Chronic pain syndrome is a fairly common pathology that can cause mental illness. Chronification of pain sensations is a consequence of a malfunction of the nervous system. Many authors consider chronic pain syndrome as an independent disease. Neuralgia, tingling, body aches are the key signs of most diseases that cause suffering to millions of people. Experts say that one in five people on the planet has experienced chronic pain.
Physicians often determine the functional nature of painful sensations in the patient's body by the method of elimination. Chronic soft tissue pain syndrome is also a diagnosis of exclusion. At the same time, unpleasant manifestations of a different nature may be practically absent. And in this case, the patient is diagnosed with chronic pain syndrome. As a rule, painful sensations are localized in the back, heart, joints, abdomen and head.
The biological role of pain
Such unpleasant sensations, in their biological origin, are a danger signal and evidence ofmalfunction of organs or their systems in the body. In medical practice, chronic pain syndrome is often considered as a sign of some kind of pathology that occurs due to trauma, tissue damage, inflammation or ischemia. At the same time, negative sensations are formed as a result of the coordinated work of a whole complex of protective reactions aimed at eliminating dysfunctions. Based on the above information, we can conclude that a full life of a person is impossible without a normal perception of pain.
Abdominal pain
Chronic Abdominal Pain Syndrome is a common ailment registered among both children and adults. There are a lot of factors that provoke the development of pain in the abdomen:
- pathology of the genitourinary system (cystitis, urethritis, nephritis, ovarian cyst, endometriosis, salpingitis, oophoritis, etc.);
- hepatitis;
- pancreatitis;
- gastritis;
- cholecystitis;
- dysfunction of the alimentary canal;
- postoperative adhesive disease;
- peptic ulcer;
- hollow organ perforation;
- granulomatous enterocolitis;
- appendicitis;
- foodborne illness;
- Meckel's diverticulum;
- parasitic invasion;
- intestinal tuberculosis;
- gastroenteritis;
- pancreatic pseudocyst;
- Crohn's disease;
- chronic appendicitis;
- abdominal epilepsy.
Abdominal pain therapy
The main role in the treatment of abdominalgia (chronic abdominal pain) belongs to the methods of mental influence. In the treatment of pathology, hypnotic sessions, autogenic training, and behavioral psychotherapy are quite effective. To influence the central mechanisms of pain, antidepressants (Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Amitriptyline) and anti-anxiety (Clozepam, Diazepam), desensitizing (Tavegil, Suprastin) and antihypochondriac (Frenolone, "Sonapax") funds. As painkillers, non-narcotic analgesics are used - Diclofenac, Nimesil. A good result is obtained when using the methods of manual therapy, underwater traction, exercise therapy and acupuncture.
Pain in the heart area
Chronic Heart Pain Syndrome is a frequently reported disease with multiple causes:
- psychogenic illness;
- myocardial infarction;
- pathologies of the spine;
- dysfunction of the peripheral nervous system;
- myocardial dystrophy;
- pulmonary embolism;
- myocarditis;
- arterial hypertrophy;
- heart defects;
- hypertrophic cardiopathy;
- pericarditis;
- pleurisy;
- angina;
- pneumonia;
- mitral valve prolapse;
- diaphragmatic abscess.
How to treat?
In the treatment of heart disease, anticholesterol is indicateddiet therapy. Allowed products include:
- nuts;
- seafood;
- veal;
- berries, fruit drinks;
- lentils, beans, peas;
- vegetable soups;
- cereal porridge;
- seeds;
- fermented milk products (kefir, curdled milk, fat-free cottage cheese);
- fruits, vegetables, dried fruits;
- unrefined vegetable oils (peanut, rapeseed, corn, sunflower, linseed, maize, olive);
- bran bread;
- natural marmalade;
- rosehip broth;
- skimmed milk;
- sea fish (hake, pollock, sprat, herring, cod, saffron cod, tuna, salmon, sardines, haddock, halibut);
- chicken fillet;
- natural juices.
To restore the functioning of the heart and nervous system, doctors prescribe a course of physiotherapy. The presented method of treatment is indicated for the following pathologies:
- stable exertional angina;
- postinfarction cardiosclerosis.
Physiotherapy treatments include the following treatments:
- magnetotherapy;
- electrophoresis;
- electrosleep;
- aquatherapy;
- balneotherapy (treatment with mineral baths);
- low energy laser radiation.
The choice of therapeutic regimen depends on the etiology of the disease and the diagnosis. If conservative methods of treatment are powerless, then surgical intervention is performed.
Causes of pain in the pelvic region
Chronic pain syndrome inthe pelvic area is an urgent problem for many women and men. The development of prostatitis is the main cause of pelvic pain in the stronger sex. In women, most often, this pathology manifests itself for a reason associated with the morphofunctional features of their pelvis. Patients often come to the doctor with complaints of prolonged, periodically increasing pelvic pain, which is localized in the lower abdomen. Chronic pain in the pelvic region is a rather “vague” and diverse concept, since most diseases of the pelvic organs (for example, urological, proctological, gynecological) can be accompanied by similar manifestations. There are many reasons that provoke the development of chronic pain in women.
Gynecological reasons:
- uterine fibroids;
- polyps of the mucous membrane of the uterus or cervical canal;
- foreign body in the pelvis;
- tuberculosis of female genitalia;
- intrauterine contraception;
- prolapse of internal genitalia;
- Allen-Masters syndrome;
- ovarian cyst;
- postoperative lymphoid cysts;
- anomalies in the development of the genitals;
- carcinogenic formations in the body and cervix;
- Painful Period Syndrome;
- ovarian cancer;
- cervical atresia;
- postoperative adhesive disease.
Urological and gastroenterological causes:
- bladder cancer;
- urethritis;
- urolithicdisease;
- renal anomaly;
- urethral diverticulum;
- cystitis;
- ureterocele;
- inflammation of paraurethral glands;
- colon cancer;
- hernias;
- constipation;
- Crohn's disease;
- colitis.
Neurological, musculoskeletal and skeletal causes:
- neuralgia;
- abscess of the iliopsoas muscle;
- coccygodynia;
- femoral or ventral hernia;
- sarcoma of the ilium;
- hip dysfunction;
- myofascial syndrome.
Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Treatment for Men
Treatment depends on the etiology of the disease. In the presence of chronic neuropathic pain syndromes, the following groups of medications are prescribed:
- anticonvulsants;
- α-blockers;
- analgesics;
- muscle relaxants;
- non-specific anti-inflammatory and desensitizing drugs;
- vegetable adaptogens;
- membrane stabilizers;
- tranquilizers;
- sedatives;
- phosphorus preparations;
- novocaine blockades;
- neuroleptics;
- immunosuppressors;
- anticholinesterase drugs;
- corticosteroids.
Chronic Pain Syndrome: Treatment for Women
In the absence of a clearly defined gynecological pathology, manual therapy is prescribed,reflexology. If signs of depression are detected, antidepressants can be used. If neoplasms are found in the pelvic area, surgical intervention is indicated. As a rule, laparoscopy is performed in the absence of a positive result from conservative methods of therapy.
