symptoms:
- Acidosis ("acidification" of the body's internal environment).
- Overhydration.
- Decrease in blood levels of potassium ions.
Uses
"Sodium Chloride Bufus" can be used in the following ways:
- Intravenously, in drip mode.
- Sc.
- Rectally.
- Outside, locally.
Isotonic saline should be heated to 36-38 degrees Celsius before use.
The dose in each case is determined individually, depending on the amount of dehydration, the degree of shortage of sodium and chlorine ions. On average, about one liter of solution is injected per day. However, in case of severe intoxication, the volume of fluid administered can be increased to three liters per day. The rate of administration is usually 540 milliliters per hour, but if necessary, the rate can be increased.
In the case of a pronounced decrease in blood pressure in a child caused by dehydration, the introduction of 20-30 milliliters of isotonic solution for each kilogram of the child's weight is indicated. This mode of administrationused until the end of diagnostic measures and the determination of laboratory parameters. Further, the volumes of the injected solution are adjusted taking into account the laboratory parameters obtained during the examination. Long-term use of the drug is an indication for systematic monitoring of electrolyte levels in blood plasma and urine.
Hypertonic intravenous solution has a 10% concentration.
A 2-5% solution is used for gastric lavage.
In enemas used to stimulate bowel movements for constipation, a 5% solution is used in an amount of 100 ml, or 0.9% in a volume of up to three liters per day.
As eye drops, it is recommended to use 1-2 drops in each eye.
For inhalation "Sodium Chloride Bufus" should be used for seven to ten days. As a rule, acute symptoms regress over this period of time. When inhaling, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
- The temperature of the mixture for inhalation should not exceed 40 degrees.
- The procedure should be carried out between meals.
- Breathing should be calm, breaths should be deep, between inhalation and exhalation there should be small pauses.
- In the case of an inhalation procedure using a nebulizer for treating cough, it is advisable to combine saline with preparations based on ambroxol ("Lazolvan", "Ambrobene") or acetylcysteine ("Fluimucil"); with a tendency to bronchial obstruction, agents with a bronchodilator effect have a beneficial effect("Berotek", "Berodual"); in some cases, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs ("Budesonide") or antiseptics ("Miramistin", "Gentamicin") is indicated.
For the nose, "Sodium chloride bufus" is used infrequently, since in the vast majority of cases it is enough to wash the nasal cavity with saline.
If necessary, saline for inhalation at home can be replaced with saline or mineral water without gas.
In order to avoid side effects and complications, when preparing a mixture for inhalation, it is necessary to follow the instructions reflected in the instructions for the respective drugs.
