Myocardial hypoxia is oxygen starvation of the heart muscle - myocardium. It can be caused by strong physical exertion, stress, bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism, and is also associated with work in hazardous industries. A characteristic feature is a decrease in oxygen delivery to the myocardium. During normal functioning of the body, its content in tissues ranges from 90 to 100%, in case of violations it can drop to 60%. Myocardial hypoxia is most often caused by the following diseases: angina, heart attack, atherosclerosis, anemia, coronary heart disease. Lack of oxygen significantly impairs the respiration of heart muscle cells and their functioning. This, in turn, leads to tissue death, in other words, necrosis. All these serious changes in the heart muscle lead to a heart attack.
Myocardial hypoxia symptoms are quite pronounced. It all starts with a rapid heartbeat - tachycardia. The human body compensates for the lack of oxygen due to the increased work of the heart. There is fatigue, weakness, changeable mood, shortness of breath, loss of appetite anddisability, sweating, chest pain. Myocardial contractility gradually weakens. As a result, an arrhythmia appears, often ending in ventricular fibrillation. Myocardial hypoxia in the initial stage is manifested by sharp pressure drops. It should not be forgotten that both the cardiac and respiratory systems suffer from oxygen starvation.
Today, a variety of methods and means are used for the prevention and treatment of this dangerous disease. An important role in preventing or attenuating the effect of myocardial hypoxia on a person is played by antihypoxants - drugs that restore energy processes in tissues. They help restore the functionality of damaged cells. For example, direct-acting antihypoxants affect the energy metabolism in the myocardium and have antianginal, antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects. Widespread and well-known drugs in this group are: "Actovegin", "Amtizol", "Inosine", "Lithium oxybutyrate", "Trimetazidine" ("Preductal", "Phosphocreatin"). However, it is important, first of all, to find out the cause that caused such a serious disease as myocardial hypoxia. Treatment can be combined with outdoor walks, special diets, a visit to a sanatorium. Also, infusions of woodlice, birch, cranberries, and hawthorn have remarkable antihypoxant properties.
Unfortunately, it is not always possible to diagnose cells disturbed by hypoxia and having lost their energy supply at an early stage. At this stage in the development of medicine, the question of the latest drugs that can act in several directions is acute. The main task is to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. A person should closely monitor their he alth, undergo medical examinations more often in order to avoid the development of such a serious disease that causes irreparable damage to the body, such as myocardial hypoxia.
