Unfortunately, a tragic event can occur in a person's life, which will have disastrous consequences for his he alth. In this regard, the question of how the causes of disability are established and the groups are provided becomes important. It is important to understand all the nuances of this topic. This is what we will do in the presented article.
What is a disability?
First of all, it is worth considering what the concept of disability includes. The causes of disability vary, as do the degrees of severity.
Disability is usually called the deterioration of human he alth, which is expressed in a persistent violation of any of the functions of the body. It can be caused by a certain kind of disease, be a consequence of an injury or a defect. This violation can lead to a significant limitation of the sphere of human activity and necessitate its constant protection. Causes and groups of disability can only be accurately diagnosed by a specialist.
The following are distinguishedgroups:
- The first degree is assigned to people with a persistent he alth disorder, which leads to a decrease in working capacity, the inability to perform work in a qualified manner.
- The second degree is shown to those people who can work only in specially created conditions or with the help of third parties.
- The third degree is awarded to those who have a persistent disorder of body functions, leading to an inability to perform work duties.
What does it take to recognize a person as disabled?
In order for a person to be recognized as disabled, he must first pass a special medical commission, which is carried out by the social protection authorities of the population or he alth authorities. In order to pass it, in order to receive a group, it is mandatory to indicate those data on the state of a person’s he alth, which would clearly reflect his current state (in which a person can be recognized as disabled).
In addition, in the Russian Federation, the law stipulates what causes of disability are the basis for recognizing a person as disabled. These factors are:
- The presence of a significant impairment of any of the vital functions of the body, which is due to the action of an injury, disease or defect.
- Significant limitation of the patient's sphere of life, which can be expressed in the complete or partial loss of a person's ability to work, impossibilitymove around without assistance, communicate with other people, work.
Let's take a closer look at the above causes and groups of disability.
There are three groups in total. The first is provided for one year, the second - for two, the third - for three years, respectively. Persons who have not reached the age of sixteen are assigned not a group, but the category “child with a disability”.
Determination of the cause of disability is under strict control. In order to recognize a child with a disability, first it is necessary to identify the presence of a certain pathological condition in him, the causes of which may be: congenital, hereditary, acquired disease or a disease that arose as a result of an injury.
Disability pension
After the cause of disability has been determined, a special pension paid by the state is assigned. Moreover, its amount directly depends on the disability group. Such a pension can be assigned even regardless of the length of service in cases where the reason for the loss of a person's general ability to work was the performance of his immediate labor duties. This is a socially significant factor.
Disability pension for general illness
If the cause of disability is a general illness, in this case, in order for the state to assign a pension, a general work experience is required, which must have one or another duration. The legislation of the Russian Federation, however, fromThis rule provides for an exception for those categories of persons who received a certain disability group when they were young.
Military Disability Pension
It is clear that this group includes people who have suffered during the service - the military. The reasons for their disability may be different, but the group is established only after the person has passed all the examinations and collected the necessary documents. This list should be checked with the relevant authorities, as requirements may change. A disability pension for military personnel can be paid by the state only on the condition that the deterioration of he alth occurred during the person's military service or no later than three months after he was transferred to the reserve.
Amount of disability pension
The amount of the pension paid by the state for disability is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation and is strictly differentiated. At the same time, the degree of loss of a person’s general ability to work is the determining criterion, and the second is the reasons why he was recognized as disabled.
Of course, the main cause of disability is a general disease. But, as you know, groups can be given for a great variety of different diseases. There are major diseases for which disability is granted. Some of the most common are epilepsy and arthrosis.
What do you need torecognize a person as an epilepsy disabled person?
The first disease we consider for which disability can be granted is epilepsy. The causes of disability in epilepsy are as follows:
- Frequent recurrence of epileptic seizures, which significantly limits the scope of the patient's life. During such attacks, he is unable to control his actions. The onset of seizures in epilepsy is usually spontaneous. They can start anywhere and anytime. When there are no seizures, it is quite difficult to distinguish the patient from a he althy person. He can also safely go to work or school, like all he althy people. Others may not even know that this person suffers from epilepsy. Those who are ill with this disease need to take special medications every day, as well as regular visits to a neurologist or psychiatrist, and constant testing of urine, blood and feces.
- The presence of a certain mental defect, which can manifest itself in the form of a pathocharacterological personality change (one of the pathological character traits), behavioral disorders, psychological disorder. These are the most common causes of disability.
- The presence of a certain violation of the motor apparatus, which can be expressed in the form of paralysis, in violation of coordination of movement.
- Delayed motor development in children with epilepsy. This is expressed in the fact that such babies, much later than he althy children, begin to hold correctly.head, as well as independently crawl, walk, roll over and move around. In especially advanced cases, there may be a pronounced lag in the development of motor skills in a child.
- Delay in the development of speech in children who are sick with epilepsy, or a complete loss of speech skills. This may be expressed in the fact that the child begins to make articulate sounds late.
- Having a visual or hearing impairment.
What does it take to recognize a person as disabled due to arthrosis?
The second most common disease for which a group can be granted is arthrosis. The causes of disability in arthrosis are as follows: complete or partial impairment of motor activity. That is, the patient is not able to walk, sit down, drink, eat, roll over and so on on his own. This kind of violation occurs, as a rule, due to a serious injury to the ankle joint or kneecap.
What causes of disability can be the basis for determining the group? Complete loss of any of the motor functions. This may be expressed in the fact that the patient is able to move around, but with outside help. This kind of violation occurs, as a rule, due to a serious injury to the ankle joint or patella, a significant shortening of the limb. The reason for granting the group is also the presence of a pronounced or slight limitation of joint function. This is manifested in the fact that the patient is able tomove independently, but does so with great difficulty and very slowly. In addition, disability occurs in the presence of the following diseases:
- Coxarthrosis of the first degree.
- Coxarthrosis of the second degree.
- Coxarthrosis of the third degree.
- Gonarthrosis of the first degree.
- Gonarthrosis of the second degree.
- Gonarthrosis of the third degree.
In closing
Knowing what the causes of disability due to various diseases can be, a person will be able to apply for a pension and receive assistance from the state. This will improve the quality of life and prosperity of the patient. Establishing the causes of disability is a complex and lengthy procedure, so you need to be patient.
