The term "gastroduodenitis" means a disease of the stomach and duodenum, manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of these organs. It should be noted that this disease is very common today, and after 70 years it is almost one hundred percent. This explains the relevance of the topic "Gastroduodenitis". Symptoms, treatment, prevention of this disease are constantly being researched, supplemented by new data for the same reason.
Gastroduodenitis can occur both acutely and chronically. The acute course is characterized by destructive changes in the mucous membrane, occurs suddenly, as a rule, as a result of some acute serious condition (mono- or multiple organ failure, sepsis, trauma, exposure to chemical agents), relapses after treatment are not typical.
The essence of another form of gastroduodenitis is chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and duodenum, resulting in its atrophy. It is characterized by relapses associated with errors in nutrition, emotional stress, taking certain medications, and helminthic invasions. In people,suffering from this form, there is a detailed history of the disease. Chronic gastroduodenitis becomes their constant companion throughout life.
Factors predisposing to the development of gastroduodenitis
Multiple factors that cause the occurrence of the disease are divided into 2 main groups:
- The group of exogenous factors is represented by the use of irritating food, chronic lack of sleep, intoxication, including smoking and the systematic use of alcohol, the use of many drugs, the action of chemical agents.
- The group of endogenous factors includes a number of chronic diseases that negatively affect the stomach and duodenum, in particular, their mucous membrane. These include allergic and endocrine diseases, chronic mono- or multiple organ failure, long-term infectious diseases, helminthic invasions and much more.
The activity of Helicobacter pylori in the gastrointestinal tract also causes gastroduodenitis. Symptoms, treatment of this disease are in some way determined by the causes of its occurrence discussed above, therefore it is extremely necessary to identify and take them into account.
Symptomatology and diagnosis
Gastroduodenitis is often accompanied by dyspeptic syndrome, including nausea, vomiting, heartburn, belching, bad taste in the mouth. Flatulence and unstable stools can join the above. With gastroduodenitis, astheno-neurotic syndrome often occurs,manifested by fatigue, weakness, insomnia, headaches.
Different types of abdominal pain are the most typical symptoms for a disease such as gastroduodenitis, the treatment of which is primarily of interest to the patient. Pain, as a rule, is concentrated in the epigastric or umbilical regions. They can be debilitating, aching, "hungry" or appear after a delayed time after eating, if we are talking about gastroduodenitis with increased enzymatic activity. With reduced gastric secretion, the pain is less intense, dull, occurs after eating, can be defined by patients simply as discomfort.
Diagnosis is based on the results of fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS). This type of study allows using special equipment to visualize signs of inflammation of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, the presence of erosion or other pathology. Also, during EGD, the acidity of gastric juice is determined by pH-metry or by using the method of its fractional study.
How to treat gastroduodenitis?
The paramount importance is the observance of a diet that excludes spicy, fatty, spicy, abundant food, alcohol. It is preferable to use pureed foods, steamed, boiled or stewed. It is important to eat fractionally, that is, often and in small portions.
Depending on the pathogenetic orientation, it is recommended to use the following groups of drugs fortreatment of gastroduodenitis:
- Antibacterial drugs are used to eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection.
- In order to prevent the effects of irritating agents on the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach, gastroprotectors, such as De-nol, are taken.
- Antacids (Almagel, Maalox and others) are used for the same purpose. The irritating agent in this case is gastric juice, which has increased secretory activity.
- With reduced secretion, on the contrary, the secretion of gastric juice is necessary, for which pancreatic enzymes are prescribed: "Mezim", "Pancreatin" and others.
- Not the last place in the treatment of gastroduodenitis is physiotherapy. For example, with intense pain, electrophoresis with novocaine is used.
It should be understood that the symptoms characteristic of a disease such as gastroduodenitis, the treatment of which we have considered, cause a lot of inconvenience to patients. Therefore, it is important to exclude all of the above factors leading to the development of this disease. It is important to remember that prevention is easier than cure.
